RU2361642C2 - Device to dehydrate and unload loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering, transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dehydrate loose materials and doubles for unloading them. It is intended for coal, mining and other industries. The proposed device comprises a housing, bottom with gate furnished with water offtake chute and spring-loaded driven actuator mounted vertically along the housing axis. The housing inner and outer walls consist of three rows of vertical rods, crosswise beams, ties and filtration screen fastened, wave-shapely, on rods of outer and central rows. Inner row rods are arranged with a spacing making at least half the maximum size of loose material slump, while central row rods are arranged on appropriate diametric line of inner row rods with the gap between them making the size required for mounting inner-row ties and filtration screen attachment. Inner-row rods are mounted in gaps between central-row rods and serve for wave-shaped attachment of filtration screen.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and throughput, easier servicing.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for the drying of bulk materials and can be used in coal, mining and other industries where water is used to transport bulk material.

A device for dehydration of bulk materials is known, which is an inclined hopper with double inclined upper and lower walls made of sheet steel, the inner inclined walls of which are perforated and with some clearance relative to the outer solid walls of the hopper, while the space between the upper inclined wall and sieve serves as an air channel, and between the lower waterproof wall and the sieve - a drain channel [1].

A device [2] is known, comprising a vertical container with double walls, of which the inner wall is perforated and the outer waterproof, which serves to collect and drain water.

Known devices can only be used for the dehydration of pre-deflated materials or with a negligible content.

A device for the dehydration of small bulk materials, made in the form of a vertical tank with a double bottom and walls, of which the inner wall is fully or partially composed of porous filter material [3], pre-lined.

A disadvantage of the known device is the need for periodic cleaning of the filter layer, for which nozzles are installed that complicate the design.

A device [4] is known for storing and unloading bulk materials, including a vertical hopper with a tapering part and an outlet, an activator spring-loaded relative to its walls, made in the form of a plate, is vertically mounted inside the hopper.

The disadvantage is the lack of filtering ability of the hopper, a spring-loaded activator is used only to intensify the release of material from the hopper.

The closest technical solution adopted for the prototype is a device for the dehydration of granular materials [5], containing a container divided by perforated walls into a central and peripheral chamber, a conical bottom with a shutter in the form of a perforated disk attached to the central chamber and mounted above the latter, means pulp supply, characterized in that to increase the efficiency of use of the device by combining the processes of dehydration and clarification of process water and reduce labor bone his service is provided sieve chambers arranged over and covers the device at the bottom of the peripheral chamber, wherein a sieve located over the central chamber, formed with a mesh smaller than a mesh disposed over the peripheral chamber and the container wall are perforated. The peripheral chamber is made with a section increasing in the direction from top to bottom. The sieve located above the central chamber has the shape of a cone.

The disadvantages of the device are the horizontal and inclined arrangement of the sieves, which leads to their frequent clogging, and a small throughput surface of the perforated walls and sieves, which reduces its performance and the discharge of material from the peripheral chamber is difficult.

The proposed technical device solves the problem of dehydration of bulk pulp materials, clarifying water, reducing the complexity of its maintenance, increasing productivity and throughput of the device.

The solution to the problem is achieved by the fact that the casing bottom is equipped with a drainage chute, the casing walls are made of three rows of vertically mounted rods, transverse beams and ties, a filter mesh fixed in a wave-like fashion on the rods of the outer and middle rows, and an activator with a drive is arranged vertically along the casing axis, providing compaction of bulk material and the intensification of its discharge from the hopper.

The rods of the inner row are installed with a gap between each other of less than half the size of the maximum size of a piece of bulk material.

The rods of the middle row are located on the corresponding diametrical line of the rods of the inner row and the gap between them is the size required for mounting the screed of the inner row and attaching the filter mesh.

The rods of the outer row are installed in the spaces of the middle rods and serve for the wave-like fastening of the filter mesh.

The activator is made in the form of a hollow cone, which is movably mounted on a rigid frame mounted on the upper part of the housing.

In the lower working part of the activator, openings are made for supplying compressed air to the moist granular material, displacing water from the granular mass to the periphery.

The proposed technical solution allows you to form a filter layer of large pieces of material on the fence when filling the tank, compact the material in its center and press water out to the periphery with compressed air, as well as intensify the discharge of material from the hopper. The filter layer is updated as it is released and allows water clarification. A finer fraction of bulk material than the minimum gap between the rods of the internal fence is delayed by a filter screen, which is also unloaded as the material is discharged from the tank, which greatly simplifies its design and reduces the complexity of maintenance. The use of filter mesh increases the capacity of the tank.

Figure 1 shows a section of a device for dehydration of bulk materials, side view.

Figure 2 presents a section bB of figure 1.

Figure 3 - node In figure 1.

Figure 4 - node D of figure 2.

The device consists of a vertical tank 1 having an outer 2 and an inner 3 wall made of three rows of vertically mounted rods 4, transverse beams 5, ties 6 and a filter mesh 7, mounted on rods of the outer and middle rows. The conical bottom 8 is provided with a shutter 9 and a drainage chute 10.

The rods 4 of the inner wall 3 are installed with a gap 11 of less than half the size of the maximum piece of bulk material, determined from the conditions of its transportation, and serve as a fence of the filter mesh 7 from the impacts of pieces of falling material.

The rods of the middle row are located along the radii of the rods of the inner row and the gap 12 between them is the size necessary for the installation of couplers of the inner row and mountings of the filter mesh. The rods of the outer row are installed in the spaces of the middle rods symmetrically with respect to each other and serve for wave-like fastening of the filter mesh, while the size of the gap 13 between the rows affects the filter surface of the housing.

In the case, on a rigid frame 14, a conical, hollow with small holes in the lower part, spring-loaded activator 18, spring-loaded with a spring 16 with a drive 17, is mounted vertically along the axis, which compacts the bulk material and supplies compressed air through the holes in the lower part, which creates conditions for drainage and displacement of water from the center to the periphery of the housing, and also allows you to intensify the release of material from the hopper.

The operation of the device is as follows.

Bulk material with water supplied to the tank 1, is deposited in its central part of the body, water flows through the bulk material and flows to the filter screen 7 through its bulk, clarifies and flows along its outer side into the chute 10, from where it enters the sump. Large pieces of material due to its precipitated natural slope in the center of the body roll down to the inner wall 3, where they linger on the fence, forming a filter layer to clarify the water. Pieces of material that have passed through the fence to the filter screen 7, during unloading, leave through the gaps of the fences, which ensures a change in the filter layer of the material without additional labor.

Periodically, as and after filling the housing, the actuator 17 of the activator 18 is turned on, which compacts the bulk material with its reciprocating movements and creates conditions for active drainage of water from the center of the tank to the periphery. Through the cavity of the activator 18 and the hole 15, compressed air is supplied, which displaces the water to the periphery. Water drains through the material filtering the mesh 7, becomes clarified, and the loaded material is dehydrated to the required humidity and discharged through the shutter 9 in the bottom 8. If unloading is difficult, activator 18 is activated, which ensures its intensification. After which the cycle repeats.

List of references

1. Battaglia A. Dehydration of enrichment products and washing water circulation. - M .: Nedra, 1967. - P.73-76.

2. A.S. USSR No. 603427. A device for dewatering coarse materials. 1978. Bull. No. 15.

3. Kirzkhberg G. Mineral processing. - M.: Gosgortekhizdat, 1960 .-- p.351.

4. A.S. USSR No. 1585259. The method of unloading bulk materials from a vertical hopper with a lower outlet and a tapering lower part. 1990. Bull. No. 30.

5. A.S. USSR No. 1503854, class B01D 25/00. Device for dewatering granular materials. / Sazonov A.E., Kurlov Yu.Ya. Volchenko V.A. Claim 12/31/87. Publ. 08/20/89. Bull. Number 32.

Claims (6)

1. Device for dewatering bulk materials, comprising a housing of perforated walls, a bottom with a shutter, a spring-loaded activator, characterized in that the housing bottom is equipped with a drainage chute, the outer and inner walls of the housing are made of three rows of vertically mounted rods, transverse beams and couplers, filtering mesh fixed in waves on the rods of the outer and middle rows, and an activator with a drive is arranged vertically along the body axis, providing compaction of bulk material and intensifiers tion of its discharge from the apparatus. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods of the inner row are installed with a gap between each other of less than half the size of the maximum size of a piece of bulk material. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods of the middle row are located on the corresponding diametrical line of the rods of the inner row and the gap between them is the size needed to install the screed of the inner row and mount the filter mesh. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rods of the outer row are installed in the spaces of the rods of the middle and serve for wave-like fastening of the filter mesh. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the activator is made in the form of a hollow cone, which is movably mounted on a rigid frame mounted on the upper part of the housing. 6. The device according to claims 1 and 5, characterized in that in the lower working part of the activator holes are made for supplying compressed air to the moist granular material, displacing water from the granular mass to the periphery.

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