RU2364524C1 - Method of electric power supply to vehicle loads and system to this end - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: proposed system DC power supply source features two voltage levels, i.e. low voltage level and high voltage level, produced by three-phase generator with two output windings. Variable voltage from the generator two output windings is rectified. In operation DC loads are supplied with low-level constant voltage, while VC loads are supplied with high-level voltage. Note here that low-level voltage is increased by reversible independent converter to feed it, via inverter, to VC loads. In stationary conditions variable voltage coming from stationary VC circuit is rectified and fed to VC loads before its inversion. Rectified voltage is fed to independent converter to reduce voltage level for it to be fed to DC loads. Proposed system comprises DC power supply to feed two-level voltage, VC stationary circuit, inverter, rectifier and reversible independent converter. ^ EFFECT: higher reliability and efficiency. ^ 4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electrical equipment of vehicles.

A known system of power supply to consumers on a vehicle (TS), containing a DC power source, the output of which is connected to the DC consumers of the TS, a stationary alternating current network and an autonomous AC power source, designed for alternative power supply of alternating current consumers of the TS in stationary and operational vehicle modes, as well as a transformer and a switching switch (RU 2168435 C2, 06/10/2001).

The well-known power supply system of consumers on a vehicle implements a method according to which DC consumers of a vehicle are supplied with a direct current power source, and alternatively use a stationary alternating current network or an autonomous AC power source for supplying alternating current consumers in the stationary and operational modes of the vehicle.

The disadvantages of the specified method and system of power supply to consumers on the vehicle are:

- when using a multi-stage inverter with an increase in amplitude voltage as the main link of an autonomous AC power source, failure of elements of any of the cascades, for example power modules or control circuits, leads to a loss of power to AC consumers;

- the transformer is used only for power supply from a stationary alternating current network;

- when the vehicle is moving, energy conversion for supplying AC consumers is carried out sequentially through the stages of the inverter, and therefore all its power elements must be designed for the full conversion power.

The closest is the method of power supply to consumers on a vehicle, according to which, in the operational mode of operation, the power of DC consumers is produced from a direct current source, and the power of AC consumers is produced from the same direct current source, the constant voltage of which is converted to variable by inversion, in stationary mode AC power consumers are powered by a stationary AC network, and DC consumers are powered th current produced by a stationary AC, AC voltage is reduced by transformation and converted into a permanent (RU 2301156 C1, 20.06.2007).

The closest is a vehicle power supply system containing a direct current power source connected to direct current consumers, a stationary alternating current network, an inverter capable of converting direct voltage to alternating current and connected to alternating current consumers, a first rectifier and an alternating current power source ( RU 2301156 C1, 06.20.2007).

The well-known power supply system of consumers on a vehicle implements a method according to which consumers of direct current are supplied from a direct current power source, and alternatively use a stationary alternating current network or an autonomous AC power source for supplying alternating current consumers in stationary and operational modes of the vehicle.

The limitations of the known method and system of power supply to consumers on the vehicle are:

- when in the operational mode, as the main power source of AC consumers, only an autonomous DC power source is used, its failure results in loss of power to AC consumers;

- in the operational mode, the energy is supplied to AC consumers only through cascades of converting devices (autonomous energy source, inverters), therefore their power elements must be designed for the full conversion power;

- there is no galvanic isolation between the DC network and AC consumers, which is necessary to ensure safety conditions.

The system is quite complex, has large dimensions and weight.

The problem solved by the invention is the improvement of technical and operational characteristics.

The technical result that can be obtained by implementing the method is to increase reliability, efficiency.

The technical result that can be obtained by performing the system of the invention is to increase reliability and improve overall dimensions.

To solve the problem with the achievement of the specified technical result in a known method of power supply to consumers in a vehicle, in which in operational mode the power supply of direct current consumers is produced from a direct current source, and the supply of alternating current consumers is produced from the same direct current source, whose constant voltage transform into variable by inversion, in a stationary mode of operation, the power of consumers of alternating current is produced from a stationary alternating current network, and the DC consumers are supplied from a stationary alternating current network, the alternating voltage of which is reduced and converted to direct, according to the invention, the direct current power supply is performed with two voltage levels - a low voltage level and a high voltage level, for which a three-phase a generator with two output windings, and the alternating voltage from its two output windings is rectified, in the operational mode of operation by a constant voltage of low The ram feeds consumers of direct current, and high voltage - consumers of alternating current, while additionally low voltage is increased by an autonomous converter made reversible, and this additional constant voltage is supplied to consumers of alternating current before it is inverted, in stationary operation, the alternating voltage from stationary AC networks rectify and supply rectified voltage to AC consumers until it is inverted, and at the same time it is rectified ennoe voltage is applied to standalone converter, which lowers the level of the rectified voltage, and fed it to the consumers DC.

An additional variant of the method is possible, in which it is advisable that in the operational mode the high-level voltage from the direct current power source is lowered by an autonomous converter and the reduced voltage is supplied to direct current consumers.

To solve the problem with the achievement of the specified technical result in a well-known power supply system for consumers on a vehicle, containing a DC power source connected to DC consumers, a stationary AC network, an inverter that converts DC voltage to AC and connected to AC consumers, the first rectifier and an AC power source, according to the invention introduced a stand-alone converter, made reversible and designed to convert a low voltage level to a high voltage level and vice versa, a second rectifier and a third rectifier, while the DC power source is made of an AC power source in the form of a three-phase generator with two output windings to form two voltage levels - low level and a high level, and from the second rectifier and the third rectifier connected, respectively, to its output windings, the second rectifier to the low output winding voltage level, and the third rectifier to the output winding of a high voltage level, while the output of the DC power source with a low voltage level is connected to DC consumers and to the first low-voltage input / output of a stand-alone converter, which is connected to DC consumers, and the output of the DC power source with a high voltage level is connected to the inverter input, the first rectifier is connected to a stationary AC network, and its output and the second stroke / high level output voltage auxiliary converter are combined and connected to the input of the inverter.

An additional embodiment of the device is possible, in which it is advisable that the stand-alone converter be made of a transformer, a second inverter and a third inverter, while the input / output of the second inverter serves as the first input / output of a low voltage level of the stand-alone converter, the second inverter is configured to convert DC voltage into alternating current and vice versa and is connected by an electric circuit for transmitting AC voltage to the step-down winding of the transformer, and the third inverter under oedinen electrical alternating voltage to the transmission circuit and the step-up transformer configured to convert AC to DC or vice versa, the input / output of the third inverter serves as the second input / output of the high-level auxiliary voltage converter.

These advantages, as well as features of the invention are illustrated by the best option for its implementation with reference to the accompanying drawing.

The drawing shows a functional diagram of the claimed system.

Since the claimed method is implemented during the operation of the system, its essence will be disclosed in the description section of the device.

The power supply system of consumers on the vehicle (see drawing) contains a DC power supply 1 connected to DC consumers 2. Stationary AC network 3 is designed to power consumers 4 AC and consumers 2 DC in stationary mode. The inverter 5 provides the conversion of direct voltage to alternating current and is connected to consumers 4 of alternating current. The system also includes a first rectifier 6 and an AC power source 7.

A self-contained converter 8 is introduced into the system, made reversible and designed to convert a low voltage level to a high voltage level and vice versa, a second rectifier 9 and a third rectifier 10. The DC power supply 1 is made from an AC power source 7 in the form of a three-phase generator (subcar) with two output windings for the formation of two voltage levels - a low level and a high level, and from the second rectifier 9 and one third connected respectively to its output windings its rectifier 10. The second rectifier 9 is connected to the output winding of a low voltage level, and the third rectifier 10 is connected to the output winding of a high voltage level. The output of the low-voltage DC power supply 1 is connected to the DC consumers 2 and to the first low-voltage input / output of the autonomous converter 8. The first low-voltage input / output of the autonomous converter 8 is also connected to the DC consumers 2. The output of the high voltage DC power source 1 is connected to the input of the inverter 5. The first rectifier 6 is connected to the stationary AC network 3, and its output and the second high voltage input / output of the autonomous converter 8 are combined and connected to the input of the inverter 5.

Stand-alone Converter 8 can be performed in a structurally different way. For simplicity of the device, it can be made of a transformer 11, a second inverter 12 and a third inverter 13. The input / output of the second inverter 12 serves as the first input / output of the low voltage level of the autonomous converter 8. The second inverter 12 (reversible) is configured to convert DC voltage to alternating and vice versa and is connected by an alternating voltage transmission electric circuit to a step-down winding of a transformer 11. A third inverter 13 (also reversible) is connected by an alternating electric transmission circuit voltage to the boost winding of the transformer 11 and is configured to convert AC to DC and vice versa. The input / output of the third inverter 13 serves as the second input / output of a high voltage level of the autonomous converter 8.

Consumers 2 of direct current can include a rechargeable battery (AB) operating in various modes as a consumer and a source of electrical energy.

The stationary AC network 3, the inverter 5 and the first rectifier 6 can be made in single-phase and three-phase versions.

The consumer power supply system operates on the vehicle (see drawing) as follows.

The functioning of the power supply system of consumers 2, 4 in the operating mode of the vehicle is as follows.

Consumers 2 DC power supply of the vehicle directly from the output with a low voltage source 1 power DC. If necessary (failure, overload of individual circuit elements), this power can also be supplied from the output with a high voltage level of source 1 through an autonomous converter 8.

To power consumers 4 of alternating current in the operating mode of operation of the vehicle when the stationary network 3 is disconnected, an output with a high level of voltage of a direct current source 1 and an autonomous converter 8 are used (separately or jointly). The invention provides for the organization in operational mode of two parallel flows of energy transfer from a direct current source 1 (two-level) to direct current consumers 2 and 4 alternating current consumers, and a part of the energy to alternating current consumers 4 from source 1 can be transmitted through an autonomous converter 8.

In the stationary mode of operation of the vehicle, the operation of the power supply system is performed without using source 1. The AC voltage of the stationary network 3 is sequentially converted by the first rectifier 6, an autonomous converter 8 and supplied to consumers 2 of direct current, and also through rectifier 6, inverter 5 to consumers 4 of alternating current.

Thus, the described system implements the following method of power supply to consumers on a vehicle:

- in the operational mode of operation, the power of direct current consumers is produced from a direct current source, and the power of alternating current consumers is produced from the same direct current source, the direct voltage of which is converted into alternating voltage by inversion;

- in a stationary mode of operation, the power of the consumers of alternating current is produced from a stationary network of alternating current, and the power of consumers of direct current is produced from a stationary network of alternating current, the alternating voltage of which is reduced by transformation and converted into constant;

- the DC power supply is performed with two voltage levels - a low voltage level and a high voltage level, for which a three-phase generator with two output windings is used, and an alternating voltage from its two output windings is rectified;

- in the operational mode of operation, low-voltage constant voltage is supplied to direct current consumers, and high-level voltage is supplied to alternating current consumers, while additionally, low-level voltage is increased by an autonomous converter made reversible, and this additional direct voltage is supplied to alternating current consumers before it is inverted;

- in the stationary mode of operation, the alternating voltage from the stationary alternating current network is rectified and the rectified voltage is supplied to the alternating current consumers until it is inverted, and at the same time this rectified voltage is supplied to the stand-alone converter, which reduces the level of the rectified voltage, and it is supplied to the direct current consumers.

In addition, in the operational mode, a high level voltage from a DC power source can be lowered by an autonomous converter and a low voltage can be applied to DC consumers.

In practical terms, the claimed system (see drawing) operates as follows.

When the vehicle is parked, for example, a train, consumers 2, 4 are powered from the car battery (AB). The generator of the AC power source 7 does not work, the stationary network 3 (external network) takes place only in the sump of the cars. Consumers 2 constant voltage receive power directly from the battery, and to power consumers 4 AC uses an autonomous converter 8 and inverter 5. Since the energy potential of the battery is limited, power consumers 4 AC is produced to a minimum. Usually this is only ventilation, therefore, the calculated power of the stand-alone converter 8 for the ventilation mode is small.

When driving, starting at a certain speed (usually 20-25 km / h), DC power consumers 2, including the battery charge, are supplied from the generator (subcar) of the source 7 through the second rectifier 9. Simultaneously from the second higher-voltage winding of the three-phase generator of the source 7 AC power through the third rectifier 10 and inverter 5 are powered by consumers 4 AC. It is also possible in principle to transfer energy from a source 7 through a second rectifier 9, a direct current network, an autonomous converter 8 and an inverter 5. This channel is used to equalize the load of the windings of a three-phase generator of a source 7, but in this case too, an autonomous converter 8 is loaded TDP is low. The main flow of energy from source 1 to consumers 4 of alternating current goes directly, bypassing stand-alone converter 8. If the low-voltage winding of a three-phase generator of source 7 of a generator is fully loaded, energy to consumers 2 of direct current can be transferred from the second (high-voltage) winding of a three-phase generator of source 7 through the third rectifier 10, i.e. from the output of source 1 with a high voltage level and through an autonomous converter 8. In the wagons currently in operation, due to the absence of a second winding on the generator, any transfer of energy from the generator or the battery to consumers 4 of alternating current occurs only through the autonomous converter 8, increasing losses, worsening overall dimensions and the cost of this standalone converter 8.

In the operation mode from the external network (in the car sump), the three-phase voltage of 380 V of the stationary network 3 is rectified by the first rectifier 6 and is supplied to consumers 4 of alternating current through an inverter 5, and through consumers through an autonomous converter 8 it is limited to 2 direct current consumers, and the energy consumption of the latter is limited.

The technical result in the operational mode of operation, namely a reduction compared with analogues of the cascades of transformations, increased efficiency, reliability, improved overall dimensions of the power supply system is achieved through the use of a three-phase generator (subcar) with two output windings and due to the general construction of the circuit.

The second high-voltage output winding of the three-phase generator of the source 7 is performed at any desired voltage value. With the expansion of the range of consumers, the system of these windings can be more than two. There is no need for additional conversion (as a rule, of a more technically difficult increase in voltage) of energy to power 4 AC consumers. Autonomous converter 8 is performed at a significantly lower installed power and is used as auxiliary. Therefore, the volume of the conversion equipment, the losses in it are less (in the real measurement for a specific power supply system for passenger cars, 1.5-2 times). Installed power and overall dimensions of a three-phase generator with two output windings of source 7 are practically unchanged compared to a conventional single-winding machine. The ability to reserve power for all consumers 2, 4 (and therefore, increase the reliability of power supply to consumers 2, 4) is provided by the claimed ring functional diagram shown in the drawing.

Those skilled in the art will understand that the functional diagram described above can be supplemented by various technical means known from the prior art, and the proposed technical solution is not limited to the above-described specific embodiment of the invention, the essence of which is depicted by independent claims.

The most successfully claimed method of power supply to consumers on a vehicle and a system for its implementation are industrially applicable when operating equipment of passenger cars with autonomous power supply.

Claims (4)

1. A method of power supply to consumers on a vehicle, according to which, in the operational mode of operation, the power of direct current consumers is produced from a direct current source, and the power of alternating current consumers is produced from the same direct current source, the direct voltage of which is converted into alternating current by inversion, in a stationary mode of operation AC consumers are powered from a stationary AC network, and DC consumers are powered from a stationary alternating current network, the alternating voltage of which is reduced and converted to direct, characterized in that the DC power supply is performed with two voltage levels - a low voltage level and a high voltage level, for which a three-phase generator with two output windings is used, and the alternating voltage with its two output windings are rectified; in the operational mode of operation, constant voltage of a low level is supplied to DC consumers, and a high level voltage is supplied to consumers alternating current, while additionally low-voltage is increased by an autonomous converter made reversible, and this additional direct voltage is supplied to AC consumers before it is inverted, in stationary operation, the AC voltage from the stationary AC network is rectified and the rectified voltage is supplied to AC consumers current before it is inverted, and at the same time this rectified voltage is supplied to an autonomous converter, which lowers the level of yamlennogo voltage and supply it to users DC. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the operational mode, the high level voltage from the direct current power source is lowered by an autonomous converter and low voltage is supplied to the direct current consumers. 3. A vehicle power supply system comprising a DC power source connected to direct current consumers, a stationary alternating current network, an inverter capable of converting direct voltage to alternating current and connected to alternating current consumers, a first rectifier and an alternating current power source the fact that introduced an autonomous converter made reversible and designed to convert a low voltage level to high ur voltage level and vice versa, the second rectifier and the third rectifier, while the DC power source is made from an AC power source in the form of a three-phase generator with two output windings to form two voltage levels - a low level and a high level, and connected respectively to its output the windings of the second rectifier and the third rectifier, the second rectifier to the output winding of a low voltage level, and the third rectifier to the output winding of a high voltage level, at this output of the DC power source with a low voltage level is connected to the DC consumers and to the first input / output of the low voltage level of the autonomous converter, which is connected to the DC consumers, and the output of the DC power source with a high voltage level is connected to the inverter input, the first the rectifier is connected to a stationary AC network, and its output and the second input / output of a high voltage level of an autonomous converter are combined and connected to the inverter input. 4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that the autonomous converter is made of a transformer, a second inverter and a third inverter, while the input / output of the second inverter serves as the first input / output of a low voltage level of the autonomous converter, the second inverter is configured to convert DC voltage into alternating current and vice versa, and is connected by an alternating voltage transmission electric circuit to a step-down winding of a transformer, and the third inverter is connected by an alternating voltage electric transmission circuit to maskers to boosting transformer and configured to convert AC to DC or vice versa, the input / output of the third inverter serves as the second input / output of the high-level auxiliary voltage converter.