RU2334348C1 - Undercarriage device for power supply of passenger railroad carriage - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity; transportation.

SUBSTANCE: undercarriage device can be connected to an external network ~380V, and also contains either a contact socket for connection to the three-phase generator ~380V with a drive from the wheel pairs, or a high-voltage converter connected to the main train high-voltage network with a voltage of =/~1500-3000 V. The device contains a low-frequency power three-phase transformer connected with the device of connection of primary winding to an external network of an alternating current, and has two secondary windings on different voltage. There is also a converting block with two independent pairs of input-output, a storage battery, terminals for the connection of the carriage consumers of direct current and the static semi-conductor converter, which consists of the increasing converter of constant voltage and some inverters with incorporated inputs and independent outputs - for the connection of the carriage users of alternating current, grounding, or non-standard constant voltage. One output of the converting block is connected to the storage battery, the terminals for the connection of the carriage users of direct current and to the increasing converter. The converting block can consist of two bridge semi-conductor rectifiers or a bridge semi-conductor rectifier and a reversible converter. The reversible converter is executed in the form of the three-brachial diode-transistor bridge scheme in which in parallel to each diode, connected in the forward direction, is connected the transistor, connected in the opposite direction. The base of the transistors is governed by the pulses with the frequency of 50 Hz with displacement for each arm on 2/3π ensuring the functioning of the reversible converter in the opposite direction to transform constant voltage - into alternating, with a frequency of 50 Hz.

EFFECT: guarantee of galvanic decoupling on the feeding of the carriage users direct and alternating current.

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Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The subcar power supply device of a passenger carriage refers to devices intended for use in power supply systems of railway transport, namely, to convert the input energy of direct or alternating current to the output energy of the required type in relation to passenger cars of increased comfort. The device can ensure the normal functioning of all electrical appliances and devices intended for operation in a railway carriage, regardless of the source of external energy (whether it is a train high-voltage line, an external AC network or its own carriage driven by a wheel drive).

State of the art

Power supply devices for passenger cars, especially of increased comfort, provide for the provision of appropriate power for a number of electrical consumer devices.

For example, from the Internet (the site http://dvrb.com.ua) it is known that the carriage of the modernized passenger compartment car is known. On this car it is planned to install:

- monoblock air conditioner manufactured by "FAVELES" France;

- a set of equipment for an environmentally friendly toilet VTBN produced by the concern "VagonSystem", Russia;

- fire alarm system "Prometheus-2";

- video surveillance system (monitor and two video cameras);

- information display T1 82M;

- light indication of toilet occupancy;

- call system guide for the compartment;

- lamps of transitional areas;

- luminaires with autonomous converters;

- electric stove "Khortytsa 6" (boiler room).

The power supply system of the car is supplied from the train line 3000 V DC or AC.

The power supply system of the car consists of:

subcar high-voltage hardware box 2Я.111.У1, high-voltage static converter SG 600380 BP, input reactance SG 600417, transformer SG 600419, inverter static three-phase SG 600388 SP, reactance SG 600418, battery 84 TNZH-300110 V (on withdrawable carts ); hardware car box connecting external voltage of a three-phase network 380/220 V 50 Hz.

Another non-compartment passenger car provides for energy supply not only from the high-voltage train line, but also from the three-phase subcarriage generator. This car provides:

- equipment of the car with a roof monoblock installation of air conditioning powered by a subcar generator through a three-phase converter that provides frequency start-up and regulation of cooling capacity;

- Installation of an environmentally friendly toilet (ECHT) with a car storage tank;

- installation of a fundamentally new for cars of this type power supply system powered by a subcar alternator 110 V with a power of 35 kVA;

- An upgraded interior lighting system.

The power supply system of the car consists of a subcar generator; three-phase converter for air conditioning; high voltage hardware box; input and drawer devices for low-voltage equipment. The wagon is equipped with an alkaline rechargeable battery with a capacity of 350 Ah installed on draw-out trolleys with an upper rail and double electrical insulation.

Car electrical equipment is made in the form of modules installed in car boxes on roll-out carts, which ensures replacement of a failed unit within 20-30 minutes. The design of the high-voltage electrical equipment of the car allows you to measure the insulation resistance of the high-voltage line without any preparatory operations. The electric coal boiler is powered from the train line of 3 kV DC or AC. To supply the car along the route with power 220 V 50 Hz, a converter is installed.

In these and similarly equipped wagons, the power for long-term parking is provided from the hardware sub-car box for connecting the external voltage of a three-phase network 380/220 V 50 Hz, containing a power three-phase step-down transformer. On the way, this transformer is not used in the car’s power supply system. In other words, the efficiency of using a transformer is small.

As a prototype of the claimed invention, we take the patent No. 2266829.

This patent protects the electrical equipment of a passenger carriage, which is designed to power a passenger carriage both during the movement of the train and during parking. The kit includes a wheel drive generator, a battery, a low-voltage power supply unit, an external power supply unit of 380 V, a high-voltage power supply unit from a train line of 3000 V, direct and alternating current consumers, static frequency and voltage converters, and control units.

The kit works as follows.

While the train is moving at speeds above 35 km / h, the generator generates a three-phase alternating voltage, which is supplied to the low-voltage power supply. including a three-phase rectifier, the output of which forms a constant voltage of 110 V, designed to charge the battery. For long-term parking, voltage = 110 V is generated from an external power supply unit of 380 V, which includes a three-phase transformer at 50 Hz from the secondary winding of which the voltage is supplied to the rectifier of the said low-voltage power unit. Wagon consumers of direct and alternating current are powered from the output of the low-voltage power unit. However, when the car’s speed is lower than 35 km / h and short-term parking, consumers can only be powered by the battery, so a number of car consumers (and especially air conditioners) are switched off at this time.

The high-voltage power supply from the 3000 V train line provides two output voltages. One of them is designed to power the car heating boiler, and the second, equal to 110 V, is sent to convert and ensure the electrical needs of the car.

The disadvantage is that

1) during parking and at a quiet run some carriage consumers do not work - power is supplied only from the battery;

2) bulky power low-frequency transformer, which is an input of external power ~ 380 V 50 Hz, is used a little - only when parking, the rest of the time does not work;

3) power is not provided to the consumer load, which requires grounding, and now, often, this is necessary, since the wagons are becoming more comfortable, filled with modern electric devices.

Disclosure of invention

The claimed invention - a subcarriage power supply device for a passenger carriage - can use as an energy source: generated voltage by a subcarriage three-phase generator driven by wheelsets, converted train high-voltage mains voltage, external AC mains, the energy of its own batteries.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the carriage is equipped with a means of connecting its primary winding to an external alternating current network of 380 V, 50 Hz, as well as a means of connecting either to a three-phase generator driven by wheel pairs generating a voltage of ~ 380 V, or means of connecting to main train high-voltage network with voltage = / ~ 1500-3000 V. In this case, the carriage unit contains a low-frequency power three-phase transformer connected to a means of connecting its primary winding to Shnei AC 380 V, 50 Hz, which has two outputs at different voltages, i.e. two secondary windings. The subcar system also contains a conversion unit with two inputs and two outputs, a battery, terminals for connecting car DC consumers and a static semiconductor converter, consisting of a step-up DC voltage converter and a number of inverters with combined inputs and independent outputs - for connecting car AC consumers .

The primary winding of the power three-phase transformer is connected to the terminals for connecting the additional voltage generator for wagon and non-wagon consumers. (The shaper can provide a combination of the primary windings of the transformer, for example, according to the "star" scheme, which will provide a three-phase alternating voltage of 380 V, 50 Hz with a zero point at the output. And the voltage between any phase and zero will allow to obtain a working single-phase voltage of 220 V, 50 Hz In addition, the shaper may contain a rectifier to obtain a non-standard DC voltage, which makes it possible to use the power transformer more widely, in particular, to obtain all the necessary working voltage during operation and repair of a passenger car.)

Each input of the converter unit is connected to one of the two outputs of the power transformer. The first output of the converter unit is connected to the battery, the terminals for connecting car DC consumers and a step-up DC-DC converter. The second output of the converter unit is connected to a number of inverters with combined inputs and independent outputs - for connecting carriage consumers of alternating current.

When operating from a three-phase generator driven by wheelsets, the converter unit is made in the form of two bridge semiconductor rectifiers, one of which can be made in the form of a reversible converter for the possibility of converting the battery DC voltage using a three-phase power transformer into an alternating voltage of 220 V.

When operating from a high-voltage backbone network, the means of connecting to the main train high-voltage network is a high-voltage converter, and the converter block contains two devices, one of which is made in the form of a bridge semiconductor rectifier, the output of which is connected to one output of the high-voltage converter, and the second - in the form of a reversible converter the output of which is connected to another output of the high voltage converter,

The reversible converter can be made in the form of a three-arm diode-transistor bridge circuit, in which a transistor connected in the opposite direction is connected in parallel to each diode connected in the forward direction.

The technical effect of the invention is primarily to provide galvanic isolation for the supply of wagon consumers of direct and alternating current. In addition, due to the widespread use of the power transformer, a more compact design of the device as a whole is provided, since eliminates the need for a number of additional semiconductor devices to obtain a complex of operating voltages. This entails an increase in the reliability of the device as a whole, because the reliability of the transformer is higher than the reliability of semiconductor devices. In addition, the invention allows with high efficiency to use a three-phase power transformer, which in similar devices was intended mainly for use only when powered by an external AC network.

Thus, due to the introduction of new features and connections into the car’s undercarriage of power supply, the three-phase power transformer can be used both for normal use during long-term parking and repairs, and to provide any required supply voltages in the passenger carriage during movement, as well as to form additional non-standard supply voltages of wagon and non-wagon consumers for all types of power supply to the train.

List of drawings

Figure 1 is a General structural diagram of a subcar power supply device of a passenger car.

Figure 2 is a structural diagram of a sub-car power supply device of a passenger car powered by a sub-car three-phase alternating current generator ~ 380 V.

Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a sub-car power supply device for a passenger car powered by a high-voltage backbone network = / ~ 1500 (3000) V through a high-voltage converter with two DC output voltages: 140 V and 400 V.

Figure 4 - bridge three-arm electrical circuit of a reversible converter made on diodes and transistors.

The implementation of the invention

The undercarriage power supply device of the passenger car is made in accordance with the structural diagram shown in figure 1.

The device contains: a three-phase power transformer 1, a converter unit 2, a rechargeable battery 3, a static semiconductor converter 4, consisting of a step-up DC-DC converter 5 and a number of inverters 6, as well as: either a means of connecting to an undercarriage three-phase generator driven by wheeled pairs - contact connector 7, or means of connecting to the main train high-voltage network - high-voltage converter 8.

The primary winding 9 of the power three-phase transformer 1 is connected to a means of connecting to an external AC network - a contact connector 10. Two secondary windings 11 and 12 of the power three-phase transformer 1, with a different output voltage, are connected respectively to the individual inputs 13 and 14 of the converter unit 2 The first output 15 of the converter unit 2 is connected to the battery 3 by terminals 16 for connecting the wagon DC consumers and a step-up DC-voltage converter 5. The second output 17 of the converter unit 2 is connected with the combined inputs of the inverters 6, independent outputs of which are connected to respective terminals 18 for connecting bogey AC consumers. It should be noted that the input-output pairs of the converter unit are not electrically connected. In addition, the primary winding 9 of the power three-phase transformer 1 is also connected to the connector 19 for connecting the shaper of additional voltages of the wagon and non-wagon consumers.

When operating only from a three-phase generator driven by wheelsets (Fig. 2), the converter block can be made in the form of two semiconductor rectifiers 2.1 and 2.2, one of which (2.1) can be made in the form of a reversible converter.

When operating from a high-voltage backbone network (Fig. 3), the two outputs 20 and 21 of the high-voltage converter 8 provide constant-voltage different voltages (for example, 140 V and 400 V). In this case, one of its outputs (20) is connected to the rechargeable battery 3 terminals 16 for connecting wagon DC consumers and a step-up DC-DC converter 5, and the second -21 - with combined inputs of inverters 6 of the static semiconductor converter 4. In addition, the converter unit 2 contains two devices, one of which is made in the form of a rectifier 2.4, the output 17 of which is connected to the output 21 of the high-voltage converter 8, and the second device is in the form of a reversible converter 2.3, output 1 5 of which is connected to the output 20 of the high-voltage converter 8 and, respectively, to the battery 3 with terminals 16 for connecting car DC consumers and a step-up DC-converter 5.

A reversible converter (2.1 or 2.3) can be made, for example, in the form of a three-arm diode-transistor bridge circuit (Fig. 4), in which a transistor 23 connected in the opposite direction and connected in the opposite direction is connected to each diode 22 connected in the forward direction base pulses following with a frequency of 50 Hz with a bias for each arm by 2 / 3π, ensuring the operation of the reversible converter in the opposite direction, namely the conversion of direct voltage into alternating voltage with a frequency of 50 Hz.

Work description

During long-term parking and during work in the depot, the subcar power supply device of the passenger car works from an external AC network (Fig. 1). The voltage 380 V, 50 Hz is supplied through the connector 10 to the primary winding 9 of the power three-phase transformer 1. Suppose that a voltage of 110 V is formed on the first secondary winding 11, and 285 V on the second secondary winding 12. Then, the first input 13 of the converter unit 2, an alternating voltage of 110 V is supplied, and an alternating voltage of 285 V. is supplied to the second input 14.

Let the converter unit 2 provides a constant voltage of 140 V at the output 15, and a 400 V DC at the output 17.

A constant voltage of 140 V is used to charge the batteries 3 and is supplied to terminals 16, to which the necessary direct current consumers can be connected.

From the output 17 of the converter unit 2, a constant voltage of 400 V is supplied to the combined inputs of the inverters 6, the outputs of which are connected to the terminals 18, which are used to connect AC consumers. And the step-up DC-DC converter 5 in this case actually does not work.

Thus, the two output power supply channels of consumers are galvanically isolated.

When operating only from a three-phase generator driven by wheelsets (Fig. 2), the converter block can be made in the form of two bridge semiconductor rectifiers 2.1 and 2.2, and the means for connecting to the undercarriage three-phase generator can be made in the form of a contact connector 7 connecting the generator to the input of one of the two rectifiers mentioned, as well as one of the output windings of the transformer 1. In this case, from the output of one used rectifier 2.1, voltage is supplied to the terminals 16 for carload consumers direct current to the battery 3 and to the DC voltage boost converter 5 a static semiconductor converter 4, the voltage output from the second coil of the transformer 12 via a rectifier 1 2.2 fed to the inputs of inverters 6, forming the supply voltage for alternating current consumers wagon.

When connected to an external network, the voltage from the second secondary winding 12 of the transformer 1 is supplied through the rectifier 2.2 to the inputs of the inverters 6, from the first secondary winding 11 of the transformer 1 is supplied through the rectifier 2.1 to the battery 3 and terminals 16 for connecting DC consumers. Thus, when working from the car generator and from an external network, boost converter 5 does not actually work.

Rectifier 2.1 can be made in the form of a reversible converter, which will provide the ability to power any consumers of alternating current from batteries through a power transformer 1 in the absence of any other power source. In this case, the step-up DC-DC converter 5 may not work, since its functions are performed by a power transformer 1 with a rectifier 2.2.

When working from a high-voltage backbone network (Fig. 3), a means of connecting to a main train high-voltage network is used, which is made as a separate unit - a high-voltage converter 8, the input of which is connected to a high-voltage network = / ~ 1500 (3000) V, and two outputs 20 and 21 provide constant voltages of different magnitude (e.g. 140 V and 400 V, respectively). In this case, one of the outputs 20 is connected to the storage battery 3, terminals 16 for connecting car DC consumers and a step-up DC-DC converter 5, and the second to the combined inputs of inverters 6 of the static semiconductor converter. The converter unit 2 contains two devices, one of which is made in the form of a rectifier 2.4, the output of which 17 is connected to one output (21) of the high-voltage converter, and the second is in the form of a reversible converter 2.3, the output 15 of which is connected to the other output (20) of the high-voltage converter 8. As in the previous case, the use of a reversible converter 2.3 also allows you to convert the DC voltage of the battery 110 V - into an alternating three-phase 380 V, 50 Hz, for using batteries in case of extreme minutes necessary as a variable current source for a short time and in the absence of other sources of energy.

A reversible converter 2.1 or 2.3 (Fig. 4) can be made in the form of a three-arm diode-transistor bridge circuit, in which a transistor 23 is connected in parallel to each diode 22 connected in the forward direction, turned on in the opposite direction and controlled by the pulses following frequency of 50 Hz with an offset for each arm by 2 / 3π, thereby ensuring the operation of the bridge reversible converter 2.3 in the opposite direction, namely: the conversion of direct voltage to alternating voltage with a frequency of 50 Hz. The voltage generated on the primary winding 9 of this transformer 1 is supplied to terminals 14 for connecting an additional voltage shaper, which can provide power to wagon or non-wagon non-standard consumers. As already mentioned above, the additional voltage shaper makes it possible to obtain a three-phase alternating voltage of 380 V, 50 Hz with a zero point at the output. And the voltage between any phase and zero allows you to get a working single-phase voltage of 220 V, 50 Hz. In addition, the additional voltage generator may include a rectifier to obtain, if necessary, an additional DC voltage (for example, = 520 V).

So, when using the claimed invention as a power supply device for a passenger carriage, the following advantages take place:

- galvanic isolation for the supply of direct and alternating current consumers;

- the work of all wagon consumers during parking and at a quiet course, including the battery charge;

- the constant use of a power low-frequency transformer, which is an input source of power supply when using external power ~ 380 V 50 Hz, even during a train, that is, a significant increase in the efficiency of the power supply system;

- providing power to three-phase and single-phase AC loads with a frequency of 50 Hz with a grounded neutral;

- providing additional non-standard supply voltage to individual DC consumers;

- the possibility of using a power transformer to obtain all necessary operating voltages for tools and equipment when repairing a passenger car in unsuitable conditions;

- increase the efficiency of the power supply system.

Claims (4)

1. An undercarriage power supply device for a passenger carriage comprising a three-phase power transformer, a converter unit, a battery, a static semiconductor converter, and also either means for connecting to a three-phase carriage-driven generator driven by wheel pairs or means for connecting to a high-voltage main train network, the primary winding being a three-phase power transformer is provided with a means of connecting to an external AC network, and the secondary winding is mentioned of the transformer is connected to a converter unit, the output of which is connected to the battery, terminals for connecting car DC consumers and a static semiconductor converter, consisting of a step-up DC voltage converter and a series of inverters with combined inputs and independent outputs connected to terminals for connecting car AC consumers current, characterized in that it contains a connector for connecting the shaper additional voltage of agon and non-car consumers, the three-phase power transformer additionally contains a second secondary winding, the converter unit has a second input and output, the second secondary winding of the three-phase power transformer is connected to the second input of the converter unit, the second output of which is connected to the combined inputs of the inverters of the static semiconductor converter, and the primary winding of a power three-phase transformer is connected to a connector for connecting a shaper of additional voltage genius. 2. The undercarriage device according to claim 1, characterized in that the converter unit consists of two separate bridge semiconductor rectifiers or one rectifier and one reversible converter. 3. The undercar device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means of connecting to the main train high-voltage network is made in the form of a separate unit, a high-voltage converter, the input of which is connected to the high-voltage network = / ~ 1500 (3000) V, and the two outputs provide different constant working voltages, the first output connected to the battery, terminals for connecting car DC consumers and a step-up DC-DC converter, and the second with connected inputs PTOP static semiconductor converter, and the converter unit comprises a rectifier, the output of which is connected to the second output of the high voltage inverter, and a reversible inverter, whose output is connected to the first output of the high voltage inverter. 4. The undercarriage device according to claim 3, characterized in that the reversible converter is made in the form of a three-arm diode-transistor bridge circuit, in which a transistor connected in the opposite direction and controlled by pulses following the base is connected in parallel to each diode connected in the forward direction 50 Hz offset for each shoulder _^2/3 π.

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