RU2360780C2 - Surface grinding device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device comprises a load bearing structure for the number of grinding heads. Each of the above heads incorporates a grinding element and a motor driving the grinding element coupled with the latter. Aforesaid load bearing element comprises a closed grinding head driving device that features, at least, one long side perpendicular to the carrier arranged there below. The said device is actuated, along the enclosed trajectory by, at least, one drive motor to provide for epicyclic travel of grinding elements over the workpiece.

EFFECT: uniform crosswise grinding of sheet workpiece with radiused and burrs by means simple-design device.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The present invention relates to a grinding device for processing a workpiece, comprising a support structure for a number of grinding heads, each of which comprises a grinding element and a grinding motor that drives a respective grinding element.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

When used in industry grinding or sanding products that contain edges, roundings and surfaces, for example, the upper surfaces of tables, various types of grinding devices are used that can grind the entire product in one pass through the grinding device. To obtain a high-quality surface, it is important that this grinding device does not leave any obvious marks arising in the direction of grinding or sanding.

There are, for example, grinding devices with a series of rollers, which are either wrapped with sandpaper or equipped with a number of grinding elements located in the longitudinal direction of the roller.

To eliminate the same directions of grinding by rollers, the grinding device is performed either with rollers, usually rotating in opposite directions, or with rollers installed at different angles to this surface.

The disadvantage of these types of rollers is the consumption of a large amount of sandpaper, which necessitates its frequent replacement. This circumstance causes a halt in production and increases the cost of grinding.

In addition, there is uneven wear of the grinding device along the roller, in particular, if necessary, grinding products with different sizes. In a typical case, the emery paper wears the most from the central portion of the roller.

International publication WO 99/22905 and European patent document EP 0471641 describe a different type of grinding device in which a series of rotating rollers are arranged around a vertical shaft attached to the drive unit so that, in addition to rotating relative to their own shaft, these rollers rotate in a horizontal plane relative to the vertical shaft.

Thus, an attempt was made to eliminate obvious signs of grinding by rotating the shaft relative to two shafts. International publication WO 99/22905 describes rollers that rotate in mutually different directions at different speeds.

The disadvantage of this device is that rollers with a direction of rotation opposite to the direction of rotation in the horizontal plane have a greater grinding effect than rollers having a direction of rotation identical with the direction of rotation in the horizontal plane.

In European patent document EP 0471641, a number of grinding devices are used, where each grinding device comprises a series of rollers rotating relative to a vertical shaft. To ensure the grinding of the entire product, these grinding devices are overlapped, causing uneven grinding, since there are areas of the product that undergo repeated grinding.

The disadvantage of both of the above grinding devices is the presence of long rollers designed for grinding wide products, which leads to correspondingly increased sizes of drive units for these rollers. This circumstance leads to large capital costs for such a grinding device and greater energy consumption.

US2002 / 068515 describes a surface treatment apparatus in which either a shaft with a grinding drum and / or a shaft with a number of round grinding brushes are used to surface a preferably flat product, and it is shown that the grinding brushes are arranged in two rows with in such a mutual arrangement that the grinding region of the second row of grinding brushes exactly overlaps the grinding region of the first row of grinding brushes.

This design of the surface treatment apparatus causes a non-uniform surface treatment, since the grinding areas of the two rows of grinding brushes overlap each other, so that only one grinding of the surface of the product occurs.

This means that this device does not provide effective grinding / grinding of the edges and rounding of the product, since, for example, a fixed grinding drum can only grind the surface and front end edges / rounding, and a shaft with an overlapping grinding area of grinding brushes provides only single grinding of large sections surface.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The aim of this invention is to provide a grinding device having a simple structure, in which, through a series of movable grinding elements, it is possible to evenly cross-sand a product or workpiece with edges, roundings and burrs while minimizing the consumption of sandpaper.

This goal is achieved by means of the grinding device described in the characterizing part of claim 1, in which the support structure comprises infinite means of movement for the grinding heads driven in a circular path, so that at least one long side is perpendicular to the conveyor below, by at least one drive motor to create an epicyclic movement of the grinding elements over the workpiece during operation.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

To be able to grind the product in one pass through the grinding device, the latter is equipped with a number of grinding elements, which are driven by drive motors and contain a number of grinding heads.

These grinding heads are connected to a support structure holding the grinding heads in position in relation to the surface of the product.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, these grinding elements are circular grinding wheels attached to grinding motors so that they are in a horizontal plane and preferably parallel to the surface of the workpiece to be ground.

To grind the whole product in one pass, the support structure contains a means of movement for grinding heads, driven by drive motors.

This solution leads to the fact that the individual grinding elements in addition to the fact that they can rotate around their own vertical shaft, can move horizontally across the workpiece in the direction perpendicular to the vertical shaft of the grinding elements. This, in turn, provides grinding of the entire workpiece in one pass through the grinding device, since the grinding elements perform epicyclic movement across this workpiece.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the moving means is a closed loop, making it possible to move the grinding heads in a circular path from one side to the opposite side and back to the first side so that the surface of the product is processed by two rows of grinding heads in one pass through this device.

In this way, a very uniform grinding of the product is achieved, since the second row of grinding heads usually performs grinding in the opposite direction and, thus, possible irregularities arising from the grinding process carried out by the first row of grinding heads are smoothed out, while grinding of the product edge is usually carried out by at least two grinding heads.

In one embodiment of the invention, the grinding elements are attached to the grinding motors of the fixed shaft, whereby products with uniform thickness can be sanded / sanded on the upper front side, since sandpaper on all grinding elements is parallel to this surface.

In a second embodiment of the invention, the grinding elements are attached to grinding motors with a movable shaft, for example a universal shaft, or a shaft with a ball joint / bowl joint, whereby workpieces / articles with uneven thickness can be sanded on the upper front side, since sandpaper may in this case follow the outline of the surface of the product.

To improve the grinding quality and eliminate uneven grinding of the product, each grinding head contains a grinding element with an appropriate grinding engine, due to which it is possible to obtain a different direction of rotation for each individual grinding element.

For example:

- every second grinding head may have a direction of rotation identical with the direction of rotation of the grinding element, while the intermediate grinding heads have the opposite direction of rotation; or

- every third grinding head may have a direction of rotation identical with the direction of rotation of the grinding element, while the intermediate grinding heads have the opposite direction of rotation.

Different directions of rotation of the subsequent grinding elements lead to the possibility of the predominant use of this grinding device in the cleaning and grinding of edges and roundings. The lateral movement of the grinding heads additionally leads to the fact that the workpiece is epicyclic movement, creating a more efficient grinding of the edges and rounding of the product.

The lateral movement of the grinding heads must be adjusted in accordance with the speed of movement of the product through the grinding device so that the movement of the grinding heads is carried out at least at such a speed that the product is subjected to double grinding so that there are no unpolished areas on the product.

To move the grinding heads across the product feed direction, the moving means is equipped with a number of drive chains or belts configured to interact with a drive wheel driven by drive motors.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, four of these drive wheels are arranged in a rectangle shape in the support frame so that the grinding heads attached to the transport means are first driven across the article and then back across the article.

If the means of movement is a drive chain, then the drive wheels are a chain drive that interacts with the drive chain and, thus, drives the means of movement together with the grinding heads.

If the means of movement is a drive belt in the form of a V-shaped belt, then the drive wheels must be either drive wheels with a flat surface, which, through the force of resistance between them and the V-shaped belt, will drive the movement means with the grinding heads in a circular motion, or a gear drive wheel that interacts with the gear side of the V-belt.

Alternatively, the moving means may be made of wire or wide tapes, or the like, and the drive wheel is a narrow drive wheel or roller, respectively.

Instead of placing the drive wheels in a support frame in the form of a rectangle, you can consider placing the wheels in other polygonal forms of arrangement, for example:

- the location of the three drive wheels in the shape of a triangle, or

- The location of the five drive wheels in the shape of a pentagon.

Alternatively, it is possible to use only two drive wheels around which the moving means is moved, with two rows of grinding heads located directly behind each other. This solution imposes a requirement on the grinding elements, which consists in the fact that the grinding elements should not be too large in diameter, since the grinding heads cannot pass each other when moving across the product.

It is preferable to move two rows of grinding heads across the product at a certain distance, since time and space are required to remove material removed during processing from the product that was formed as a result of the action of the first row of grinding heads so as not to impede the second row of grinding heads to perform optimal grinding.

Instead of having drive wheels attached to a drive motor at each corner of the support frame, some of these drive wheels may be idle wheels that serve only to guide the vehicle.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the conveyance means is a wide toothed belt extending along two large sprockets, one located on each side of the grinding device. In this case, the grinding heads are located on the toothed belt.

Since the grinding device must be used on products with different thicknesses or for products with variable thicknesses, it contains a frame in which the support structure can be adjusted in height by a number of means of creating a bias force.

Since the support frame with grinding heads has considerable weight, a number of means of creating a bias force are used to raise / lower the support frame in the device frame.

This solution provides the possibility of placing the support frame in the frame of the device at a predetermined level, whereby the grinding elements can be located so that they grind the product of a certain thickness.

The means for generating the biasing force may be cylinders, rack and pinion gears, mechanical rocker mechanisms, rotary mechanisms or the like, which can be driven hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically.

The fact that the support frame can be adjusted in height makes it easier to raise the support frame to a level that is easily accessible for replacing grinding elements.

Grinding elements may contain:

- grinding discs mounted on the grinding wheel, for example by means of Velcro surfaces, or

- grinding wheels made with a rod attached to the shaft for grinding the engines, for example, through a threaded socket.

Thus, it is possible to quickly replace the grinding elements without the need for a long interruption of the production process when it is necessary to replace the grinding elements.

In addition, grinding heads may comprise grinding elements with various components, such as sandpaper, grinding brushes, wire brushes, polishing cloths or brushes.

The proposed grinding device can be used in the woodworking industry, as well as in other industrial fields where it is necessary to grind surfaces, for example, in the automotive industry, where it is necessary to grind sections of a car made of sheet material.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following is a description of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

figure 1 depicts a perspective view of a grinding device in accordance with this invention;

figure 2 depicts a section of the grinding device shown in figure 1;

figure 3 depicts a side view of the grinding device shown in figure 1;

figure 4 depicts an additional side view of the grinding device shown in figure 1;

5 depicts a grinding head;

6 depicts an alternative embodiment of a support frame, and

Fig.7 depicts an installation with a grinding device.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Figures 1-4 show a grinding device 1 comprising a series of grinding heads 6, comprising a grinding engine 3 and a grinding element 2.

Each grinding head is suspended in the support frame 4 along the means of movement 9 using the plate 14.

The moving means 9 is arranged to interact with drive wheels 11, which are driven by drive motors 5.

In the shown embodiment, the grinding device 1 has two driving wheels 11 and two idle wheels 10 arranged in a rectangle shape so that the grinding heads 6 are driven perpendicularly and transverse to the direction A of the workpiece or article (not shown). The drive wheels 11 are located in opposite corners of the support frame 4.

The moving means 9 is shown in the form of two chains interacting with the driving wheels 11a, 11b and the idle wheels 10a, 10b respectively mounted above and below, which are shown as sprockets.

To keep the grinding heads in an upright position so that the grinding elements 2 are parallel to the surface of the product (not shown), the frame 7 of the device is equipped with a wire / belt 13, preventing lateral deviations of the grinding heads 6.

The supporting frame 4 is connected to the frame 7 through the drive wheels 11 / idle wheels 10 and part 15 of the frame with the possibility of height adjustment by means of a cylinder 12.

Figure 5 shows the grinding head 6, containing the grinding element 2, which is connected with the possibility of driving to the engine 3, while it is suspended on the plate element 21, forming a connection between the grinding head 6 and the supporting frame (not shown).

Figure 6 shows an alternative support frame 4, on which a number of grinding heads 6 are located on an endless means of movement 9, shown in this case in the form of a wide toothed belt. The moving means 9 is connected to the drive motor 5 so that the grinding heads 6 can be driven in circular motion on the support frame 4, while the motors 3 simultaneously rotate the grinding elements 2, thereby creating an epicyclic movement of the individual grinding elements 2 .

Figure 7 shows the installation, consisting of two grinding devices 22 and 23 located in the frame 7 of the device, and the first grinding device 22 is located so that the grinding elements 2 are in contact with the surface of the product 20, which moves along the roller conveyor 24. When this second grinding device 23 is located in the frame of the device so that the grinding elements 2 are in contact with the back side of the product 20 when it moves from the roller conveyor 24 to the roller conveyor 25. Both grinding devices tripods 22 and 23 are made in the device frame 7 with the possibility of height adjustment by means of cylinders 12. Using the arrangement shown in Fig. 7, it is possible to process the surface of the product 20 on both sides in one pass.

Claims (3)

1. A grinding device for processing a workpiece (20), comprising a support structure (4) for a series of grinding heads (6), each of which contains a grinding element (2) and an engine (3) that provides grinding and drives the associated grinding element (2), characterized in that the supporting structure (4) comprises closed means (9) for moving the grinding heads (6), made with at least one long side perpendicular to the conveyor located below, and driven by a closed trajectory and by at least one drive motor (5) to create an epicyclic movement of the grinding elements (2) over the workpiece (20) during operation. 2. A grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that said means (9) of movement are formed by a series of drive chains or belts configured to interact with a drive wheel (11) driven by drive motors (5). 3. A grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a frame (7), in which the supporting structure (4) is positioned with height adjustment by a number of means (12) for creating a biasing force.

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