RU2365436C1 - Device for cleaning of pipeline internal surface - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to devices for cleaning of hollow products, for instance, pipelines, from inside with the help of moving accessories and removal of deposits from pipeline cavity. Device comprises turbine with blades, head with shaft joined to it, on front part of shaft there is a tip arranged with cutting edges, and body with jet nozzles. Body is arranged in the form of cup with internal cavity filled with working agent, besides, nozzle is fixed in body with turbine installed on it, turbine blades are installed inside head, and discharge nozzle is located on nozzle with openings for pressurised working agent outlet to turbine blades, moreover, openings are arranged in head for working agent draining outside and washing of deposits.

EFFECT: expansion of technological resources due to variation of shaft rotations number, and also variation of device capacity and serviceability, higher operational reliability, durability, efficiency and also simplified maintenance, design and higher efficiency factor.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for cleaning hollow products, such as pipelines, from the inside using moving devices and removing deposits from the cavity of the pipelines. It is known "Device for removing deposits from the cavity of the pipeline", see the description of the author's certificate of the USSR No. 1484392, class. B08B 9/04, 1967, containing a complete housing with a nozzle for the working agent and an annular cavity with an elastic outer wall mounted in the housing along its axis with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the spool.

This device does not provide the removal of solid deposits, requiring significant mechanical forces. Insufficient reliability of the spool, difficult adjustment.

It is known "Device for cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline" described in the description of the author's certificate of the USSR No. 578123, class. B08B 9/04, 1977, made in the form of nozzles with jet nozzles, having a smaller tip with side and central nozzles. To increase the efficiency of cleaning, the device is equipped with a spool made in the form of a perforated sleeve and located inside the nozzle. The applied axial impacts by the tip do not have sufficient force to destroy deposits in the pipe due to the need to reverse the spool by transferring the working fluid to its opposite cavities.

With a small length of movement of the spool, the tip does not have time to acquire sufficient energy. Spool adjustment is difficult and its operation is not reliable enough.

The known device for cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline contains a tip with cutting edges mounted on a hollow shaft, on which a jet and a turbine chamber are located behind the tip, the latter of which has end walls with an axial hole for passage of the shaft and means for supplying a working medium connected to the turbine chamber . The device includes a housing 1 with rear jet nozzles 2. A sleeve 3 is connected to the housing 1 on the thread, into which the washers 4 and 5 are screwed to form a turbine chamber 6. A fitting 7 is screwed onto the sleeve 3 for connection with the working agent supply hose. Inside the device there is a hollow shaft 8 on which the blades of the turbine 9 and the support ring 10 are rigidly fixed. A tip 11 with cutting edges is mounted on the front of the hollow shaft 8 on the thread.

The device is equipped with an ejector nozzle 12 installed by its output nozzle in the axial hole of the washer 5 of the end wall from the supply side of the working agent. The ejector nozzle 12 is located coaxially with the hollow shaft 8 and is in communication with its internal cavity (channel) 13. In the washers 4 and 5, which are the end walls of the turbine chamber 6, holes 14 are made for the directed supply of the working agent, respectively, to the blades of the turbine 9 and to the reactive the chamber 15 formed by the cavity of the housing 1. The washer 4 is simultaneously the end wall of the turbine 6 and the reactive 15 chambers.

The tip 11 is made in the form of a replaceable head. Depending on the nature of the state and content of deposits in the cavity and on the inner surface of the pipeline, corresponding cutting elements are installed on the tip 11. The front part of the interchangeable head has an end mill 16 for destroying solid deposits in the pipe cavity; cone-shaped spiral knives 18 with a lateral cutting edge are fixed on the beam brackets 17 of the head for additional destruction of deposits and their transportation to the jet stream.

The tip 11, made in the form of a figured knife, the blades 19 of which are S-shaped with a bend in the middle part to obtain a longer cut line. Such a replaceable head is most effective for destroying loose and porous deposits, it has end and side cutting edges. But each interchangeable head of the tip 11 is certainly equipped with an eccentric vibrator 20 to give the device during its operation movement along a conical and cylindrical spiral when cleaning pipelines of different diameters.

The eccentric vibrator 20 is rigidly connected to the body of the tip 11. The hollow shaft 8 is made with an axial channel 13 for supplying a working agent to the zone of action of the cutting elements of the tip 1 for erosion of destructible deposits. On the back of the hollow shaft 8, a turbine 9 is rigidly mounted, the curly blades of which are in the form of a screw spiral. The hollow shaft 8 is mounted to rotate around its axis, its longitudinal movement is limited by the support ring 10 and the support socket of the washer 5.

The device is equipped with an ejector nozzle 12 installed by its output nozzle in the axial hole of the end wall (washer) 5 from the supply side of the working agent.

To perform work on cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline, the device using the nozzle 7 is connected to the supply hose of the working agent.

This device, see the invention of the USSR A.S. No. 1768336, B08B 9/14.

The main disadvantages of the device is the presence on the shaft in the turbine chamber of the screw. The screw cannot develop a large number of revolutions. The shaft has a longitudinal channel for supplying a working agent. During operation, the shaft constantly bends and fails.

A working agent, such as water, is supplied to the rear of the turbine chamber.

The turbine blades are screw-shaped. Water passing through the turbine chamber, rotating the turbine, pushes it forward. The turbine shaft rotates on radial bearings or bushings. With an increase in the supply of water to the turbine, the longitudinal force on the shaft increases, which leads to rapid wear of the support sleeves and radial bearings. For these reasons, the device is difficult constructively, inefficient and unreliable in operation.

The known device (see RF patent for utility model No. 4301) consists of the following main components and parts:

housing 1 with a jet chamber 2 and jet rear nozzles 3, a turbine chamber 4 with end walls 5 and 6, in which there are openings 7 for the directed supply of the working agent to the blades 11, 12 and into the reaction chamber 2 of the housing 1.

The device comprises a shaft 8, on the front of which a tip 9 with cutting edges 10 is installed. Two blades 11, 12 are rigidly fixed to the shaft 8 in the turbine chamber 4, the blades are welded to the shaft and deployed crosswise to each other, at an angle of 90 °.

The turbine chamber 4 has a fitting 13 for connection with a supply hose of the working agent.

The tip 9 is made in the form of a replaceable screw head.

The device has the following disadvantages:

- unreliable in work, because jet nozzles are located in front of the jet chamber, so the device is diverted into a fracture of the pipe being cleaned;

- it is difficult constructively since has a jet, turbine and pressure chamber;

- when working at high pressures of the working agent over 25 atm, the water stream feeds forward and seizes the shaft in the sleeve of the turbine chamber.

A device is known for cleaning the internal cavity of a pipeline, see RF patent No. 46687 for utility model, 7 MKI B08B 9/04.

The device consists of the following main components and parts:

Cases 1 with a reaction chamber 2 and jet nozzles 3, a turbine chamber 4, with a side wall 5 and a flange 6, in the wall 5 there are openings 7 for the directed supply of the working agent to the blades 11 and into the reaction chamber 2 of the housing 1. The turbine chamber is made in the form bare cylinder and installed inside the pressure chamber. The pressure chamber 12 is screwed onto the flange of the turbine chamber to form a cavity 17 for the working agent.

The device comprises a shaft 8, on the front of which a tip 9 with cutting edges 10 is mounted, on the shaft 8 in the turbine chamber 4 there are blades 11 made on the shaft along its axis of rotation.

The blades 11 can be made in relation to an imaginary plane 18, in which lies the axis of rotation of the shaft 8, at an angle α ranging from 0 ° to 90 °.

At the end of the pressure chamber 12 there is a nozzle 13 for connection with the supply hose of the working agent.

The tip 9 is made in the form of a replaceable screw head. Depending on the nature, condition and content of deposits in the cavity, an appropriate tip can be installed on the inner surface of the pipeline. The shaft 8 is installed in the bearing 15 and the sleeve 16.

To perform work on cleaning the internal cavity of the pipeline, the device is connected with a fitting 13 to the supply hose of a working agent, for example, water.

The device has the following disadvantages:

- jet nozzles are located in the front of the device in the housing, therefore, when the device passes a fault in the wall of the pipeline being cleaned under the influence of reactive traction created by an escaping agent from the nozzles of the housing, the device goes through the fault into the ground;

- the tip, which destroys deposits in the pipeline, rotates in front of the reaction chamber, which causes rapid abrasive wear of the reaction chamber;

- when operating at high pressures above 25 atm, the water stream feeds forward and wedges the shaft;

- the device is complicated by the presence of a jet, pressure and turbine chambers.

These shortcomings do not allow to achieve a technical result created by the proposed utility model.

A device is known, see patent R.F. for the utility model "Device for cleaning the internal cavity of the pipeline" No. 53943, publ. 06/10/2006 Bull. No. 16.

The device consists of the following components and parts: housing 1, jet nozzles 2, holes 3 in housing 1, turbine 4, connecting bolt 5, sleeve 6, shaft 7, blades 9, protective casing 10, holes 11 in the casing, pipe 12 on the turbine , fitting 14, cutting unit.

The housing 1 contains a cavity 15 for the working agent and a sleeve 6 on which a turbine 4 is mounted.

The device lacks a reactive, turbine and pressure chamber, existing in the counterparts of the patents for PM R.F. No. 43,201 pos. 2, 4, 12, No. 46687 pos. 2, 4, 12.

The holes 3 are inclined at an angle α to an imaginary plane passing through a horizontal center line, see section AA.

The blades 9 are conventionally not shown.

The turbine 4 is fixed on the end of the housing 1 with a bolt 5.

The bolt 5 and the sleeve 12 have a left-hand thread, therefore, during operation, the bolt 5 and the shaft 7 screwed onto the sleeve 12 are not unscrewed.

This device is taken as the closest analogue (prototype).

The prototype has the following disadvantages:

- along the length it cannot pass the bends of the cleaned pipeline of small diameter and is used only on straight sections of pipelines;

- when working in pipelines clogged with rags, threads, thin roots, they are wound on a cutting unit, which reduces performance, productivity;

- when working in pipelines completely clogged with enveloping fractions, such as clay, or in pipelines completely clogged with loose condensed fractions, the convex parts of the turbine 4 prevent the device from moving through the pipeline;

- the working agent (water) coming from the holes 3 on the blades 9 of the turbine 4, goes out through the holes 11 of the casing 10, which reduces productivity, since it does not contribute to erosion, dilution of blockages that are in front of the device, especially in heavily silted or abandoned pipelines ;

- the sleeve 6 is not protected from ingress of foreign fractions, which reduces the reliability and durability of the device;

- the housing 1 contains the reaction holes 2, drill the reaction holes 2 closer to the edge of the housing 1, in order to bring the working agent output closer to the inner surface of the pipeline being cleaned, and thus it is impossible to increase traction, since when drilling holes 2 they do not exit into cavity 15, but exit ;

- if necessary, increase or decrease the rotation force of the turbine 4, it is necessary to make a removable housing 1 with five or six holes 3, which is difficult and time-consuming;

- if nozzles 3 are clogged, to clean them, unscrew the shaft 7 with the head, unscrew the bolt 5, remove the turbine 4, clean the nozzles 3, unscrew the device from the hose and rinse the cavity 15 in the housing 1, which is a difficult operation;

- it is impossible to remove fouling on the inner walls of the pipeline, since in the prototype the turbine 4 is closed by a non-rotating casing 10.

These disadvantages do not allow to achieve a technical result created by the invention.

The task and the technical result of the invention is as follows:

- expanding the technological capabilities of the device by changing the number of revolutions of the shaft, as well as changing the power of the device, installing a replaceable pressure nozzle with the right number of holes to perform the necessary work;

- increase operational reliability, durability, performance;

- simplification of maintenance;

- simplification of the design;

- increase the efficiency of the device.

This was achieved due to new technical solutions that are in a causal relationship with the technical result.

The essence of the claimed invention is expressed in the aggregate of the following essential features.

In the already known device containing a turbine with blades, a head connected to it with a shaft, on the front of which a tip is installed, and also containing a housing with jet nozzles, distinctive from the prototype new significant features are the following:

- a nozzle is installed in the housing on which the turbine is installed;

- the specified head is screwed onto the turbine, while the turbine blades are placed inside the head;

- a replaceable pressure nozzle with openings is screwed onto the specified pipe with openings for outlet under the pressure of the working agent on the turbine blades;

- holes are made in the head for the output of the working agent out and erosion of blockages;

- a bearing is mounted on the nozzle on which the turbine is installed, as well as an oil seal and an packing washer which fixes the bearing in the turbine;

- the housing is made with an internal cavity in the form of a bowl with the location of the nozzles close to the outer diameter of the housing and its wall.

The definition of the prototype as the closest analogue made it possible to identify a set of features essential in relation to the technical result in the claimed device, which are set forth in the claims.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty" under the current law.

The search results show that the claimed invention does not follow explicitly from the prior art for a specialist, since the transformations prescribed by this invention, characterized by significant features distinctive from the prototype, aimed at achieving a technical result, have not been identified.

Therefore, the claimed solution meets the requirement of "inventive step".

The drawing shows a device for cleaning the internal cavity of the pipeline in section, schematically.

The device consists of the following components and parts.

In the housing 1 is fixed, for example screwed in, a pipe 19 having an internal cavity 15 into which a working agent, for example water, enters under pressure from the nozzle 14. A turbine 4 with blades 9 is installed on the nozzle 15. The head 16 is fastened, for example, to the screw 16. The bolt 5 present in the prototype is excluded. The blades 9 are located inside the head 16, which protects the blades from external influences. Thus, there is no need for a casing 10, which is present in the prototype. This achieves such a technical result as improving the operational reliability and durability of the device. In the prototype, the turbine blades 9 are not protected from small particles that enter through the holes 11 in the casing 10 in the prototype.

The head 16 contains a shaft 7 with a tip 8 and cutting edges 13. Carbide inserts are mounted on the head 16. For example, a pressure nozzle 5 with holes 3 is fastened to the nozzle 15, with holes 3 through which the working agent enters the blades 9. The prototype has nozzles clogged 3, in order to clean them, it is necessary to unscrew the shaft 7, unscrew the bolt 5, remove the turbine 4, unscrew the device from the hose and rinse the cavity 15.

In the present invention, in order to clean the holes 3 in the pressure nozzle 5, you need to unscrew the head 16, unscrew the pressure nozzle 5 by the hexagon 17, turn on the cavity 15 in the housing 1 and clean the holes 3. There is no need to remove the turbine and unscrew the device from the hose. This has achieved such a technical result as simplifying the design and simplifying maintenance.

In the prototype, bearing 6 is not protected, so it quickly wears out, loosens and fails. In the present invention, the bearing is protected by an oil seal 12 and a washer 22, which fixes the bearing in the turbine. Bearing 6 can be both rolling and sliding in the form of a sleeve or bushings.

The device operates as follows.

For the hexagon 18, the device is fixed in the fitting 14. The working agent under pressure of 150 atmospheres from the fitting 14 enters the housing 1 and the cavity 15, through the holes 3 in the pressure nozzle 5 on the blades 9, driving the turbine 4, head 16, shaft 7 with a tip 8. Breaking out through the jet nozzles 2 in the housing 1, the working agent creates a jet thrust and propels the device forward. Due to improvements in the design of the housing 1, made in the form of a bowl with an internal cavity 24 filled with a working agent, and the location of the jet nozzles 2 close to the outer diameter and side wall 23 of the housing, the thrust increased, since jet jets from the nozzles 2 began to repel from the walls cleaned pipeline, the device has become easier. This has achieved such a technical result as simplification and lightening of the structure and increasing the efficiency of the device.

Pressure nozzles 5 are made with a different number of holes 3. Depending on how many shaft revolutions, power and productivity you need to get, screw the pressure nozzle with the corresponding number of holes. In the prototype, in order to change the number of revolutions of the shaft, it is necessary to grind a new housing 1.

This has achieved such a technical result as the expansion of technological capabilities, ease of maintenance and configuration.

The rotating tip with its cutting edges 13 separates hard and dense deposits, and the working agent flowing out at high speed and under great pressure from the holes 11 and nozzles 2 erodes the destroyed deposits, which are dispersed by the working agent jets and transported through the pipe being cleaned. Carbide inserts 10 mounted on the rotating head 16 contribute to the destruction of the remaining blockages.

On the lateral rotating surfaces of the turbine 4 and head 16, if necessary, a nozzle 20 with carbide elements 21 can be installed. The nozzle 20 is designed to clean the inner walls of pipelines.

This achieves such a technical result as the expansion of technological capabilities. It is impossible to perform such work with the prototype, since its turbine 4 is closed by a non-rotating casing 10.

Compared with similar devices for cleaning pipelines, the claimed device does not have "capricious" spools with their reversibility for the movement of the working tip, with the need to remove it from the "dead" position and the associated loss of power.

The claimed device can be used for cleaning underground and surface sewers and other piping systems for cleaning pipes from soot, scale and other deposits. The device is especially effective for cleaning heavily clogged, unused and overgrown sewers for a long time.

On the claimed device made working drawings, made and tested a prototype. Tests have shown high efficiency in cleaning long-inactive sewer pipelines. Productivity increased by 5%. Reliability increased, friction coefficient decreased, efficiency increased.

The device operates in a wide pressure range from 30 to 200 atm.

Claims (3)

1. A device for cleaning the internal cavity of the pipeline, containing a turbine with blades, a head connected to it with a shaft, on the front of which a tip with cutting edges is mounted, and also containing a housing with jet nozzles, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a bowl with an internal cavity filled with a working agent, while a nozzle with a turbine mounted on it is fixed in the housing, the turbine blades are located inside the head, and a pressure nozzle with openings for outlet for leniem working fluid to the turbine blades, wherein a head provided with openings for the exit of working agent outwards and erosion sediments. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a bearing is mounted on said nozzle, on which a turbine is installed, and a stuffing box and an packing washer are installed that fixes the bearing in the turbine. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure nozzle on the nozzle is screwed.

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