RU2353897C2 - Shotshell - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapon and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed shotshell has a case, made from high-strength solid fuel with a sabot, inside of which there is a set of bullets. On the axis of the shotshell there is a perforated gas vent, joined to a nozzle which is provided with a sabot.

EFFECT: increased speed of a bullet with minimum loss of mass on a boosting device.

9 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to ammunition, and more particularly to card artillery shells. Card shells operate at close distances from the gun and are mainly intended for self-defense. Known 120-mm tank firing projectile M 1028 USA with a plastic or aluminum housing containing 1100 spherical bullets made of an alloy based on tungsten. The projectile was adopted in December 2004 (technical information NIO-702 from 12/11/2005, Internet). Card (anti-personnel) tank shell according to US patent No. 6988450 B1 contains a plastic or aluminum case, filled with spherical bullets. Card projectile according to German patent DE 3617415 C2, adopted as a prototype, contains a sleeve in the back of which is fastened with a metal pallet. The sleeve is filled with bullets (striking elements) in the form of steel balls. Immediately after the projectile leaves the gun barrel, the shell is destroyed and a sheaf of balls is formed, flying at a speed equal to the muzzle velocity of the projectile.

When using a projectile in guns with a low muzzle velocity, for example, in infantry (assault) or mountain guns, the range of the bullets is insufficient. An increase in the projectile speed can be achieved by using an active-reactive circuit, i.e. giving the projectile a rocket accelerator, giving it an additional speed (usually 200-300 m / s) on the trajectory. In this case, the engine casing and the shell of the bullet block, which must be strong enough to withstand the action of centrifugal forces in the block, must have a significant mass, which leads to a decrease in the payload of the projectile (mass of the bullet block).

The objective of the present invention is to increase the efficiency of the projectile. The technical solution consists in the fact that the shell of the projectile shell is made of high-strength solid fuel, the pan is equipped with a nozzle, and a perforated gas outlet pipe connected to the nozzle is located along the axis of the projectile. The technical result is to increase the speed of bullets with a minimum expenditure of mass on the accelerating device.

Figure 1 shows a shell with a monolithic shell, figure 2 - a shell with a front bottom, figure 3 - a perforated tube with shelves, figure 4 - a tube with side bends, figure 5 - a shell stabilized by the open plumage , in Fig.6 - forms of execution of bullets with cutting ribs, in Fig.7 - a projectile with arrow-shaped striking elements, in Fig.8 - the action of the projectile shell.

The projectile projectile (Fig. 1) contains a metal pallet 1 provided with an axial nozzle 2 and a driving belt 3. The pallet is fastened to the shell of the projectile 4 made of high-strength solid fuel. A perforated gas outlet tube 5 connected to the nozzle 2 is located along the axis of the projectile. A block of bullets 6 is placed in the inner cavity of the shell 4. The solid-fuel shell is coated externally with thin-walled metal or plastic cladding 7. The shell inside can be reinforced with high-strength threads, for example carbon fiber. Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the projectile. The projectile is equipped with a front bottom 8 made of metal or heat-resistant plastic and rigidly bonded to a perforated gas outlet pipe.

Figure 3, 4 shows embodiments of a perforated vent pipe. The tube shown in figure 3, is equipped with shelves 9, providing transmission of torque from the pallet to the block of bullets. The tube shown in figure 4, is equipped with lateral perforated bends 10.

In the options for firing a projectile from smooth-bore systems or from rifled systems without communicating rotation to the projectile, there is no leading belt on the pallet, and flight stabilization is performed using the opening stabilizer 11 (Fig. 5).

Bullets (ready-to-use striking elements) are made in the form of simple compact bodies (ball, cube, parallelepiped) or to increase the effectiveness of personal protective equipment (helmet, bulletproof vest) in the form of bodies having cutting ribs, for example in the form of an oblique parallelepiped, a direct prism of a rhombic sections (see patent No. 2025644), a disk (Fig.6, a) or a polyhedron (Fig.6, b).

A significant increase in the range and effectiveness of the projectile can be achieved through the use of swept damaging elements (SPE). Laying the SPE in the cavity of the projectile can be performed both parallel to the axis of the projectile and perpendicularly (Fig.7). The free flow of the combustion products of the solid fuel shell to the perforated tube is ensured by shaped inserts placed in a set of SPEs. Bullets (GGE, SPE) are made of steel or heavy alloys, for example, based on tungsten.

The action of the projectile shell shown in Fig. When fired, propellant propellant gases penetrate through the nozzle and perforated tube into the projectile and ignite the solid fuel shell from the inside. Ignition of the shell from the outside is prevented by the lining 7. The products of combustion through loose packing of the bullets flow to the perforated tube and then to the nozzle. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the combustion products also flow through the lateral bends 10. Expiring from the nozzle, the combustion products give the projectile an extra speed. When the shell burns out from the inside, the wall thickness continuously decreases, and the bullet block settles towards the bottom of the projectile. When the critical wall thickness is reached, it is destroyed by the products of combustion and centrifugal forces (for a rotating projectile) and the bullets disintegrate, forming an axial flow that affects targets. Additional effects of the bullets are achieved by heating them during the passage of the combustion products of the solid fuel shell in the gaps between the bullets. Bullets heated to a temperature of 600-800 ° C have an intense incendiary effect.

Total projectile weight 20 kg Solid fuel shell mass 10 kg The total mass of bullets 6 kg Mass of pallet 2 kg Specific impulse high strength solid fuel 2000 m / s Muzzle velocity 400 m / s Additional speed reported by the engine 300 m / s

The probability of hitting a group target with one shot:

- at a distance of 1000 m 0.95 - at a distance of 2000 m 0.7 - at a distance of 4000 m 0.5

Claims (9)

1. Card artillery shell containing a shell with a pan, inside which is a set of bullets, characterized in that the shell is made of high-strength solid fuel, the pan is equipped with a nozzle, and a perforated gas outlet pipe connected to the nozzle is located along the axis of the shell. 2. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid fuel shell is coated externally with a thin-walled metal or plastic cladding of inert material. 3. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid fuel shell is reinforced with high-strength carbon filaments. 4. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the opening stabilizer is fixed on the pallet. 5. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial perforated tube is provided with lateral perforated bends. 6. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the axial perforated tube is provided with longitudinal shelves. 7. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the solid fuel shell is made monolithic with a hemispherical head. 8. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a front bottom made of metal or heat-resistant plastic and rigidly fastened with a perforated tube. 9. The projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the bullets are made in the form of bodies having cutting ribs, such as an oblique box, a direct prism of a rhombic section, a disk, a polyhedron, or in the form of arrow-shaped elements.

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