RU2365450C1 - Method for bending of shaped tubes and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes, metal working.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to plastic metal working and may be used for bending of shaped tubes. Billet is bent successively by sections in bending device. Besides, prior to bending, two opposite sides of billet are rolled inside to specified depth and configuration. Then its bend end is flattened along unrolled sides, is inserted into bending device slot, and bending is carried out by unrolled sides. For bending device is used that comprises template with working surface and slot for billet installation, auxiliary templates with working surfaces, bending element on axis. Template is fixed on faceplate having openings for serial installation of auxiliary templates one after another. Bending element is fixed relative to axis against rotation by fixator and is installed above faceplate with the possibility of plank adjustment in longitudinal direction in guide fixed on bed plate. Puncheon-fixator is mounted into wall of template groove with sharp edge for billet fixation.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and quality of produced items.

2 cl, 18 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to the processing of metals by pressure, can be used in the furniture industry for the processing of shaped pipes of square, rectangular cross-section, in particular for the manufacture of curls, monograms for arches, gates, fences, gratings on windows, luxury and country furniture .

A known method of bending long workpieces on presses and bending roller machines / Sipilin P.M., Zefirov I.V. Case steel processing. L .: Shipbuilding, 1972, p.241, analogue /, where bending of the workpiece is carried out in sections with sequential feeding into the bending device.

When bending the first section, the beginning of the workpiece protrudes beyond the press support or the support roller of the bending machine by the amount of technological allowance for bending.

The allowance is provided in all cases for bending in such a way that after the manufacture of the part, the remaining part of the allowance goes to waste, which significantly increases the cost of the bending method.

The closest technical solution to the technical nature and the achieved result is a description of the invention to and.with. USSR No. 1009562 A, IPC B21D 7/00 "Method for bending long workpieces", ed. V.A. Tikhomirov, M.N. Nichiporov, N.I. Bakutkin, N.V. Fateev, with priority dated 07/13/81, bull. No. 13 dated 04/07/83, a prototype where the blank with the allowance is sequentially bent in sections in a bending device with supports, the first bent section is offset from the end of the allowance by 0.25-0.75 of the distance between the supports, then before the next section is flexible the workpiece is returned back so that the middle of the first section coincides with the first support along the feed of the workpiece, after which the workpiece is bent sequentially towards its end.

The disadvantage is the impossibility of manufacturing spiral parts from shaped pipes by the proposed method, there remains a bending allowance, which leads to an increase in the cost of the method in manufacturing.

A device is known by A.S. USSR No. 1696044 A1, IPC B21D 7/02, with priority dated 03/31/89, bull. No. 45 dated 07.12.91, "Device for bending strips and pipes", ed. A.I. Minyakov, V.V. Piskareva, V.A. Kostenko / prototype /. A device containing a rotary drive axis with a template installed on it and copiers rigidly connected to the template, the working surfaces of which are equidistant to the working surface of the template, on the axis of which are installed interacting with both surfaces of the copiers of the sleeve and the clamp of the end of the workpiece. The template is made of a fixed part with an open curved groove and of a moving part installed in a curved groove of the fixed part, the drive of the template axis is made in the form of copiers of two strips with longitudinal holes fixed on its ends on both sides, one of which is mounted with the possibility of periodic interaction with the movable part of the template, and the ends of the axis of the roller are placed in the longitudinal holes of the slats.

The disadvantage is the inability to bend pipes at an angle of more than 720 °. After manufacturing the part, the device is almost completely disassembled, expensive to manufacture, because parts are manufactured with increased accuracy, as well as low productivity.

A device is known for bending strips and pipes as USSR No. 940915, IPC B21D 7/02 of 11.24.80, bull. No. 25 dated 07/07/82, author. VBChan, S.S. Tolkachev, VVDzyamulich, A.M. Tsikerman / analogue / containing bending copiers mounted on a drive shaft mounted on the frame, a template installed between them and a spring-loaded roller connected to it, with the clamp is mounted on the template where it is equipped with an additional copier mounted on the drive shaft, as well as a two-arm lever and a faceplate, the additional copier being made with a profile that is equidistant to the profile of the template, the faceplate is mounted on a bed with the possibility of rotation, the roller is mounted on the faceplate, d uplechy lever pivotally mounted on the frame, one arm is associated with an additional cam and the other with a hinged face plate, and it is provided with stops mounted on the frame, and the faceplate is formed an arcuate slot in which the stops are placed.

The disadvantage is the inability to bend profile pipes at an angle of more than 720 °.

The technical result is the expansion of technological capabilities by bending profile pipes at an angle of more than 720 °, improving quality by rolling profile pipes before bending, ease of use and increasing productivity due to the simplicity of the design of the device, which is achieved due to the fact that in the method of bending profile the pipes the billet is sequentially bent in sections in a bending device, and before bending, two opposite sides of the billet are rolled inward to a predetermined depth and configuration, then bent to the end is flattened on the non-rolled sides and inserted into the groove of the bending device and bending on the non-rolled sides, and the device for bending profile pipes contains a template with a working surface and a groove for installing the workpiece, also a bending element on the axis where the template is rigidly fixed to the faceplate, which has holes for installing auxiliary templates with work surfaces and installed sequentially one after another, and the bending element is fixed relative to the axis from rotation by a latch and mounted above the plate yboy with adjustable strap in the longitudinal direction in a guide fixed to the frame, wherein a pattern groove wall mounted punch-lock with a sharp edge for fixing the workpiece.

By pushing inward the opposite walls of the profile pipes during rolling, as well as flattening the ends of the workpiece on the non-rolled sides, the quality is improved during their further processing, i.e. bending.

On profile pipes due to preliminary rolling of opposite sides inward, corrugations, wrinkling, outward convexity of the pipe walls do not occur, i.e. preliminary deformation of the pipes inward increases the quality of the products, and preliminary flattening of the ends of the workpieces contributes to the quick and reliable fixation of the workpiece in the groove of the bending device with a punch-clamp without additional devices. The expansion of technological capabilities occurs due to the processing of square, rectangular cross-section pipes, for example square pipes with a cross-section side of 15 mm, with a profile wall thickness of 1.5 mm, a bending radius of 10 mm in the region of the tapered end, and expand the range of processed profile pipes.

The use of a punch-clamp with a sharp edge located in the groove of the template, where at the time of operation of the device, the punch-clamp reliably cuts with a sharp edge into the workpiece as the faceplate rotates clockwise and the workpiece is thus securely fixed in the groove during bending, which gives reliability and convenience in use without the use of additional means for fixing the workpiece.

The bending element is fixed / does not rotate / lock with respect to the axis and is mounted above the faceplate with the possibility of adjusting the bar in the longitudinal direction. With an increase in the bending angle of square and rectangular pipes, the curvature and plastic deformations decrease, while the elastic deformations increase, which leads to an increase in spring. The workpiece, winding on a template and auxiliary templates, rubs against a stationary bending element fixed from rotation by the latch, which creates additional tension / without any additional auxiliary devices /, which contributes to a more accurate repetition of auxiliary templates in finished parts of the working surface contour, i.e. . tension helps to reduce elastic deformations.

In the manufacture of finished parts / curls, monograms / from square and rectangular pipes with flexibility for small bending angles / with a large curvature / springing is manifested slightly and there is no need to tension the workpiece.

Therefore, the latch can be removed from the hole in the bending element and the bar. In this case, the bending element works like an ordinary bending roller / rotates /. In this case, the surface quality of the finished parts is higher than when bending with a fixed bending element.

Using different sets of equipment / the kit includes a faceplate with a template, a punch-clamp and auxiliary templates, bending elements of different sizes and configurations / expands the technological capabilities of the device and increases productivity.

Figure 1 shows a top view of the device with a template and all auxiliary templates;

figure 2 shows the device in the context of "aa" in figure 1;

figure 3 shows a top view of the device without auxiliary templates with a template rigidly mounted on the faceplate, the working position of the bending element and faceplate at the beginning of bending the workpiece;

figure 4 shows a device, a top view with a first auxiliary template;

figure 5 shows the device, a top view with the first and subsequent auxiliary templates;

figure 6 shows a groove with a punch-clamp in the template in an enlarged form, where the working position of the bending element at the beginning of bending;

figure 7 shows the workpiece after rolling and flattening its ends, side view;

in Fig.8 shows a section "BB" in Fig.7;

figure 9 shows a view of the workpiece on page "D" in figure 7,

figure 10 shows a bench with curved monograms;

figure 11 shows a fragment of a monogram on the bench in figure 10;

on Fig shows a section of a lawn fence with monograms and curls;

in Fig.13 shows a fragment of a section of a lawn fence in Fig.12;

on Fig depicts a bench with monograms;

in Fig.15 shows a fragment of a bench with monograms in Fig.14;

on Fig shows a part of the stamp with a punch and a matrix for flattening the ends of the workpiece;

in Fig.17 shows a section along "GG" in Fig.16;

in Fig.18 shows a section along "BB" in Fig.1.

Statics.

The device comprises a template 1 with a working surface 2 and a groove 3 for installing the workpiece 4. The bending element 5 is fixed on the axis 6, and the template 1 is rigidly fixed on the faceplate 7, on which holes 8 are made in order to install auxiliary templates 9, 10, 11 On the latter, working surfaces 12, 13, 14 are made, which are equidistant to the contour of the bent portion of the workpiece 4.

Auxiliary templates 9, 10, 11 / the number of auxiliary templates can be more / set during operation sequentially after each bending of each section of the workpiece 4. The bending element 5 is fixed from rotation by the latch 15 relative to the axis 6 and mounted above the faceplate 7 with the possibility of movement / regulation of the position of the strap 16 in the longitudinal direction due to the guide 17, which is rigidly fixed to the bed 18. In the wall 19 of the groove 3 of the template 1 is mounted a punch-retainer 20 with a sharp edge 21 for pressing into the workpiece at 4 at its fixing during the beginning of bending. Finger-clamp 22 is installed in one of the holes 23 of the strap 16. The finger-retainer 22 is removable, and by means of it, it is possible to adjust the position of the strap 16 with the bending element 5 relative to the position of the workpiece 4 before bending before the bending is completed. In the guide 17, in which the strip 16 is located, there is one hole 24 for the finger-lock 22. The screws 25 firmly connect the faceplate 7 to the drive 26. The mounting fingers 27 are mounted on auxiliary templates 9, 10, 11 for installing auxiliary templates 9, 10 , 11 on the faceplate 7 through holes 8 / in FIG. 3 / made in the faceplate 7. When flattening the ends of the workpiece 4, it is installed in the stamp 28 on the support 29, horizontally attached to the matrix 30. The blank with the rolled side is installed on the support 29, where the end it rests against a stop 31, and one and from the longitudinal rolled sides it abuts against a lateral stop 32, also fixed horizontally on the matrix 30. The punch 33 is mounted on top of the matrix 30, the finished part 34, monogram 35, curl 36.

An example implementation.

Take a profile tube of square or rectangular cross section, the workpiece 4, and roll two opposite sides of it into a predetermined depth and configuration, which provides preliminary deformation of the walls of the workpiece 4 so that during flattening and further bending there is no bulging of the walls of the workpiece 4 out. The cross-sectional shape of the rolled walls of the workpiece can be different, guaranteeing the deformation of its walls inward when flattening the ends of the workpiece and bending it. On workpieces / welded pipes / seams should be on the non-rolled side of the workpiece 4.

Billet rolling is carried out on rolling machines with replaceable sets of rollers (not shown) with their various sections. Next, a long billet 4 / rolled tube of square or rectangular cross-section / is cut into billets of a given size for the manufacture of the future finished part 34. Burrs are removed from the ends of the billet. This is necessary to ensure symmetrical deformation of the walls of the workpiece 4 during its flattening and subsequent bending along the non-rolled sides. The ends of the workpiece flatten. They should be kept to the minimum possible, as the shorter they are made, the more beautiful the finished part will be - monogram 35, curl 36.

Next, the workpiece 4 with one tapered end is inserted into the groove 3 of the template 1, the faceplate 7 is turned clockwise until the workpiece 4 stops against the bending element 5. In this case, the sharp edge 21 of the punch-retainer 20 is pressed into the workpiece 4 and fixes it. Then, the workpiece 4 is bent along the non-rolled sides to the specified dimensions and the auxiliary template 9 is inserted, it is bent to the specified sizes, then the next auxiliary template 10 is inserted and bending is performed without removing the previously inserted auxiliary template 9, on which the next section of the workpiece 4 has already been bent, then the subsequent auxiliary template 11 is inserted and bending is performed without removing the template 9, 10, and so on until the bending of the workpiece 4 is completed, i.e. insert auxiliary patterns 9, 10, 11 sequentially one after another.

The number of helper patterns may vary. The working surfaces 12, 13, 14 of the auxiliary templates 9, 10, 11 are equidistant to the contour of the finished part 34 in contact with these auxiliary templates during bending.

At the end of bending, all auxiliary templates 9, 10, 11 / bent pipe / are removed, freeing the finished part 34, a curl is obtained. If it is necessary to manufacture a monogram, the workpiece is turned over and bent from the other side.

The bending process is repeated for processing the next workpiece 4. The bending element 5 is fixed against rotation by the latch 15 relative to the axis 6 and is mounted above the faceplate 7 with the possibility of regulation before the flexible, the strip 16 in the longitudinal direction, in the guide 17, which is mounted on the bed 18. The bending element 5 is fixed by a latch 15 to ensure the tension of the workpiece 4 when rubbing it on the bending element 5 without additional devices.

The tension of the workpiece 4 during friction against the bending element 5, fixed by the latch 15 during the manufacture of curls 36 and monograms 35 with a large number of turns / with a large bending angle /, is necessary to ensure more accurate repetition in finished parts 34 of the contour of the working surfaces of the auxiliary patterns 9, 10, 11. In the manufacture of curls 36 and monograms 35 with a small number of revolutions / with a small bending angle / the bending element 5 can rotate if the latch 15 is removed / the tension is not required /.

The device has a template 1 with a working surface 2 and a groove 3 for fixing the workpiece 4. The bending element 5 on the axis 6. The template 1 is rigidly mounted on the faceplate 7, on which there are holes 8 for installing auxiliary templates 9, 10, 11 with working surfaces 12, 13, 14, respectively, which are installed sequentially one after the other after bending the portion of the workpiece 4. In the wall 19 of the groove 3 of the template 1 is mounted a punch-retainer 20 with a sharp edge 21, which is pressed into the workpiece 4, fixing it during operation of the device. With the locking finger 22, it is possible to fix the position of the bending element 5 relative to the location of the workpiece 4 at the end of bending by inserting the locking finger 22 into one of the holes 23 in the strip 16 and the hole 24 in the guide 17, when setting up the device before bending.

Screws 25 connect the faceplate 7 rigidly to the drive 26. On the auxiliary templates 9, 10, 11, mounting fingers 27 are provided for installing auxiliary templates 9, 10, 11 on the faceplate 7 according to a predetermined and calculated bend of the workpiece 4 in the working position.

The ends of the workpiece 4 are flattened in a stamp 28, where there is a support 29, a matrix 30, a punch 33, a stop 31, a side stop 32. The support 29 is mounted on the matrix 30 in a horizontal position, and the workpiece 4 abuts against the stop 31 with its end, the side stop 32 prevents the rotation of the workpiece 4 in the horizontal plane, the matrix 30 and the punch 33 form the end of the workpiece 4.

A rolled preform / profile pipe / made of metal with high ductility, for example steel 10, square 10 mm, with a wall thickness of 1 mm, with tapered ends is inserted into groove 3 in template 1, holding the blank with your left hand so that groove 3 is deployed before bending element 5, so that it is convenient for the worker to insert the workpiece into the groove 3. With the left hand holding the workpiece 4 / with a fork, not shown /, the worker turns on the drive 26 with the right hand and rotates the faceplate 7 clockwise until the workpiece 4 hits the bending element 5. When turning the faceplate 7 in The edge of the workpiece 4 is pressed into the sharp edge 21, reliably fixing the workpiece 4 in the groove 3 until the end of bending. Bending is carried out sequentially in sections. Then, rotating the faceplate 7 clockwise, the workpiece 4 is wound on the working surface 2 of the template 1, then the auxiliary template 9 is inserted on the installation fingers 27 and in the same way the workpiece 4 is wound on the working surface 12 of the auxiliary template 9 by a predetermined angle or by the calculated number revolutions, without removing the auxiliary template 9, and continue to bend the workpiece 4, inserting the subsequent auxiliary template 10, then the auxiliary template 11, without removing the previous ones. The number of auxiliary templates depends on the bending angle of the workpiece 4, i.e. the number of revolutions by which the workpiece 4 should spin. The number of turns of the workpiece 4 is determined empirically for each product.

After the bending process is completed, the faceplate 7 stops and is rotated counterclockwise to disengage the finished part with the punch-retainer 20, remove the auxiliary templates 9, 10, 11 from the holes 8 in the faceplate 7, release the finished part 34 and remove it from the faceplate 7.

One after another, successively inserted auxiliary templates allow bending for two or more turns, 720 ° or more. The number of auxiliary templates depends on a given number of turns during bending and on the angle of bending, i.e. from the number of revolutions by which the workpiece 4 should be twisted. This extends the technological capabilities of the device. Ease of use and increased productivity is due to the simplicity of the device’s design and the smallest number of removable parts of the device compared to the prototype after the workpiece 4 has been finished, as well as the manufacture of monograms and curls of various sizes by replacing the tool kit / faceplate with a template and auxiliary templates, punch-clamp, bending element.

Technical and economic indicators

Technological capabilities are expanded due to the possibility of bending at an angle of more than 720 ° square, rectangular pipes, which are easier and cheaper to become square and strip of the same size, while labor productivity is increased several times in comparison with the prototype.

The quality is improved by eliminating corrugation, wrinkling. The use of hollow shaped pipes in the manufacture of curls, monograms, arches, gates, window grilles, luxury country furniture, as well as the absence of heating during processing, significantly save metal and electricity.

Claims (2)

1. A method of bending profile pipes, including bending the workpiece sequentially over the sections in the bending device, characterized in that before the flexible two opposite sides of the workpiece are rolled inward to a predetermined depth and configuration, then the bent end is flattened along the non-rolled sides, inserted into the groove of the bending device and bending on non-rolled sides. 2. A device for bending profile pipes, containing a template with a work surface and a groove for installing the workpiece, a bending element on the axis, characterized in that the template is mounted on a faceplate having holes for sequential installation of auxiliary templates one after another with working surfaces, the bending element is fixed relative to the axis of rotation from the latch and mounted above the faceplate with the ability to adjust the bar in the longitudinal direction in the guide mounted on the bed, and in the groove wall of the template mounted van punch-lock with a sharp edge for fixing the workpiece.

Images