RU2405635C2 - Device to clean pipeline inner space - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cleaning of hollow articles, for example pipelines from inside with the help of moving appliances and removing sediments therefrom. Proposed device comprises working member fitted on the shaft and arranged in head screwed together with union. Said union comprises perforated bottom for working agent to penetrate through.

EFFECT: simplified design, higher reliability, ease of manufacture, servicing and repair.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for cleaning hollow products, such as pipelines, from the inside using moving devices and removing deposits from the cavity of the pipelines. It is known "Device for removing deposits from the cavity of the pipeline", see the description of the author's certificate of the USSR No. 1484392, Cl. B08B 9/04/1987, containing a complete housing with a nozzle for the working agent and an annular cavity with an elastic outer wall mounted in the housing along its axis with the possibility of reciprocating movement of the spool.

This “Device” does not provide for the removal of solid deposits, requiring significant mechanical forces. Insufficient reliability of the spool, difficult adjustment.

It is known "Device for cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline" described in the description of the author's certificate of the USSR No. 578123, Cl. B08B 9/04, 1977, made in the form of nozzles with jet nozzles, having a smaller tip with side and central nozzles. To increase the cleaning efficiency, the “device” is equipped with a spool made in the form of a perforated sleeve and located inside the nozzle. The applied axial impacts by the tip do not have sufficient force to destroy deposits in the pipe due to the need to reverse the spool by transferring the working fluid to its opposite cavities.

With a small length of movement of the spool, the tip does not have time to acquire sufficient energy. Spool adjustment is difficult and its operation is not reliable enough.

The known device for cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline contains a tip with cutting edges mounted on a hollow shaft, on which a jet and a turbine chamber are located behind the tip, the latter of which has end walls with an axial hole for passage of the shaft and means for supplying a working medium connected to the turbine chamber . The device includes a housing 1 with rear jet nozzles 2. A sleeve 3 is connected to the housing 1 on the thread, into which the washers 4 and 5 are screwed to form a turbine chamber 6. A pin 7 is screwed onto the sleeve 3 for connection with the working agent supply hose. Inside the device there is a hollow shaft 8 on which the blades of the turbine 9 and the support ring 10 are rigidly fixed. A tip 11 with cutting edges is mounted on the front of the hollow shaft 8 on the thread.

The device is equipped with an ejector nozzle 12 installed by its output nozzle in the axial hole of the washer 5 of the end wall from the supply side of the working agent. The ejector nozzle 12 is located coaxially with the hollow shaft 8 and is in communication with its internal cavity (channel) 13. In the washers 4 and 5, which are the end walls of the turbine chamber 6, holes 14 are made for the directed supply of the working agent, respectively, to the blades of the turbine 9 and into the reaction chamber 15 formed by the cavity of the housing 1. The washer 4 is simultaneously the end wall of the turbine 6 and reactive 15 chambers.

The tip 11 is made in the form of a replaceable head. Depending on the nature of the state and content of deposits in the cavity and on the inner surface of the pipeline, corresponding cutting elements are installed on the tip 11. A replaceable head, the front part of which has an end mill 16 for destroying solid deposits in the pipe cavity, cone-shaped spiral knives 18 with a lateral cutting edge are fixed on the beam brackets 17 of the head for additional destruction of deposits and their transportation to the jet stream.

The tip 11, made in the form of a figured knife, the blades 19 of which are S-shaped with a bend in the middle part to obtain a longer cut line. Such a replaceable head is most effective for destroying loose and porous deposits, it has end and side cutting edges. But each interchangeable head of the tip 11 is certainly equipped with an eccentric vibrator 20 to give the device during its operation movement along a conical and cylindrical spiral when cleaning pipelines of different diameters.

The eccentric vibrator 20 is rigidly connected to the body of the tip 11. The hollow shaft 8 is made with an axial channel 13 for supplying a working agent to the area of action of the cutting elements of the tip 1 for erosion of destructible deposits. On the back of the hollow shaft 8, a turbine 9 is rigidly mounted, the curly blades of which are in the form of a screw spiral. The hollow shaft 8 is mounted to rotate around its axis, its longitudinal movement is limited by the support ring 10 and the support socket of the washer 5.

The device is equipped with an ejector nozzle 12 installed by its output nozzle in the axial hole of the end wall (washer) 5 from the supply side of the working agent.

To perform work on cleaning the inner surface of the pipeline, the device using the nozzle 7 is connected to the supply hose of the working agent.

This device: see the invention of the USSR No. 1768336 B08B 9/14.

The main disadvantages of the device is the presence on the shaft in the turbine chamber of the screw. The screw cannot develop a large number of revolutions. The shaft has a longitudinal channel for supplying a working agent. During operation, the shaft constantly bends and fails.

A working agent, such as water, is supplied to the rear of the turbine chamber.

The turbine blades are screw-shaped. Water passing through the turbine chamber, rotating the turbine, pushes it forward. The turbine shaft rotates on radial bearings or bushings. With an increase in the supply of water to the turbine, the longitudinal force on the shaft increases, which leads to rapid wear of the support sleeves and radial bearings. For these reasons, the device is difficult structurally inefficient and unreliable in operation.

The known device (see RF patent for utility model No. 43201) consists of the following main components and parts: housing 1 with a jet chamber 2 and jet rear nozzles 3, a turbine chamber 4, with end walls 5 and 6, in which there are openings 7 for directed supply of the working agent to the blades 11, 12 and into the reaction chamber 2 of the housing 1.

The device comprises a shaft 8, on the front of which a tip 9 with cutting edges 10 is installed. Two blades 11, 12 are rigidly fixed to the shaft 8 in the turbine chamber 4, the blades are welded to the shaft and deployed crosswise to each other, at an angle of 90 °.

The turbine chamber 4 has a fitting 13 for connection with a supply hose of the working agent.

The tip 9 is made in the form of a replaceable screw head.

The device has the following disadvantages:

- not reliable in operation, as jet nozzles are located in front of the jet chamber, so the device is diverted into a fracture of the pipe being cleaned;

- difficult structurally, because has a jet, turbine and pressure chamber;

- when working at high pressures of the working agent over 25 atm, the water flow feeds forward and wedges the shaft in the sleeve of the turbine chamber;

- the complexity of the design containing the turbine chamber 4:

- the fragility of the structure;

- rapid wear of the bushings due to the pressure of the shaft on the bushings, because during operation, the agent moves the shaft in the axial direction;

- loss of power due to the location of the blades 14 with respect to the holes 7 at an inefficient angle of 45 °;

- enlarged dimensions that do not allow cornering in small pipe diameters.

A device for cleaning is known, see patent DE 4328744, 1994, in which the working body is located on the shaft and placed in the head. The head is screwed with a fitting. A washer with holes for the passage of the working agent is installed between the fitting and the head. The working body can be made in the form of blades or in the form of a helical gear. This device is taken as a prototype.

The prototype has the following disadvantages:

- structurally complicated, as it contains a washer;

- assembly and repair work is complicated, since it is necessary to unscrew the fitting, and then the washer, which increases the repair downtime.

The technical result and the task are as follows:

- simplified design;

- reduced the cost of the device;

- the manufacturability of the device has been increased, since manufacturing, as well as assembly and repair work has been simplified, reliability has been increased, and the time to bring the device to a stop has been reduced.

This was achieved due to new technical solutions that are in a causal relationship with the technical result.

In the already known device for cleaning the internal cavity of the pipeline, which contains a working body located on the shaft and placed in the head. The head is screwed with a fitting. A distinctive feature of the prototype is the fact that the fitting contains a bottom with holes for the passage of the working agent.

The above set of essential features in comparison with the prior art allows us to conclude that the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty." At the same time, the totality of the distinguishing features leading to the solution of the problem and the technical result clearly does not follow from the prior art, therefore, the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step"

Figure 1 shows the device in longitudinal section, schematically, as an example of using the present invention, when the working body 7 is made in the form of blades 8 mounted on the shaft 6, the tip is conditionally not shown.

Figure 2 - the device in longitudinal section, schematically, as an example of the use of the invention, when the working body 7 is made in the form of a helical gear, the tip is conditionally not shown.

A device for cleaning the internal cavity of the pipeline (hereinafter referred to as the device) consists of the following main components and parts:

The head 1 with nozzles 2 is screwed onto the fitting 3, the fitting 3 contains a bottom 4 with holes 5 for the passage of the working agent. The fitting and bottom are made as a single part. On the shaft 6 there is a working body 7 with blades 8, the working body can be made in the form of a helical gear 9 (see the example of figure 2), the working body 7 can have other designs.

The shaft 6 is mounted on the bushings 10 in the head 1 and in the bottom 4 of the fitting 3. The shaft 6 can also be mounted on the bearings 11 (see the example of figure 2). The holes 12 in the head 1 are designed for erosion of removed contaminants.

The device operates as follows.

The working agent under pressure from the nozzle 3 through the holes 5 enters the blades 8 of the working body 7 or the helical gear 9 (see the example of figure 2), driving the shaft 6 with a tip (not shown conventionally). This achieves a technical result that is absent in the indicated analogs and consists in simplifying the design since there is no washer, thus manufacturability and reliability are improved, assembly and repair work are simplified, and the time to bring the device to a stop is reduced.

Breaking out through nozzles 2 or nozzles 13 (see the example of figure 2), the working agent creates a jet thrust and propels the device forward. The rotating tip separates hard and dense deposits with its cutting edges, and the flowing out agent with high speed and high pressure from nozzles 2 or 13 (see example of FIG. 2) and hole 12 erodes the destroyed deposits, which are driven off and transformed by jet streams to be cleaned the pipe.

Compared with similar devices for cleaning pipelines, the claimed device does not have "capricious" spools with their reversibility for the movement of the working tip, with the need to remove it from the "dead" position and the associated loss of power.

The claimed device can be used for cleaning underground and surface sewers and other piping systems for cleaning pipes from soot, scale and other deposits. The device is especially effective for cleaning heavily clogged, long-term unused and overgrown sewers.

On the claimed device made working drawings, made and tested a prototype. Tests have shown high efficiency in cleaning long-term inactive sewer pipelines, reliability has increased.

The device operates in a wide pressure range from 30 to 200 atm.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning the internal cavity of the pipeline, containing a working body located on the shaft and placed in the head, the head being screwed with a fitting, characterized in that the fitting contains a bottom with holes for the passage of the working agent.

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