RU2361824C2 - Taper-ring-guard device to dehydrate loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device designed to dehydrate loose materials incorporates the casing made up of perforated walls, vertical vessel and casing bottom with a gate. The said casing bottom is furnished with water-offtake chute, while the casing outer and inner walls represent two rows of vertical rods, transverse beams and ties, and vertical classifying screen. Note that the latter is rigidly attached to outer row of rods, on the vessel inner side. The casing inner row rods accommodate the guard fastened thereto and representing taper rings arranged to overlap each other. Ring taper angle makes 55° to 75°. Note also that the said rings are spaced for 60 to 80 mm overlap each other for 1/3 of their height.

EFFECT: higher reliability, easier servicing, higher efficiency.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices that dehydrate bulk materials, and can be used in coal, mining and other industries where water is used to transport bulk material.

A known installation for mechanical wastewater treatment [1], intended for use at urban aeration stations instead of sand traps and primary settlers for the separation of coarse-dispersed impurities larger than 2 mm from domestic wastewater, as well as primary dewatering of sediments of primary settlers and separation of activated sludge from biochemically oxidized domestic wastewater, including a closed housing, a wastewater supply hopper, an original profile filter cloth with a variable radius of curvature, located on supports a frame, a system for supplying and distributing wastewater, a screw for unloading trapped impurities or compacted sludge, a drum filter, an exhaust ventilation system, characterized in that the upper edge of the support frame of the filter cloth is structurally attached to the prefabricated retractable rack, and the angle of inclination of the upper part of the filter profile canvases can vary with respect to the vertical within 15 °. The surface of the filter cloth has a roughness, estimated by the parameter Ra, not more than 0.040 μm and a reflection coefficient K _ot at least 0.50. The air is removed from the closed housing directly in the nodes of the supply and discharge of sewage and sludge.

A known installation for mechanical wastewater treatment [2], which includes a closed housing, a wastewater supply hopper, a filter cloth having a profile with a variable radius of curvature located on a support frame, a system for supplying, distributing and discharging wastewater, a screw for unloading delayed impurities or compacted sediment and exhaust ventilation system. The upper edge of the supporting frame of the filter cloth is structurally attached to the assembled retractable rack, and the angle of inclination of the upper part of the filter cloth profile relative to the vertical can vary from 30 to 45 °. EFFECT: mechanical treatment of wastewater from coarse dispersed impurities and preliminary dewatering of sludge of primary settlers and activated sludge in one installation, ensuring regulation of the degree of wastewater treatment depending on the type of contaminants, continuous self-cleaning of the filter cloth and environmental safety of the installation.

A device for cleaning wastewater and other liquids [3], which includes a vertical filter housing and a hydrocyclone, a stationary vertical filter element with a scraper element mounted on a rotating shaft, means for collecting sludge, inlet and outlet pipes. The filter element is made in the form of a perforated drum with filter material. The filter is equipped with a separator located on the shaft in the center of the drum, made in the form of two coaxial shells interconnected by transfer slots. The scraper element is attached to the outer shell and is made in the form of diametrically arranged pipes with longitudinal slots or half pipes. Direct-flow hydrocyclone is installed in the separator coaxially with it and connected to the filter cover. The inner tube of the hydrocyclone in its lower part is perforated, and the filter housing and the filter element are connected to the sediment collecting means, made in the form of a hopper. Pipes with longitudinal slots or half pipes are additionally equipped with controllers of the working layer on the filter surface, containing cutting parts in the head along the side of the scraper rotation and ironing devices in the rear part.

A device for cleaning wastewater and other liquids [4], which includes a filter housing, a stationary vertical element with a scraper element centrally mounted on a rotating shaft, means for collecting sludge, inlet and outlet pipes. The filter element is made in the form of a perforated drum with filter material. The scraper element is made in the form of a vertical perforated drum fixed to the shaft by means of a spider with two or more blades made in the form of a cylindrical cutter. In this case, the casing in the upper part is equipped with a distribution chamber, and the lower part of the casing is connected to the sediment collecting means, made in the form of a hopper, and the lower part of the fixed drum. The blades of the cutter are equipped with controllers of the working layer on the filtering surface.

Known filtering device [5], which can be used mainly for water purification in livestock complexes. The filtering device is made in the form of a well, over the mouth of which a hopper is mounted with batch loading elements of granular granular material, and the lower part of the well is opened with an adit for the task of filtrate and spent filter material, and a vibrating platform with a vibrator is installed at the interface between the well and the adit, and the exit window for unloading the granular material is closed for the filtrate to pass through a flexible partition that pops up on the granular material during vibration. The device can be equipped with additional bins with batch loading elements of neutralizing components. The lower part of the well can be opened by a mine equipped with a skip installation.

A device for treating wastewater and other liquids [6] for cleaning and clarifying wastewater of various origins and other liquids from external particles of impurities, which contains a cylinder-conical hydrocyclone with a cover, with a tangential feed pipe and with axial sludge and drain pipes, drain a chamber with a filtering element and a scraper device, a drain pipe of a hydrocyclone is made curved and connected in series with a distributor and a drain chamber made in the form of a hollow stationary vertical Nogo perforated drum with a filtering material mounted coaxially to the distributor and parallel hydrocyclone concluded in the filtrate chamber body and comprising a centrally arranged drive shaft with a crosspiece and on which the scrapers are arranged diametrically made in the form of pipes with longitudinal slots or half-tube. The conical part of the hydrocyclone and the bottom of the drain chamber are connected in parallel with the hopper for collecting and dewatering sludge. Also provided are controllers of the working layer on the filter surface mounted on pipes with slots or half pipes.

A device is known for pretreatment of wastewater by filtration [7] for purification of coarse suspended industrial wastewater with a high content of suspended solids with high adhesive properties, i.e. wastewater from the meat, food and other industries into which wastewater is supplied through a pipeline to the inner surface of the filter drum driven by a drive. The drum is immersed in its lower part in the filtrate. Solid impurities from the inner surface of the drum are captured by the shelves. The shelves are fixed in hinges and are pressed by torsion springs forward along the rotation of the drum. The position of the shelf during the rotation of the drum optimally ensures the capture of impurities in the filtering zone, their removal during the movement of the shelf up, the effective unloading of waste into the hopper, regeneration with a brush shaft. During the movement of the shelf above the hopper, impurities slide into the hopper and are removed from the device by a screw. A tap is provided to empty the device.

A device for dewatering slag [8] is known, which consists of storage bins, a clarified water chamber, slag pulp supply pipelines, a slide shut-off device for releasing dehydrated slag, disk filters, compressed air pipelines, and a filtering device valve for draining water. Due to the additional drainage of water from the hopper with the help of a disk filter, the quality of dehydration and its speed are improved.

These devices are complex in design, require large expenses during operation, do not have high reliability.

A device for dehydration of bulk materials is known, which is an inclined hopper with double inclined upper and lower walls made of sheet steel, the inner inclined walls of which are perforated and with some clearance relative to the outer solid walls of the hopper, while the space between the upper inclined wall and the sieve serves as an air-conducting channel, and between the lower waterproof wall and the sieve - a drain channel [9].

A device [10] is known, comprising a vertical container with double walls, of which the inner wall is perforated and the outer waterproof, which serves to collect and drain water.

Known devices can only be used for the dehydration of pre-deflated materials or with a negligible content.

A device for the dewatering of small bulk materials, made in the form of a vertical tank with a double bottom and walls, of which the inner wall is fully or partially composed of porous filter material [11], pre-lined.

A disadvantage of the known device is the need for periodic cleaning of the filter layer, for which nozzles are installed that complicate the design.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is a device for dewatering granular materials [12], containing a container divided by perforated walls into a central and peripheral chamber, a conical bottom with a shutter in the form of a perforated disk, attached to the central chamber, means for feeding pulp, sieves located under the chambers, the sieve located above the central chamber having a conical shape and made with cells smaller than the sieve located above the peripheral camera.

The known device has a small throughput surface of the perforated walls and sieves, which reduces its performance and the release of material from the peripheral chamber is difficult.

The proposed technical device solves the problem of increasing the reliability of the bunker, reducing the complexity of its maintenance, increasing productivity and throughput.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the conical bottom is equipped with a drainage chute, the outer and inner walls of the body are made of two rows of vertically mounted rods, transverse beams and ties, a vertically arranged shalt sieve, and the shalt sieve is rigidly attached to the outer row of rods from the inside of the tank and on the rods of the inner row of the casing is fixed a fence made of conical rings arranged with overlapping each other.

The taper angle of the rings is 55-75 °, while they are spaced from each other at a distance of 60-80 mm and overlap each other by 1/3 of their height.

Figure 1 presents a section of a device for dehydration of bulk materials with a fence of cone rings, side view.

Figure 2 presents a section bB of figure 1.

The device consists of a vertical tank 1 having an outer 2 and an inner 3 walls made of two rows of vertically mounted rods 4, transverse beams and screeds 5, as well as a vertically mounted shalt sieve located between them. The conical bottom 6 is provided with a shutter 7, a drainage channel 8 and a conical fence 9.

The operation of the device is as follows.

Bulk material with water supplied to the tank 1 is deposited in its central zone, water flows through the granular material and flows along its surface to the annular fence 9 and passes through its gaps to the bobbin sieve, and drains into the groove 8 on its outer side. the gaps of the annular fence suspended particles are deposited and released from the gap during the cleaning of the hopper. Large pieces of material due to its natural slope formed in the center of the tank, slide to the inner wall 3, where they linger on the fence, overlap the gaps of the fence and form a filter layer near it to clarify the water. The pieces of material that passed through the fence to the bobbin case, when unloading, are returned back through the gaps of the fence, which ensures a change in the filter layer of the material without additional labor.

Water drains from the device through the material, the filter layer and the fence, is clarified and discharged through the groove 8 into the sump.

The material loaded into the hopper is periodically unloaded through the shutter 7 in the bottom 6.

Information sources

1. Application No. 2004126054 of the Russian Federation, IPC C02F 1/52, B01D 35/027. Installation for mechanical wastewater treatment. / Applicant OOO "INEX"; declared 2004.08.25. Publ. 2006.02.10.

2. RF patent 2280618, IPC C02F 1/52, B01D 35/027. Installation for mechanical wastewater treatment. - No. 2004126054/15; the applicant. G.V.Shishlo; declared 2004.08.25. Publ. 2006.07.27.

3. RF patent 2094087, IPC B01D 25/38. A device for treating wastewater and other liquids. - No. 5039344/25; applicant, Leningrad branch of the Ankor Joint Soviet-American-Polish enterprise; declared 1992.03.09. Publ. 1997.10.27.

4. Patent 2091122 of the Russian Federation, IPC B01D 25/38. A device for treating wastewater and other liquids. - No. 5039343/25; applicant, Leningrad branch of the Ankor Joint Soviet-American-Polish enterprise; declared 1992.03.09. Publ. 1997.10.27.

5. Application No. 95111477/25 of the Russian Federation, IPC B01D 24/44. Filtering device. / Applicant AOZT Golden Rain; declared 1995.07.04. Publ. 1997.06.20.

6. RF patent 2069105, IPC V04C 9/00. A device for treating wastewater and other liquids. - No. 5039343/25; applicant, Leningrad branch of the Ankor Joint Soviet-American-Polish enterprise; declared 1992.03.09. Publ. 1996.11.20.

7. RF patent 2026710, IPC B01D 33/06. Device for pretreatment of wastewater by filtration. - No. 4949628/26; Applicant All-Russian Research Institute of the Meat Industry; declared 1991.06.26. Publ. 1995.01.20.

8. Patent 2014289 of the Russian Federation, IPC C02F 11/12. A device for dewatering slag - No. 5044301/26; applicant Siberian Metallurgical Institute; declared 1992.05.26. Publ. 1994.06.15.

9. Battaglia A. Dehydration of enrichment products and circulation of washing water. - M .: Nedra, 1967. - P.73-76.

10. A.S. USSR No. 603427. A device for dewatering coarse materials. 1978. Bull. No. 15.

11. Kirzkhberg G. Mineral processing. - M.: Gosgortekhizdat, 1960 .-- 351 p.

12. A.S. USSR No. 1503834. Device for dewatering granular materials. 1989. Bull. Number 32.

Claims (2)

1. A device for dewatering bulk materials, comprising a housing of perforated walls, a vertical container and a housing bottom with a shutter, characterized in that the conical bottom is equipped with a drainage chute, the outer and inner walls of the housing are made of two rows of vertically mounted rods, transverse beams and screeds, a vertical bobbin sieve, and the bobbin sieve is rigidly attached to the outer row of rods on the inside of the tank, and fencing is fixed to the rods of the inner row of the housing Made of a conical ring arranged overlapping each other. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the taper angle of the rings is 55-75 °, while they are spaced from each other at a distance of 60-80 mm and overlap each other by 1/3 of their height.

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