RU2354887C1 - Cyclone furnace extension - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to facilities for incineration of processed wood biomass; it can be implemented in industrial power engineering. The technical result is achieved in the cyclone furnace extension consisting of tangential nozzles of primary air and of a branch for axial supply of fuel, of an after burning chamber for big fractions, which is installed under the cyclone chamber and is connected with the latter by means of a throat, of a conic grate with supply of secondary air under it, installed in the lower part of the after burning chamber, on the side surface of which there is assembled an outlet branch; also the cyclone chamber in the portion below the tangential nozzles of primary air has a shape of round truncated cone.

EFFECT: increased fuel combustion, and expanded range of efficient incineration of wood residues of excessive humidity to 65%.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for burning waste wood biomass processing and may find application in industrial power engineering.

Known cyclone pre-furnace containing a cyclone chamber, an afterburner, a grate located in the cyclone chamber, and tangential nozzles. The pre-furnace design provides for two-stage burning of wood waste in the lower and upper combustion chambers. The crushed fuel from the hopper is fed by a hydraulic plunger through a large diameter pipe to the grate through a special hole in its center. The resulting conical pile of wood waste is ignited by a gas pilot burner that automatically shuts off after the start of sustainable fuel combustion (E.N. Saburov, S.V. Karpov. Cyclonic devices in woodworking and pulp and paper production. M: Ecology, 1993, pp. .77 ... 79).

Known vertical cyclone pre-furnace [patent for invention No. 2196273 of the Russian Federation by application No. 2001114059, ed. fig. Saburov EN, Lyubov VK, Gorokhov SG] containing a cyclone chamber, an afterburner, a grate and tangential nozzles, an afterburner mounted under the cyclone, a round pinch with a shoulder was installed between the chambers, the grate was made conical and located in the afterburner, the outlet pipe is placed on the side surface of the afterburner.

This technical solution is the closest to the claimed and taken as a prototype.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the insufficient completeness of fuel burn and the range of effective burning of wood waste with high humidity.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase the completeness of fuel burnout, expanding the range of efficient burning of wood waste with high humidity up to 65%.

This is achieved by the fact that in a device containing a cyclone chamber equipped with tangential nozzles of primary air and a nozzle for axial fuel injection, a large fraction combustion chamber located under the cyclone and connected to it by a clamp, a conical grate with a secondary air supply under it, installed in the lower part of the afterburning chamber, on the lateral surface of which the outlet pipe is located, the cyclone chamber below the tangential nozzles of the primary air has the shape of a round truncated cone.

Figure 1 shows a General view, combined with a longitudinal section of a cyclone pre-furnace; figure 2 is a horizontal section aa; figure 3 is a horizontal section bb.

The cyclone pre-furnace contains two chambers: a cyclone 1, which is below the tangential nozzle, has the shape of a round truncated cone, and a large fraction combustion chamber 2 with a conical grate 3, pipe 4 for supplying secondary air, pipe 5 for supplying fuel, pinch 6, four tangential nozzles 7 for supplying primary air and an outlet pipe 8.

The operation of the cyclone pre-heating is as follows.

The fuel is supplied axially through the nozzle 5. Through four tangential nozzles 7, primary air is introduced into the working volume of the chamber 1, where the main combustion process is carried out. Here the fuel interacts with a swirling flow. To increase the residence time of fuel particles in the volume of the cyclone chamber, to increase the reliability of ignition and burnout of the fuel, the cyclone chamber, below the tangential nozzles 7, is made in the form of a round truncated cone. The gasification products and unburned fuel particles through the pinch hole 6 fall into the afterburner, where the flow is also swirling, but to a much lesser extent. The axial reverse current, which forms in the afterburner and penetrates back into the cyclone chamber, favors the combustion of the fuel and the mixing of the combustion products. To complete the combustion process of large fractions, a process of their layer-by-layer burning on the cone-type grate 3 is organized, under which secondary air is supplied through the pipe 4. The openings of the grate are made in such a way as to provide additional twisting of the gases in the direction of the main rotation and to increase the completeness and speed of their burnout. The removal of combustion products into the volume of the combustion chamber of the boiler is carried out through the outlet pipe 8.

In the course of the work, aerodynamic studies of the cyclone pre-heating model were carried out and its optimal geometric and operational parameters were determined.

The proposed cyclone pre-furnace is well combined with existing boiler units, the presence of the taper of the lateral surface of the cyclone chamber, below the tangential nozzles, will increase the completeness of fuel burn and increase the range of efficient burning of wood waste with high humidity.

Claims (1)

A cyclone pre-furnace containing a cyclone chamber equipped with tangential nozzles of primary air and a nozzle for axial fuel injection, a large fraction combustion chamber located under the cyclone and connected to it by a pinch, a conical grate with secondary air supply under it, installed in the lower part of the afterburner, on the side surface of which the outlet pipe is located, the cyclone chamber in the part below the tangential nozzles of the primary air has the shape of a round truncated cone.

Images