RU2292228C2 - Sewage water purifying apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: liquid filtering equipment, in particular, removal of coarse-dispersion suspensions from industrial sewage water, preferably meat and food-processing industry sewage water.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has identical preliminary and final purification devices comprising vertical conical screw which is axially mounted within drainage housing and is equipped with blades made from flexible material. Conical filtering surface is detachably fixed between said blades. Filtering surface of final purification device is made from packet of nets having foamed polyurethane layer. Screws are actuated by means of single actuating mechanism. Apparatus is additionally provided with sump mounted on frame.

EFFECT: increased efficiency, reduced manufacture costs and decreased sizes of filtering apparatus, usage of this apparatus for purifying various kinds of liquids, and minimum evaporation areas.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to filtering liquids and can be used to clean coarse suspensions, for example, industrial wastewater, mainly industrial wastewater from the meat, fish and food industries.

A device for wastewater treatment by filtration is known, the main working body of which is a filter drum with shelves on the inner surface. At the same time, the shelves serve as the body that removes solid impurities detained by the filtering cloth from the filtering zone and transporting them to the place of unloading (ed. St. SU No. 1762977 A1, B 01 D 33/06, 1992).

The disadvantages of this device are a complex drive mechanism for unloading and collecting sediment, a filtering surface designed for a certain content of suspended substances of one kind or another, a large area of moisture evaporation, leading to the appearance of unpleasant odors, large overall dimensions, due to the need to raise the sediment above the discharge screw, and also, the bottom for the drain is many times larger than the size of the working bodies, taking into account the need for sewage slope.

Also known is a device for treating wastewater from coarse impurities, the main working body of which is a filter drum with straight shelves on the inner surface. At the same time, the shelves serve as the body that removes coarse dispersed impurities detained by the filtering cloth from the filtering zone and transporting them to the unloading place (ed. St. SU No. 1681899 A1, 01 D 33/06, dated 07.10.91).

The disadvantages of this device are a complex drive mechanism for unloading and collecting sediment, a filtering surface designed for a certain content of coarse impurities, a large area of moisture evaporation, leading to the appearance of unpleasant odors, large overall dimensions, due to the need to raise the sediment above the discharge auger, as well as a drain bottom many times exceeds the size of the working bodies, taking into account the need for sewage bias.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved technical result is a wastewater treatment device, the main working body of which is a screw for discharging suspensions, mounted vertically and made conical, and the auger blades are made of an elastic-plastic material that is resistant to friction, while the drain casing installed coaxially to the screw, and the filtering surface is placed between them and has the shape of a cone, it is removable. Filter surfaces are available for preliminary or final cleaning. The fastening of the drain casing in case of wear of the auger blades makes it possible to displace the filter surface relative to the vertical axis, as well as the possibility of replacing the filter surfaces depending on the type of liquid being treated (ed. St. RU 2142416 C1, 6 C 02 F 1/00, 01 D 29 / 64, 1999).

The disadvantage of this device is the inability to simultaneously install the preliminary and final filters, which does not allow the device to work with a liquid containing coarse particles when a finishing filter is installed and makes the device useless when filtering a liquid with fine particles with a pre-filter installed.

The objective of the invention is to increase the performance of the filtering device, the possibility of using the device in relation to various types of liquids to be cleaned, to improve the degree of purification.

This is achieved by the fact that the wastewater treatment plant, comprising a support frame, a drive mechanism, a piping and valve system, a pre-treatment device and a finishing device having the same design, including a vertical conical screw enclosed in a drain casing, an inlet pipe, an outlet shelf suspensions, filtering surface, screw blades are made of an elastic-plastic material resistant to abrasion, while the drain casing is installed coaxially to the screw, and the filtering surface is placed between them, has the shape of a cone and is removable with the ability to control the distance relative to the screw, according to the invention, the filter surface of the finishing device consists of a packet of nets with a layer of polyurethane foam between them, and the screws of the devices are driven by a single drive mechanism, while the installation further comprises a sump fixed on a support frame and made in the form of a container with a vertical partition dividing it into two unequal parts, and the partition is made so that its height is lower than ur Aries fill the sump with filtered fluid, and unloading from both parts is carried out by one pump.

The design of this installation meets the criterion of "technical solution" and is workable, as it allows you to achieve a high degree of cleaning and efficiently use production areas without requiring special devices for unloading suspensions (additional horizontal screws, drums, blades, etc.); separate drain pallets.

The layer of polyurethane foam in the mesh package improves the quality and efficiency of wastewater treatment due to the small pore diameter of the polyurethane foam.

The sump is divided into two unequal parts, since the solids content in the sediment layer is significantly less than the total volume and requires a smaller capacity for this.

Performing the height of the septum below the surface of the settling liquid makes it possible to collect fats from two sections at once in one technological cycle.

In the proposed installation, the use of a single pump, as well as a single drive mechanism for preliminary and finishing devices, reduces the cost of equipment and maintenance costs.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the proposed installation for wastewater treatment, figure 2 is a top view of the structure, figure 3 is a design view of the device for preliminary and finishing treatment, figure 4 is a side view of the support frame, figure 5 - a package of grids for finishing cleaning.

The installation (figure 1) contains a support frame 1, a sump 2, mounted on the frame 1, a pre-cleaner 3, a finishing device 4, an engine 5 connected to a pump 6, a drive mechanism 7 connected to a worm gear 8, a piping system 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, control valves 15, 16, 17, (FIG. 2) 18, 19. In turn, the pre-cleaner 3 (FIG. 3) has the same design as the final cleaner 4 consists of from the drain casing 20 connected to the frame 1 by a fastener 21, the inlet pipe 22 and the outlet shelf in weights 23, rigidly connected to the casing of the drain 20, the filter surface 24, fixed identically to the casing of the drain 20, inside the filter surface 24, being in contact with it, a vertical conical screw 25 with blades 26 consisting of elasto-plastic materials (rubber, plastic) is installed etc.), blades 26 connected to the shaft 27 of the screw 25 with a fastening 28 with a possible downward slope, the cover of the drain casing 29, the shaft 27 connected to the support frame 1 by the bearing 30, the drive mechanism 31 located in the upper part of the structure. The sump 2 has a vertical partition 32 (figure 4). The filtering surface 24 (figure 5) of the finishing device 4 is a packet of nets with a layer of polyurethane foam between them.

Installation works as follows.

The filtered fluid enters through the nozzle 22 into the pre-cleaner 3 and enters the filter surface 24. The blades 26 of the cone screw 25 rotate and raise the precipitated suspensions to the shelf of the suspension of suspensions 23 and thereby clean the filter surface 24. As a result, the liquid filtered through the filter surface 24, it enters the drain casing 20 and leaves the device through the pipe 9 to the sump 2, and the filtered suspensions are discharged through the shelf 23. The sump 2 has a partition 32 that divides it into two unequal parts. This partition does not allow small, heavy suspensions to be distributed throughout the bottom, but does not interfere with the distribution of fat and filtered water, as its height is below the filling level of the settler 2 with a filtered fluid. Smaller heavy suspensions (sand together with water) falling into the smaller part of settling tank 2 settle on its bottom, and the fat that has got together with the same liquid floats to the surface and is distributed over the entire area of settling tank 2. With open valves 16 and 19 the filtered liquid is sucked up by the pump 6 through the nozzle 10 into the finishing device 4. Next, there is a process identical to the process that occurs in the pre-cleaner 3, after which the purified liquid is discharged through the nozzle 11. During these processes, the valves 15, 17, 18 are closed s. To remove fat from the surface of the filtered fluid located in the settling tank 2, it is necessary to stop the supply of the filtered fluid through the pipe 22, bring the level of the filtered fluid in the settling tank 2 to a level at which the fat layer is slightly higher than the end of the pipe 10, stop the installation, for which purpose turn off engines 5 and 7, close valves 15, 17, 19, and open valves 16 and 18. When the engine 5 is turned on, the pump 6 starts to work. After that, the process of separating the surface layer of fat from the liquid occurs through its absorption through the pipe 10. Then, the separated fat with a small amount of liquid is removed from the installation through the pipe 14.

To clean the sump 2 after stopping the filtering process, it is necessary to stop the supply of the filtered fluid through the pipe 22, stop the installation, for which to turn off the engines 5 and 7, turn off the valves 16 and 19, open the valves 15, 17, 18. A precipitate formed, residual liquid and fat at when the engine 5 is turned on, they are absorbed through the nozzles 12 and 13 by the pump 6, after which they are discharged through the pipe system through the nozzle 14.

If it is necessary to better clean the liquid or to process a larger volume of the liquid being cleaned with a lower quality of cleaning, it is necessary to remove the cover 29 and remove the drain cover 20 and the filter surface 24. After inserting the necessary filter surface, reassemble in the reverse order.

The fat deposited in the form of a film on the surface of the filtered fluid in the sump can be used for secondary processing, for livestock feed.

Thus, the proposed device allows for the fastest and most efficient wastewater treatment, using small production areas compared to similar equipment.

Claims (1)

A wastewater treatment plant comprising a support frame, a drive mechanism, a piping and valve system, a pre-treatment device and a finishing device having the same design, including a vertical conical screw, enclosed in a drain casing, an inlet pipe, a suspension discharge shelf, a filter surface, the auger blades are made of an elastic-plastic material resistant to friction, while the drain casing is installed coaxially to the auger, and the filtering surface is placed between them, has the shape of a cone and made removable with the possibility of adjusting the distance relative to the screw, characterized in that the filtering surface of the finishing device consists of a packet of nets with a layer of polyurethane foam between them, and the screws of the devices are driven by a single drive mechanism, while the installation further comprises a settler mounted on a support frame and made in the form of a container with a vertical partition dividing it into two unequal parts, and the partition is made so that its height below the filling level settles Single filtered liquid, and discharging from both sides by a single pump.

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