RU2353797C2 - Power system based on float pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to float pump units in power systems based on float pumps, in which water motion is used for transportation of gas, liquid and their combinations from one place to another. Float pump comprises float having controlled volume, which is arranged with the possibility of return displacement under effect of waves, piston installed with the possibility of sliding inside piston cylinder and connected to float. Piston is arranged with the possibility of return displacement in the first direction and second direction under effect of float motion. Piston moves in the second direction for suction of working fluid medium into piston cylinder and moves in the first direction for removal of working medium from piston cylinder.

EFFECT: creation of environmentally safe, highly efficient, low cost devices for power generation.

27 cl, 30 dwg, 4 tbl

Description

Field of use of the invention

This invention as a whole relates to pumping units, and more precisely, but not limited to, to float pumping units in energy systems based on float pumps, which use the movement of water to move gas, liquid and their combinations from one place to another.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Numerous attempts have been made to use a phenomenon commonly referred to as waves and to convert the energy observed in waves into usable reliable energy sources. The wave phenomenon includes the transfer of energy and momentum through impulses of vibrations through substances in various states; for example, in the case of electromagnetic waves, through a vacuum. Theoretically, the medium itself does not move during the passage of energy through it. The particles that make up such a medium only move along translational or cyclic (orbital) trajectories, transferring energy from one particle to another. Waves like those that form on the surface of the ocean have particle movements that are neither longitudinal nor transverse. Rather, the movement of particles in such a wave usually contains components of both longitudinal and transverse waves. Longitudinal waves usually contain particles moving back and forth in the direction of energy transfer. Such waves transmit energy through matter in any state. Transverse waves usually contain particles moving back and forth at right angles to the direction of energy transfer. Such waves transmit energy only through solids. In an orbital wave, particles move along orbital trajectories. Such waves transmit energy along the interface between two fluids (liquids or gases).

Waves that arise, for example, on the surface of the ocean, usually contain components of both a longitudinal wave and a shear wave, since they carry out movements along closed paths at the interface between the atmosphere and the ocean in the ocean wave. Waves usually have several easily definable characteristics. Such characteristics include: a peak, which is the highest point of the wave; the hollow, which is the lowest point of the wave; height, which is the distance in the vertical direction between the top and the bottom; the wavelength, which is the distance in the horizontal direction between the peak and the trough; a period that represents the transit time of a single wavelength; frequency, which is the number of waves that pass a fixed point per unit time, as well as amplitude, which is half the height and is directly related to the wave energy.

Numerous attempts have been made to make practical use of the energy generated by wave phenomena that have been traced back to the beginning of the last century, such as the device described in US Pat. No. 597,833 issued Jan. 25, 1898. These attempts included the construction of wave walls to capture the energy generated in the wave; the use of devices having rails and guides, as well as containing complex mechanisms for converting the energy generated in the wave; development of pumps designed to be used only for shallow waves; the construction of towers and similar structures in those places near the seashore where tides and tidal waves are observed. Other attempts have also been made, which are not described in detail here.

Each of these systems has numerous disadvantages. For example, individual devices intended for use in seawater are accordingly exposed to harsh environmental conditions. Such devices contain numerous mechanical parts that require constant maintenance and replacement, thus making these devices unacceptable. The use of other devices is limited only by the coastal zone of the sea or shallow water, which limits the possibilities of placing these systems, making these devices thus unacceptable. And finally, other devices are unable to use the full energy available in the wave, i.e. they suffer losses during its selection, which leads to a low efficiency of the device.

The depletion of traditional energy sources, such as oil, leads to the need for alternative highly efficient energy sources. The greenhouse effect, caused by phenomena such as global warming and the like, also contributes to the need for environmentally friendly devices for generating energy. The depletion of readily available known fuel sources leads to an increase in the cost of energy, which is felt on a global scale. This in turn contributes to the need to create environmentally friendly, highly efficient, low-cost devices for generating energy.

The need for readily available and low-cost sources of energy is also acute throughout the world. In places such as China, rivers are blocked by dams to create powerful sources to provide energy to a rapidly growing population. The implementation of such projects may be twenty or more years before their completion. At the same time, the energy generated by such a dam does not even begin until the completion of such a project. Thus, this is another reason for the need for a device for generating energy, which produces energy immediately during construction and has a short construction time.

Summary of the invention

The above problems and needs are solved by a system comprising float pump units driven by waves or currents in accordance with this invention. These float pump units comprise a float housing defining a float chamber through which fluid can flow. The float is located inside the float chamber with the possibility of movement in the axial direction inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction as the fluid lowers in the float chamber.

The piston cylinder is attached to the float housing and has at least one valve located inside and operates as an inlet device during movement of the float in the second direction and as an outlet device during movement of the float in the first direction. The piston is slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float. It is placed with the ability to move in the first and second directions. When the float moves in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when the float moves in the first direction, this fluid is displaced through the at least one valve.

If these float pump units are designed for pumping liquids, they are connected to well-known reservoirs. This accumulated fluid is subsequently used to drive a hydraulic turbine to generate electrical energy. If the pumped medium is gas, then the float pumping units are connected to known gas storage devices. This accumulated gas is subsequently used to drive a gas turbine to generate electrical energy.

One of the constructive embodiments of the process of generating electricity includes a method and apparatus for converting the movement of waves into mechanical energy. Fluid moves under the influence of mechanical energy into the reservoir. This fluid flows out of the reservoir. At least a portion of the kinetic energy of this fluid is converted to electrical energy. This fluid may be liquid or gas.

When developing float pumping units intended for placement in a body of water, a method and apparatus with a float pumping unit can be used. This system may comprise a computing system comprising a processor configured to operate with software. This software receives input parameters containing statistical data from a given water area, and calculates at least one size of the float device of the float pump unit as a function of these input parameters. This size (s) of the float device is selected in such a way as to enable the float device to create a pressure head for lifting the fluid transported by this float pump unit.

Another embodiment, in accordance with the essence of the present invention, includes a method and apparatus for generating electricity from the energy of waves of a water space using a turbine. This device comprises float pump units installed in the water at a certain distance so as to (i) substantially restore waveform after passing through at least one first float pump unit, and (ii) to actuate at least one second float pump unit. These float pumping units are arranged to move a fluid to drive a turbine.

Brief description of the attached drawings

A more complete understanding of the method and device according to this invention can be achieved by studying the following detailed description, in which the corresponding item numbers indicate the corresponding elements, made in accordance with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a disassembled side view of the float pump unit according to the first embodiment in accordance with this invention for use in an energy system based on float pumps;

Fig. 2A is a top view of the float pump unit shown in Fig. 1;

FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the device shown in FIG. 2A taken along line 2B-2B;

Fig. 2C is an assembled side view of the float pump unit shown in Fig. 1;

3A-3C are top, side, and isometric views of an example float in accordance with this invention;

3D is a local sectional view of an example of a float having a telescopically extendable portion;

3E-3F are top views of an example of an adjustable base for one example of a float in a constricted state and an expanded state, respectively;

4A-4C are side views of the float pump unit shown in FIG. 1 during the passage of a wave through this float pump unit;

Fig. 4D is a schematic representation of a typical wave;

Figure 5 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of the proposed float pump unit for use in an energy system based on float pumps in accordance with this invention;

6 is a side view of another embodiment of the proposed float pump unit for use in an energy system based on float pumps in accordance with this invention;

7 is a side view of another embodiment of the proposed float pump unit for use in an energy system based on float pumps in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 8 is a side view of another embodiment of the inventive wave energy pump, another alternative embodiment of a float pump unit for use in an energy system based on float pumps in accordance with this invention;

Fig.9 is a side view of another embodiment of the proposed float pump unit for use in an energy system based on float pumps in accordance with this invention;

Figure 10 is a side view of another embodiment of the proposed float pump unit, intended for use in an energy system based on float pumps in accordance with this invention;

11 is a side view of a float pump unit associated with an exemplary device for cultivating aquaculture and intended for use in an energy system based on float pumps in accordance with this invention;

12A is an illustration of a ring of a float chamber that can be used as a structural element of another embodiment of a float pump unit;

Fig. 12B is a top perspective view taken in the cross-sectional direction of the float chamber shown in Fig. 1, where the ring of the float chamber shown in Fig. 12A is used;

Fig. 12C is another embodiment of a ring of the float chamber shown in Fig. 12A and made in the form of a piston chamber cover;

Fig is a diagram of a device for dynamically determining and / or adjusting the size of the float based on wave data, which shows a schematic representation of the proposed float on the monitor of a computing system;

Fig is a view of the proposed energy system based on float pumps, which uses a water tower, in accordance with this invention;

FIG. 15 is a view of an energy system based on float pumps in an alternative embodiment in accordance with the present invention; FIG.

Fig is a view of another energy system based on float pumps in an alternative embodiment;

Figa is an image of a pump field 1700, which contains a float pump blocks configured to move a fluid into the tank under the influence of waves in the ocean; as well as

Figv is an enlarged view of the layout of the float pumping units, including individual float pumping units.

Detailed description of the attached drawings

To solve the problems mentioned above, a float pump unit is provided for converting potential energy, which is contained in the natural movement of very large volumes of water in the form of the ocean, lake, river, but not limited to them, which is swell and waves, into mechanical energy with relatively high efficiency. This float pump unit is configured to pump both gas or liquid, or combinations thereof. As is customary in the presentation, a fluid substance is defined both as a liquid and as a gas, thus including both air and water.

The pumped gas or liquid as sources of mechanical energy can be used in this case in turbines of power plants, pneumatic tools, ventilation devices or any other mechanical devices using this type of energy. Such a source of mechanical energy can also be used to generate electrical energy using similar mechanical conversion devices.

1 to 2C, the float pump unit 100 is shown in various forms according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This float pump unit 100 comprises a base 102, a float cylinder 104 connected on one side to the base 102, and on the other hand closed by a cap 106 of the float cylinder, and also a piston cylinder 108 connected on one side to the cap 106 of the float cylinder and located essentially coaxially with the float cylinder 104. On the other hand, the piston cylinder 108 is closed by the piston cylinder cover 110. The float cylinder 104 is closed on one side by the upper surface of the base 102, and on the other hand by the cap 106 of the float cylinder to form the float chamber 112 inside.

A float 114 of a substantially cylindrical shape is slidably disposed within the float chamber 112 and axially movable within. A piston rod 116 connected to the upper end of the float 114 is substantially aligned with it and exits through an opening 118 in the cap 106 of the float cylinder. A piston 120 of a substantially cylindrical shape is slidably disposed within the piston cylinder 108 and connected at the lower end to the other end of the piston rod 116 to move substantially axially within. The piston cylinder 108 is closed on one side by the upper surface of the piston 120, and on the other hand by the cover 110 of the piston cylinder to form the piston chamber 122 inside.

The inlet valve 124 and the exhaust valve 126 are located inside the cover 110 of the piston cylinder and are in fluid communication with the piston chamber 122, allowing the passage of gas or liquid. The inlet line 128 and the outlet line 130 are connected to the inlet valve 124 and the outlet valve 126, respectively, and are configured to allow gas or liquid to pass in or out on the other sides.

The base 102 may include ballast to hold the float pump unit 100 stationary relative to the installation site. The base 102 may also include a reservoir for accumulating gas or liquid pumped inwardly, which is connected to an exhaust line 130 for passing inward air or liquid from the piston chamber 122. If the base 102 is to be used as a reservoir, then the outlet 132 of the base can be connected with it to ensure the flow of gas or liquid to the desired location from the base 102. It must be borne in mind that the location of the exit 132 from the base in this base 102 can be placed in any base 102.

The float cylinder 104, which may also be a float housing, may be attached to the upper surface of the base 102 by chains 134, which in turn are connected to the float cylinder 104. Thus, the chains 134 provide stability to the float cylinder 104 on the base 102. Of course, guy wires or other means of connection may be used to connect the float cylinder 104 to the base 102, and the present invention is not limited to circuits 134 serving as these connection means.

The float cylinder 104 may also have a plurality of holes evenly spaced around the perimeter to allow passage of a fluid stream, such as water, through the float cylinder 104 surrounding the buoyancy unit 114. To reduce the turbulence of the waves accompanying such flow, a plurality of compensating holes 131 may be provided on the float cylinder 104. Thus, the float cylinder 104 may comprise a cage or similar structure to reduce friction associated with the gas flowing through the float cylinder 104.

The float cylinder 104 has a predetermined length. The length of the float cylinder 104 depends on the movement of the float 114 in various liquid media. For example, when the float pump unit 100 is located in ocean conditions, the length of the float cylinder 104 must be adjustable to ensure the operation of the float pump unit 100 under conditions of annual changes in tides and tides and wave heights. When the float pump unit 100 is located, for example, in a lake, the length of the float cylinder 104 does not require adjustment according to the operational characteristics of the wave height.

In another example, in a body of water having a depth of 10 feet (3,048 m), the float cylinder should be at least 10 feet (3,048 m) and have an additional 7 feet (2,134 m) of working height beyond those 10 feet (3,048 m) for ensure movement of the float inside the float chamber. Accordingly, this float cylinder should have a height of 17 feet and 7 feet (2.134 m) of effective travel. However, if the body of water has changes in tidal characteristics, this example undergoes certain changes.

In a modified example, with a float pump unit located in a 10-foot (3,048 m) deep body of water, a 2-foot (0.6096 m) tide change results in a 2-foot (0.6096 m) loss of useful travel. To account for this change, the difference between the lower and upper levels of the annual cycle is added to the length of the float cylinder to be used. Those. in conditions where the maximum wave height is 7 feet (2,134 m), the low tide level is 10 feet (3,048 m), and the tide level is 14 feet (4,267 m), the difference between the low and high tide levels will be 4 feet (1,219 m). This value is added to the length of the float cylinder (7 feet (2,134 m) (for maximum wave height) + 10 feet (3,048 m) (to enable the float pump unit to operate at low tide) + 4 feet (1,219 m) (difference between tide levels and low tide)) to the full length of the float cylinder 21 feet (6.401 m). This allows you to travel 7 feet (2.134 m) on high tide days with full use of transmitted waves.

The cover 106 of the float cylinder is configured to install a cylinder 108 on it, and the hole 118 in it is configured to prevent liquid from entering the float chamber 112 through the piston cylinder 108. The cover 106 of the float cylinder can be connected to the float cylinder 104 when using a welded, threaded or other suitable connection, made with the possibility of resistance to external loads, and must also withstand the loads created by the piston cylinder 108 and its structural elements ktsii. Seals may be used in the bore 118 of the cap 106 to prevent liquids or gases from entering the piston cylinder 108 from the float chamber 112. The cylinder 108 is configured to seal the interior of the piston cylinder 108 from the environment. The piston cylinder 108 is made of a material that is able to withstand environmental influences, including water in lakes, oceans, and rivers.

The float 114 located inside the float chamber 112 is substantially cylindrical and has a conical upper surface. The float 114 has such a predetermined buoyancy to move cyclically in accordance with the hydrodynamic parameters of the water in which the float pump unit 100 is installed, as well as the hydraulic or pneumatic characteristics of the float pump unit 100 itself. The buoyancy of the float 114 can be adjusted accordingly depending on the properties and hydrodynamic water and device characteristics. Such adjustment can be done by (1) manually adjusting or remotely the float 114 in the axial direction or in the radial direction relative to the float chamber 112 or in both directions; and (2) regulation of other characteristics of the float 114, which affect its behavior in water. Examples of regulatory tools are described in more detail below.

The piston rod 116 is connected to the float 114 and the piston 120 by corresponding connections 136, 138. These connections 136, 138 may have a movable or flexible design depending on the radial movement of the piston 120 or the float 114 when the piston 120 and the float 114 are not aligned. Such mobility or flexibility can be achieved by using a swivel or other suitable types of connection.

The design of the piston rod 116 should be lightweight and resistant to environmental influences, i.e. the piston rod 116 operates in harsh environmental conditions. Also, the design of the piston rod 116 must ensure the transfer of forces from the float 114 to the piston 120 and from the piston 120 to the float 114. In addition, the piston rod 116 is adjustable by telescopic extension so that the length of the piston rod 116 can increase or decrease by depending on the operating requirements of the float pump unit 100. Adjustment of the piston rod 116 may be necessary when the pumped medium is air or if the height of the waves or swell is less than required. Such regulation ensures maximum use of the potential energy of the waves or swell.

To provide a seal to the piston chamber 122, the piston 120, which is slidably disposed within the piston cylinder 108, may have a seal therebetween located along the perimeter of the piston 120. The seal is configured to prevent leakage of gas or liquid from the external environment into the piston chamber 122 or from the piston chamber 122 into the external environment, while the piston 120 remains sliding inside the piston chamber 122.

The inlet and outlet valves 124, 126 are unidirectional hydraulic devices that allow gas or liquid to flow either in or out of the piston chamber 122, respectively. Preferably, the valves 124, 126 can be located at various places on the piston cylinder cover 110 to achieve the desired pressure inside the piston chamber 122.

Since the movement of the float 114 in the float cylinder 104 can be slowed down due to friction or foreign objects getting into the float cylinder 104, several washers 140 can be mounted on the inner surface of the float cylinder 104. These washers 140 can be located along the axis of the float cylinder 104 from the side of its inner wall and also serve to stabilize the position of the float 114 inside the float cylinder. These washers 140 can be made of a suitable material so that the coefficient of friction between the washers 140 and the float 114 will be close to zero.

To limit the axial movement of the float 114 inside the float cylinder 104, several stops 142 can be formed on the inner surface of the float cylinder 104 located in its lower part. The position of the stops 142 can be adjusted to set the desired stroke length of the piston 120 inside the piston cylinder 108.

Of course, the axial movement of the float 114 in the float cylinder 104 is converted to the axial movement of the piston 120 inside the piston cylinder 108 by the piston rod 116. The piston rod 116 and connections 136 also define the position of the piston 120 relative to the float 114.

3A-3C show the proposed float 300 in top, side and isometric views, respectively. The float 300 has an axial hole 302 configured to attach to the connection 136 (Fig.2B), i.e. connection with the piston rod 116 (Figure 1). The upper portion 304 tapers radially inward from the edges of the float 300 and ends with an axial bore 302. The narrowing of the upper portion 304 facilitates the axial movement of the float 300, especially when the float 300 is submerged in water and moves toward the surface of the water. Although the upper portion 304 is shown separately from the lower portion 306 of the float 300, it goes without saying that such contractions can begin from any part of the float 300 and end with an axial hole 302 to facilitate axial movement of the float 300 in water.

3D is a sectional view of another proposed float 350. This float 350 has an upper portion 352 and a lower portion 354. The upper portion 352 has a radially tapering portion 356 to facilitate axial movement of the float 350 in the water, and the non-constricting portion 358 is connected to tapering part 356. On the inner surface of the upper part 352 of the float 350 thread 360 is made.

The lower part 354 of the float is essentially cylindrical and has many turns of thread 362 made on the outer surface of the lower part 354. The thread 362 of the lower part 354 corresponds to the thread 360 of the upper part 352 and allows axial movement of the lower part 354 relative to the upper part 352.

The lower part 354 is moved relative to the upper part 352 by the engine 364. The motor 364 is attached to the upper surface 365 of the lower part 354. A drive shaft 366 connects the motor 364 to this upper surface 365 and rotates the lower part 354 in a predetermined direction, thereby making telescopic extension float 350. The telescopic movement of the bottom 354 increases or decreases the height of the float 350, thereby increasing or decreasing the buoyancy of the float 350. Of course, the diameter of the float 350 can adjust ovatsya similar way using similar methods.

FIGS. 3E and FIG. 3F show top views of the proposed adjustable float base 370. The adjustable float base 370 includes outer plates 372, inner plates 374 connected to outer plates 372, an axially mounted motor 376 attached to gearbox 378, and several extension arms 380 attached to the gear 378 and the outer plates 372. The outer contour of the base 370 of the float is sealed using plastic, thermoplastic, or other sealing material 382, such as, for example, rubber a. This sealing material 382 prevents the ingress of foreign objects and materials from the environment into the base 370 of the float.

The outer plates 372 are attached to the inner plates 374 by means of rollers 384. The rollers 384 move the outer plates 372 relative to the inner plates 374. The guides for the rollers 384 can be located on the respective surfaces of the outer and inner plates 372, 374.

The engine 376 is located axially on the base 370 of the float and has a corresponding power source. The motor 376 is connected to the gearbox 378 so that when the motor 376 is driven, the gearbox 378 rotates in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

The gearbox 378 is connected to the extension arms 380 in such a way that rotating the gearbox 378 in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction results in a corresponding increase or decrease in the diameter of the float base 370 by moving the outer plates 372 relative to the inner plates 374 by means of rollers 384.

For example, FIG. 3E shows the float base 370 in a tapered position when the diameter is D ₁ . When the motor 376 is actuated so as to rotate the gearbox 378 in a clockwise direction, the extension arms 380 rotate accordingly, thereby increasing the diameter of the base of the float 380, as shown in FIG. 3F, it is D ₂ . The thermoplastic material 382 likewise expands in accordance with an increase in the diameter of the float. Accordingly, the base of the float 370, when used in the float pump unit, can expand or contract in the radial direction to increase or decrease the diameter of the float attached to it. Of course, despite the examples given for a substantially cylindrical configuration, the float base 370 may have other configurations depending on the design and requirements of the float pump unit.

In FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B and FIG. 4C, the float pump unit 100 is shown in different positions as the wave (W) passes through the float chamber 112 (FIG. 1). The waves (W) passing through the float pump unit 100 have the following geometric characteristics:

- the wave height (W _H ) is the vertical distance between the peak (C), or the highest point of the wave, and the trough (T), or the lowest point of the wave;

- the wavelength (W _L ) represents the distance between the corresponding points, for example, the peaks or troughs of the waves; as well as

- the level of the unperturbed surface (S _WL ) is the level of the surface of the water in the complete absence of waves; this is usually the middle of the wave height (W _H ).

FIG. 4A shows a float 114 resting in its highest vertical position on top of wave (W) apex (C ₁ ). When this fluid flows through the exhaust valve 126. When the wave (W) passes through the float chamber 112 at a distance of approximately half (1/2) of the wavelength (W _L ), as shown in FIG. 4B, the float 114 falls into its lowest vertical position at the trough (T) of the wave (W). In this case, the fluid is sucked through the intake valve 124. In FIG. 4C, the wave (W) has passed the full wavelength (W _L ) so that the float 114 returns to its highest vertical position at the next vertex (C ₂ ), and the fluid is again exits through exhaust valve 126.

The piston stroke (Ps) (not shown) of the float pump unit 100 is defined as the distance that the piston 120 travels under the action of the float 114 while the wave (W) passes one wavelength (W _L ) through the float chamber 112. When the wave ( W) passes through the float chamber 112, the float 114 is lowered by a distance (B _D ) equal to the height of the wave from the position at its apex (C ₁ ) in Fig. 4A, to the position at its depression (T) in Fig. 4B, and then rises the same distance

(B _R ) from the sole position (T) in Fig. 4B to the apex position (C ₂ ) in Fig. 4C. Therefore, the piston stroke (Ps) is equal to twice the wave height (W _H ):

Ps = B _D + B _R = 2W _H.

Thus, the piston 120 has a “half stroke” during lowering and a “half stroke” during lifting, also called a “lowering stroke” and a “lifting stroke”, respectively.

The wave has a specific wave height W _H and a period W _P when passing through the float pump unit 100. Accordingly, the float pump unit 100 has a piston stroke Ps, which is performed by a piston moving over one full period of the wave W _P. As can be seen from Fig. 4A, when the wave moves through the float pump unit 100, the float moves in direct accordance with the passing wave.

When the float pump unit 100 is not pressurized, the float 114 can travel a maximum distance depending on the movement of the waves, i.e.

P _smax = 2W _L. It is converted to a full half-stroke of the movement of the piston 120 in the piston cylinder 108, which causes the fluid to exit the piston chamber through the valve.

Referring again to FIG. 1, during operation, after the float pump unit 100 is initially placed in a body of water, such as an ocean, lake, river, or other medium in which waves or swell form, the initial pressure in the discharge line 130 , the exhaust valve 126 and the piston chamber 122 is zero. A certain wave with certain properties arrives at the float pump unit 100. Water from this wave gradually fills the float chamber 112. As the water fills the float chamber 112, the float 114 begins to rise along with rising water in the float chamber 112.

The buoyancy of the float 114 is selected so that most of the float 114 is above the water level inside the float chamber 112, thereby providing axial movement of the float 114 inside the float chamber 112. When the wave leaves, the float 114 drops with the settling of water in the float chamber 112 and below gravity. The piston rod 116 transfers the movement of the float 114 to the piston 120.

On the other hand, when the float pump unit 100 starts operating at maximum pressure in the discharge line 130 and the discharge valve 130, most of the float 114 will essentially be immersed in the water in which the float pump unit 100 is located. This leads to a decrease in stroke length the piston 120 in the piston chamber 122.

The action of gravity leads to a downward movement of the float 114 and the piston 120 as this wave or swell passes. When a given wave or swell is raised, the buoyancy of the float 114 provides lift force / energy to the piston 120 through the piston rod 116. When the pressure on the piston 120 and on the exhaust valve 126 is low, the float 114 rises relatively high in the water inside the float chamber, since the required lifting force of the float is only the relative back pressure created in the piston chamber 122 through the exhaust valve 126.

When the pressure on the piston is high, the axial movement of the float 114 inside the buoyancy chamber is limited, resulting in a lower fit of the float 114 in water. Under certain conditions, under the influence of high pressure in the piston chamber 122, the float 114 can be almost completely submerged, but continue to move axially inside the float chamber, pumping liquid or gas inside the piston chamber 122. Ultimately, the pressure on the exhaust valve 126 can become so high that the buoyancy of the float 114, even when fully submerged, can no longer provide sufficient lifting force to move the piston 120. In this state, the float 114 and piston 120 increase movement, even if the wave or swell continues to move relative to the float pump unit 100.

For example, in a float pump unit having a float one foot (0.3048 m) high, given the maximum pressure, the float pump unit will lose approximately one foot (0.3048 m) of pump travel inside the piston cylinder. If there is only one foot wave (0.3048 m), this float pump unit will not pump.

If this condition is not achieved, the float 114 and piston 120 will continue to move in the axial direction with the movement of the waves or swell until the wave or swell reaches its corresponding maximum height, allowing the piston 120 to move the liquid or gas in the piston chamber 122 through the exhaust valve 126. This process continues until the point of maximum compression in the piston chamber 122 is reached, but still with an external flow.

In the case where the float 114 is almost submerged or submerged, but continues to move in the axial direction, the highest waterline of the float pumping unit 100 is determined. When the wave or swell passes, the lowest lowering point of the float 114 determines the lowest waterline of the floatable pumping unit 100. The distance between the highest and lower waterlines determines the working useful stroke of the piston 120.

For example, when the pumped medium is gas, the inlet line 128, which can be adjusted to be connected to a gas source, is located in a place that is connected to the medium and receives gas from a medium containing gas, such as ambient air. An exhaust line 130 may be connected to the base 102 to accumulate compressed gas. Of course, the discharge line 130 can also be connected to other means for accumulating gas, such as a stationary tank located outside the float pump unit 100.

In the gas example, when the piston 120 is lowered along with the settling of the wave, a vacuum is created in the piston chamber 122, which sucks the gas through the inlet line 128 and the inlet valve 124 into the piston chamber 122. At the trough point of the wave and after the water leaves the float chamber 112, or when the float 114 comes into contact with the stops 142, which inhibit further downward movement of the float 114 and the piston 120, the maximum amount of gas fills the piston chamber 122.

As the wave begins to rise and the water gradually fills the float chamber 112, the float 114 is exposed to water, coming into contact with it. The buoyancy of the float 114 leads to a natural rise in the float 114 due to an increase in the water level inside the float chamber 112. Due to the immobility of the float 114 relative to the piston 120 provided by the piston rod 116, the piston 120 rises in direct accordance with the rise of the float 114.

The gas that is supplied to the piston chamber 122 is compressed inside the piston chamber 122 as the float 114 rises until the pressure of the compressed gas overcomes the pressure in the manifold on the exhaust line 130. At this point, the gas passes through the exhaust valve 126 and an exhaust line 130, and then sent to the desired location for use or storage. For example, the base 102 in the example described above or another storage site may be used to store compressed gas. It is also possible to disperse gas in the atmosphere if necessary.

When the wave reaches its maximum height when passing through the float pump unit 100, water begins to exit the float chamber 112. The action of gravity moves the float 114 down along with the wave, which leads to a downward movement of the piston 120 and the creation of a vacuum in the piston chamber 122. In this case, the vacuum again sucks gas into the piston chamber 122, as described above, thus repeating the process with each subsequent wave. Thus, the float pump unit 100 is driven by sequentially and cyclically sucking gas into the piston chamber 122, compressing the gas inside the piston chamber 122 and pushing the gas from the piston chamber 122 to the base 102. The piston 120 further compresses the gas accumulating in the base 102, with each cycle until the float 114 can overcome the pressure of the accumulated gas in the exhaust line 130. From now on, the float 114 will no longer rise relative to the waves.

In another example, when the fluid being pumped is fluid, the inlet line 128 is connected to a fluid source, such as water. An outlet line 130 may be connected to an accumulation tank, which may include, but is not limited to, a lake bottom, a water tower, or other water system. When an incompressible fluid, such as water, is pumped, the piston rod 116 does not need to be regulated, since the float pump unit 100 will pump the piston chamber 122, which is completely filled with the incompressible fluid, at a time.

In the fluid example, lowering the piston 120 accordingly creates a vacuum in the piston chamber 122, which draws water through the inlet line 128 and the inlet valve 124 into the piston chamber 122. At the point of the wave depression and when the water leaves the float chamber 112 or when the float 114 comes into contact with stops 142 that inhibit further downward movement of the float 114, the maximum amount of fluid fills the piston chamber 122.

As the wave begins to rise and the water gradually fills the float chamber 112, the float 114 is exposed to water, coming into contact with it. The buoyancy of the float 114 leads to a natural rise in the float 114 due to an increase in the water level inside the float chamber 112. Due to the fixed fastening of the float 114 relative to the piston 120 provided by the piston rod 116, the piston 120 gradually rises in direct accordance with the rise of the float 114. In the case of water as a working rising incompressible water inside the piston chamber 122 overcomes the pressure in the line in the exhaust line 130. At this point, the water passes through the exhaust valve 126 and the exhaust line 130, then guided to the desired location for use or storage. It is also possible dispersion of liquid and / or gas in the atmosphere, if necessary.

When the wave reaches its maximum height when passing through the float pump unit 100 and subsequent care, water begins to gradually leave the float chamber 112. The action of gravity moves the float 114 down, which leads to a downward movement of the piston 120 and the creation of a vacuum in the piston chamber 122. The vacuum serves for suction of liquid and / or gas into the piston chamber 122. The process is repeated with each subsequent wave. Thus, the float pump unit 100 is actuated by sequentially and cyclically sucking the liquid and / or water into the piston chamber 122 and pumping the liquid and / or water from the piston chamber 122.

Of course, in the liquid example, the loss of buoyancy due to the weight of the water / liquid inside the piston chamber 122 must be taken into account. However, in the gas example, due to the comparative lightness of the gas compared to the liquid, such a loss is virtually absent. Such a loss in the liquid example can be compensated by adjusting the characteristics of the float 114.

The operation of the float pump unit 100 depends on the environment where it is to be operated. For example, when the float pump unit 100 is located in the ocean, for which there are certain average annual data for the waves, the float pump unit 100 must be fixed to any structure in a certain position relative to the waves or installed with ballast so that the float pump unit maintained its position with respect to the waves. Such structures could be fixed, or fixedly fixed, or could contain a buoyancy tank, a platform type structure, or direct attachment of a float pump unit 100 to the ocean floor. Such compounds are widespread, especially in the oil and gas industry, and are intended for use with the new float pump unit 100 in accordance with the essence of the present invention.

A hydrostatic lift for driving a piston inside a piston cylinder through a piston rod is directly related to the ability of the float to hydrostatically lift. Theoretically, for example, with a total displacement of a float of 100 pounds (45.36 kg), minus its own weight (10 pounds) (4.536 kg), piston rod, joints, other accessories (5 pounds), and the weight of the piston ( 2.5 lbs.) (1.134 kg) of the total displacement (100 lbs.) (45.36 kg) remains the available lifting capacity of 82.5 lbs. (37.422 kg). An empirical test of the float pump unit 100 indicates approximately 96% compliance with this ratio.

It is contemplated that the float pump unit 100 can be used to self-position relative to the ocean floor and thereby maintain a substantially stable position relative to the wave environment in which it is operated. For example, the float pump unit 100 may have ballast compartments filled with appropriate ballast. The float pump unit 100 can pump gas or liquid into these ballast compartments, thereby adjusting the position of the float pump unit 100 relative to the wave medium. Such a configuration can be made by connecting the output line 130 of the float pump unit 100 to the ballast compartment and performing a control system designed to control the flow rate of entry and exit for the ballast compartment according to a given condition. Both gas and liquid can be used, depending on the required adjustment of the position of the float pump unit 100.

It is also contemplated that the length and width (diameter) of the piston 120 can be adjusted to match the fluid being pumped or the characteristics of the piston 120, the float chamber 112, and the float 114. Similarly, the piston 120 may have telescopic adjustment or the like to adjust the height or the width of the piston 120 is similar to the float 300 (see FIGS. 3A-3C).

For example, the flow and pressure settings inside the float pump unit 100 are related to the inside diameter and height of the piston cylinder 108. The larger the piston cylinder 108 and the longer the piston stroke inside the piston cylinder 108, the more liquid or gas is passed with minimal pressure. The smaller the piston cylinder 108 and the shorter the piston stroke inside the piston cylinder 108, the greater the pressure created in the liquid or gas and the less liquid or gas is passed.

Obviously, there may be, although relatively minor, friction losses, which depend on the length and other geometrical parameters of the input line 128 and output line 130 and other elements, including inlet and outlet valves 124, 126.

The dimensions of the float chamber 112 and the float 114 can also be adjusted to maximize the efficiency of the float pump unit. Such adjustments can be made, for example, manually, by replacing elements, or automatically, by performing telescopic elements in the appropriate parts, or remotely, by appropriately configuring the control system in order to regulate the characteristics of the required element. Thus, the float pump unit 100 can be configured to operate in a wave medium having variable properties, so that the float pump unit 100 can use the energy of large waves, small waves and waves having intermediate characteristics.

To use the energy of such waves, the float pump unit 100 does not have to be fixed on the base 102. This float pump unit can also be, for example, mounted at the bottom of the body of water and attached to a structure mounted at the bottom of the body of water, attached to a rigid floating platform, attached to a wavebreak wall or to other elements that provide a stable platform or its equivalent.

The dimensions of the float pump unit 100 and the operation of this float pump unit 100 with respect to the amount of energy in the wave or swell can be determined by several factors. For example, they include an annual graph of the sizes of high, low and medium wave levels; annual chart of high, low and medium tide levels; average period of a wave or swell; depth at the place of the wave or swell; distance from the coast to the wave or swell; geographical characteristics of the neighborhood near the wave or swell area; as well as the design of the float pump unit 100. It is contemplated that the float pump unit 100 can be used in combination with other float pump units in a network configuration to pump large volumes of gas or liquid through the pumps.

To determine the power generated from a wave of a given height and speed, the wave power (potential energy) and the power of the float in the configurations of lowering and lifting were calculated. After that, based on these data, the pumping power of the piston was calculated in configurations for pumping both water and air. These calculations are described below in accordance with an example configuration in which tests were performed.

Example A: Small Wave Size

1. The power of the wave

In particular, as shown in FIGS. 4A-4D, the wave power (Wave HP) is determined for a wave (W) that travels a distance equal to half the wavelength (1/2 WL) as follows:

Wave HP = [(W _V ) (D) / (HP)] (W _S ),

Where:

Wv (wave volume) = (Ww) (W _D ) (W _H ) (gallons of water / ft ³ )

W _w = wavelength (1/2 W _L ) = 17.5 feet

W _D = Wave Depth = 17.5 Feet

W _N = wave height = 5 feet

and

D = water density (8.33 lb / gallon)

and

HP = horsepower (550)

and

Ws = wave velocity (1/2 W _L / W _T )

and

W _T = wave transit time = 1/2 W _L (7.953 s).

For example, the wave depth (W _D ) is taken equal to the wavelength (W _w ) so that the wave profile (W) completely covers the float 114 ', which has a cylindrical shape. For the values indicated above, which are examples, the calculation is as follows:

Wave HP = [(11.453 gallons) (8.33 lbs / gallon) / (550)] (2.2 ft / s) = 382

Where:

Wv = (1.531 ft ³ ) (7.481 gallon / ft ³ ) = 11.453 gallon;

and

Ws = (17.5 ft) / (7.953 s) = 2.2 ft / s

2. Power when lowering the float

When the wave (W) passes through the float chamber 104 during the lowering stroke (Figs. 4A and 4B), the float 104 is lowered by gravity into the cavity (T). The power generated by the float during the lowering stroke (BB _D ) can be determined from the following equation:

BB _D = [(BBv) (D) (WR) / HP] (DS _S ) (TR _D ),

Where:

BB _V (float volume) = (VB + VC) (7.48 gallon / ft ³ ),

VB = base volume 114'a = πr ₁ ² h ₁ ,

VC = volume of the cone 114'b = (πh _2/12) (d ₁ + d ² d _{1 2} + d ₂ ²⁾

and

(BBv) (D) = displacement of the float 114 ',

Where:

D = water density (8.33 lb / gallon)

and

WR = ratio of the specific gravities of the water and the material of the float 114 'and

HP = horsepower (550)

and

DS _S = lowering stroke speed = V _D / T _D ,

Where:

B _D = travel distance during the lowering stroke;

T _D = distance travel time B _D

and

TR _D = time factor (i.e., fraction of the time when the float drops during the wave period) = 50% (assuming symmetrical long waves).

Continuing to use the data of the example described above for calculating the wave power of Wave HP, we obtain the calculations for BB _D as follows:

BB _D = [4.186 gallon) (8.333 lb / gallon) (0.10) / 550] (0.25 ft / s) (0.5) = 0.79 hp;

(i.e. available power during float lowering stroke),

where: BB _V = (BV + VC) (7.48 gallon / ft =

= π ₁ ² h ₁ + ((πh _2/12) (d ₁ + d ² d _{1 2} + d ₂ ²⁾ (7.48 gal / ^ft3)

and where

d ₁ = 17.5 feet; r ₁ = 8.75 feet

d ₂ = 3.5 feet

h ₁ = 1.5 feet

h2 = 2.0 feet

so that

BB _V = [π (8.75) ² (1.5) + (π (2.0 / 12) (17.5 ² ) + (17.5) (3.5) +3.5 ² )] (7.48 gallon / ft ³ )

= (361 ft ³ +199 ft ³ ) (7.48 gallon / ft ³ )

= (560 ft ³ ) (7.48 gallon / ft ³ ) = 4.186 gallons

and

DS _S = (1.00 ft) / (3.976 s) = 0.25 ft / s

and

(BB _V ) (D) = 34.874 lbs (total displacement)

and

(BB _V ) (D) (WS) = 3,487 (net weight).

2b. Power when lifting a float

As the wave (W) continues to flow through the float chamber 104 during the lift stroke (Figs. 4B and 4C), the float 114 rises with the wave until it reaches the highest point at the apex (C ₂ ). The power generated by the float during the lift stroke (BB _L ) can be determined from the following equation:

BB _L = [(BB _V ) (D) (1-WR) / HP] (LS _S (TR _R ),

Where:

LS _S = lift speed = V _R / T _R ,

In _R = travel distance during the lift stroke = 1 foot,

T _R = distance travel time B _R = 4.0 s

and

TR _R = time factor

(i.e., the fraction of the time the float rises during the wave period) = 50% assuming symmetrical long waves.

(BBv) (D) (1-WR) = net weight during the lift stroke (UW _L ) = 31.382 pounds,

those.

BB _L = [(31.382 lbs) / 550] (1 ft / 4.0 s) (0.5) = 7.13 hp

2s Full input power

Accordingly, the total amount of input power taken from the wave by the float (BB _T ) is determined as follows:

BB _T = BB _D + BB _L.

Using the example data set forth above, the total input power for the float 114 'is determined as follows:

BB _T = 0.79 + 7.13 = 7.92 HP

3. Piston pumping power (CFM / PSI)

A piston pumps water at a predetermined capacity expressed in cubic feet per minute (CFM) and a predetermined pressure expressed in pounds per square inch (PSI) for each half (1/2) stroke when the float pump unit is configured to pump water; it is determined according to the following formula:

PF = Piston water flow rate = (Sv) (SPM) (BP _efr ),

Where:

Sv = volume in 1/2 stroke = (π / 2) (piston radius) ² (stroke length) = (π / 2) (8.925 in) ² (12 in) / (1.728 in ³ / ft ³ ) = 1, 74 ft ³

and

SPM = working strokes per minute = 7.54 strokes / min

and

BP _efr = empirically obtained efficiency of the proposed float pump unit = 83%

so that

PF = (1.74 ft ³ ) (7.54 rpm) (0.83) =

= 10.88 ft ³ / min = 0.181 ft ³ / s.

Determination of the water pressure on the piston (lb / ² inch, PSI) for each half (1/2) stroke in the float pump unit (PP) is carried out using the following equation:

PP = {UW _L - [(S _V ) (D) (7.48 gallons of water / ft ³ )]} / SA _p

Where:

UW _L = net weight during lift stroke = 31.386 lbs

S _V = 1.74 ft ³

D = water density (8.33 lb / gallon)

and

SA _P = piston surface area (inch ² ) =

= π (8.925 in) ² = 250 in ² .

Accordingly, for the values indicated above, this value in pounds per square inch / stroke for the proposed float pump unit is calculated as follows:

PP = [31.386 lb- (1.74 ft ³ ) (8.33 lb / gallon) (7.48 gallon / ft ³ )] / 250 in ² =

= (31.386 lb-108 lb) / 250 in ² =

= 125 (lb / in ² ) / stroke.

When the float pump is configured to pump air, the piston surface area is increased to compensate for air compressibility in order to achieve similar results. If the piston radius increases to 12.6 inches, the piston surface area (SAP) increases to 498.76 inch ² . The additional weight of the water above the piston [(SV) (D) (7.48 gallon / ft ² ) = 108 pounds] is also excluded, and thus it is not subtracted from the net weight during the lift stroke (UW _L ) when calculating the air pressure at piston (PP _a ). All other figures remain the same, then the air flow rate on the piston (PF _a ) and air pressure on the piston (PP _a ) take the following values:

PF _a = 21.7 ft ³ / min,

_And RR = 51.8 (lb / ⁱⁿ²⁾ / stroke.

Since one skilled in the art will recognize the difference between using a piston to pump water and air, the rest of the examples focus on pumping water.

4. Net power generated by the generator

When the proposed float pump unit is configured for pumping water and connected to any reservoir for storing water for use to drive a water turbine, the following empirical formula is used to calculate the power generated by the float pump unit:

BP = {(PP) (BP _eff ) (pressure) - [(loss) (pressure) (length

pipes / cross-section)]} [(PF) (T _eff ) (KW) / NO],

Where:

BP _eff = empirically obtained float pump efficiency = 88%

Head = PSI psi to Head (ft) = 2,310

Loss = pipe loss factor = 0.068

Pipe Length / Cross Section = One pipe is 100 feet long and 10 pipes = 1 pipe section

so that

1 mile of pipe = 5,280 pipe sections,

T _eff = turbine efficiency for an existing water turbine = 90%,

KW = conversion factor ft / s in kW = 11.8,

HP = conversion factor kW to hp = 0.746.

Accordingly, using the data described above, in combination with previous calculations, we obtain the output values of BP for the proposed device for generating energy using this float pump unit as follows:

BP = {[(125) (0.88) (2.310)] - [(0.068) (2.310) (10) (5.280)]} [(0.181) (0.9 / 11.8) / 0.746] = 0 , 4558 (total output available power in hp).

When the float pump is configured to pump air, the output power (BP _a ) for the proposed device using the values indicated above will be approximately 2.72 hp. Instead of using a water turbine to generate energy, an air turbine is used, comprising, for example, the device described in US Pat. No. 5,555,728, incorporated by reference.

5. Coefficient of performance - The ratio of input power (hp) with output power

Accordingly, the conversion factor of the input power and output power can be determined as follows:

conversion factor by efficiency = BP / BB _T = 4,558 / 7.92 = 57%.

Thus, using empirical and theoretical data, it turned out that for the proposed float pump unit in accordance with this invention, when used in combination with a water turbine, the energy conversion efficiency is 57% for the power taken from the transmitted wave (BB _T ) with conversion to energy at the output of BP, which can then be used as an energy source.

Example B: Medium Wave Size

The above calculation was performed for the proposed float 114 'having a fixed diameter (d ₁ ), made depending on the geometry of the float 114' and height (h ₁ + h ₂ ). Of course, the wave height (W _H ) varies for different places and for different times during the year for each of the places. Those. it is desirable to reconfigure or adjust this float based on variable wave characteristics, as described above. To ensure high efficiency, the height and / or diameter of the float 114 'can be adjusted. For example, the float 114 'can be made or adjusted so as to increase the height of the base 104'a (h ₁ ) and the corresponding diameter in order to perceive waves having a large wave height (W _H ), in the manner described below.

Assuming that the wave height (W _H ) increases from 5.0 feet to 9.016 feet (medium wave), the height of the base of the float (h ₁ ) increases by 1.5 feet (see Fig. 4D), i.e. this float is “deformed” to improve the overall performance of the float pump unit in water spaces with an increased swell of an average of 9 feet. Accordingly, the piston stroke length increases, and the number of strokes decreases as follows:

Number of moves = 5.52

Stroke = 42.2 inches

so that

S _V (volume / stroke) = 12.8 ft ³ .

Under the assumption that all other indicators remain the same and using the above formulas, Table 1 is obtained:

Table 1 Value 5 foot wave Wave of 9.016 feet one Wave power 382 h.p. 2 952 h.p. 2 Power float BB _D 0.79 h.p. 2.05 h.p. BB _L 7.13 h.p. 31.67 h.p. BB _T 7.92 h.p. 33.72 h.p. 3 Piston pumping power Pf 10.88 ft ³ / min 27.98 ft ³ / min PP 125 lb / ⁱⁿ² 185 lb / ⁱⁿ² four Generator Power (VR) 0.4558 h.p. 20.32 h.p. 5 Pump efficiency 57% 60%

Accordingly, it can be seen that an increase in the height of the float pump by 1.5 feet leads to an increase in power during the raising and lowering of the float, as well as to an increase in the output power in the proposed device with an increase in the overall efficiency. In general, the presence of large waves in place provides a wave energy source for float pumps having large floats and pistons that have high flow rates (e.g., PF = 27.98 ft ³ / min) and, therefore, a large output power (e.g., BP = 20.32 hp) at the specified location.

As noted above, the diameter (d ₁ ) of the float 114 '(see Fig. 4D) can also be adjusted to receive large waves at a given location. The following Table 2 shows the effect of a change in the diameter of the float on the output power (BB _T ) when the wave velocity (Ws) changes for the relative wave height (W _H ) and when the wave height changes for the relative speed.

table 2 Wave Height (W _H ) Diameter of the float (inch) Power on the float (IW) W _S = 3 mph
Low wave W _S = 8 mph
High wave W _S = 3 mph
Low wave W _S = 8 mph
High wave 3 12.6 126 0.9 26.9 four 16.8 168 2.21 64.76 5 21 210 4.39 126.94 6 25,2 252 7.67 219.88 7 29.4 294 12.28 349.77 8 33.6 336 18.45 522.78 9 37.8 378 26.39 745.09 10 42 420 36.33 1022.9

The data in Table 2 was obtained based on the characteristics of a wave having a specified wave height and moving at a speed of 3 miles (4.83 km) per hour for a low wave and 8 miles (12.87 km) per hour for a high wave. The equations above were used to calculate the power for the characteristics of low and high waves. The diameter, or width, of the float was adjusted for operation in a large wave environment, as shown and described above, in order to increase the efficiency of the float pump for variable wave heights and wave velocities.

The larger and faster the wave, swell or current, the greater the potential energy available to receive through such a float pump unit. Similarly, the larger the float in height or diameter, the greater the potential energy available to receive from the energy of the water. The smaller and slower the wave, swell or current, the smaller potential energies are available for receiving from the energy of water through such a float pump. Similarly, the smaller the float, the less potential energy is available to receive energy from water. In order to optimize the potential energies located on this float pump unit 100, the float 114 should be completely submerged and should not exceed the width or height of the wave or swell arc.

All the examples described above are given under the assumption that certain wave sizes are present in a particular place daily on a float pump unit designed for efficient use in a given place. Fortunately, data on wave heights at specific locations for each day of the year are available from several sources, including the website at http://www.ndbc.noaa.gov., Incorporated by reference. The following table (Table 3) shows the wave data for January 2001 and February 2001 obtained in Grays Harbor, Washington, USA (Grays Harbor, WA).

Table 3 Yearly averages Grace Harbor, Washington, USA (milestone data = 125.99 ft) January 2001 February 2001 Day Wave Height (ft) Period (s) Day Wave Height (ft) Period (s) one 8.20 11,020 one 8.00 11,500 2 9.20 11,020 2 16,20 11,500 3 7.10 11,020 3 16.50 11,500 four 10,20 11,020 four 7.50 11,500 5 9.80 11,020 5 11.80 11,500 6 13.60 11,020 6 6.40 11,500 7 6.30 11,020 7 7.80 11,500 8 7.00 11,020 8 5.50 11,500 9 10.30 11,020 9 9.40 11,500 10 16.50 11,020 10 9.40 11,500 eleven 9.10 11,020 eleven 6.90 11,500 12 10.60 11,020 12 6.60 11,500 13 6.50 11,020 13 5.20 11,500 fourteen 12.10 11,020 fourteen 4.10 * 11,500 fifteen 8.80 11,020 fifteen 5.60 11,500 16 5.30 11,020 16 5.70 11,500 17 8.40 11,020 17 5.00 11,500 eighteen 9.30 11,020 eighteen 7.20 11,500 19 14.40 11,020 19 5.60 11,500

January 2001 February 2001 Day Wave Height (ft) Period (s) Day Wave Height (ft) Period (s) twenty 9.70 11,020 twenty 6.80 11,500 21 17,20 11,020 21 6.60 11,500 22 7.10 11,020 22 6.80 11,500 23 8.40 11,020 23 6.50 11,500 24 9.00 11,020 24 5.60 11,500 25 9.10 11,020 25 4.90 * 11,500 26 10.50 11,020 26 6.70 11,500 27 9.80 11,020 27 5.60 11,500 28 5.00 11,020 28 6.70 11,500 29th 19.00 11.020 * Non-operational mode (less than 5 feet) thirty 9.40 11,020 31 9.60 11,020 Average value 9.89 11,020 Average value 7.38 11,500

The wave heights shown in Table 3 were measured during each respective day of the month to obtain an average value for each day. Average wave period values for the whole month were obtained, and the same wave period was used for each day of this month. In January 2001, the total number of working days was 31 days of operation of the proposed float pump unit having a minimum required operating wave height of 5 feet. In February 2001, since the 14th and 25th wavelengths were less than 5 feet, the number of working days of the proposed float pump unit was only 26 days.

Table 4 shows the average wave height data for January and February, and then for the whole year (the remaining data for March-December 2001 are available on the website mentioned above).

Table 4 January February Per year Average wave velocity 11.02 11.50 9,922 Average wave height 9.89 7.38 7,467 Work days 31 26 - Working days, cumulative 31 57 236 Weighted average working height 9.89 7.60 - Average wave height, cumulative 9.89 8.75 8.54

The average wave height for working days in January and February was 9.89 feet and 7.60 feet, respectively. Recalculated for a year, the working wave height for January and February 2001 is averaged to 8.75 feet for the entire period of 57 days of work. For calendar 2001, the number of work days was 236 with an average working wave height of 8.54 feet. The organization operating the float pump unit described above can obtain publicly available data and determine the effective year-wise wavelengths and working days for a given configuration of the float pump unit.

The components of the float pump unit 100 must be operable in a salty environment such as the ocean. Accordingly, the components of the float pump unit 100 must have anti-corrosion properties and / or otherwise ensured corrosion resistance. To minimize environmental impact, the inlet 126 of the piston chamber 122, which may be exposed to environmental influences, may have a filter mounted thereon to filter out undesired components. In the presence of algae or other destructive materials, such as algae entering the float chamber 112 or the float cylinder 104, these algae will act as natural lubricants between the moving parts of the float pump unit 100. For example, if algae gets between the washers 140 and the float 114 , these algae reduce friction between the washers 140 and the float 114, thereby increasing the efficiency of the float pump unit.

5 is a side elevational view of an alternative embodiment of a float pump unit 500 in accordance with the present invention. This float pump unit 500 comprises a base 502, a float cylinder 504 connected on one side to the base 502, closed on the other side by a cap 506 of the float cylinder, and substantially coaxial with the float cylinder 504. The other end of the float cylinder 504 is exposed to the external environment. The float cylinder 504 and the float cylinder cover 506 jointly define the float chamber 508 within them.

The float 510 of a substantially cylindrical shape is slidably disposed within the float chamber 508 and is movable in the axial direction. Of course, in the float pump unit 500 in this embodiment, the need for a piston and piston rod is eliminated by combining the float shown in FIG. 1 with the piston shown in FIG. 1 into one equivalent float 510.

The inlet valve 512 and the exhaust valve 514 are located inside the cover 506 of the float cylinder and are in fluid communication with the float chamber 508, allowing the passage of gas or liquid. The inlet line 516 and the outlet line 518 are connected to the inlet valve 512 and the outlet 514, respectively, and are configured to allow gas or liquid to pass in and out, from different sides.

Base 502 may have multiple legs 520 resting on bottom 522 of body of water 524. Support base 526 is attached to legs 520 to secure the float pump unit 500 to bottom 522. Base 502 is attached to ballast compartments 528 to hold the float pump unit 500 in a fixed position relative to the installation location.

In the axial direction above the cap 506 of the float cylinder, there is a ballast cap 530, which also serves to ensure the stability of the float pump unit 500. This ballast cap 530 is configured to provide communication valves 512, 514 and lines 516, 518 through each other. Instead of a reservoir, an exhaust line 518 may be connected to a line 532 for supplying gas or liquids to a desired location (not shown).

The float 510 located inside the float chamber 508 has a predetermined buoyancy, so that the float 510 moves cyclically in accordance with the hydrodynamic parameters of the water in which the float pump unit 500 is installed, as well as the hydraulic or pneumatic characteristics of the float pump unit 500 itself. Buoyancy of the float 510 may be regulated in the manner described above. The stops 534 are located along the inner perimeter below the float cylinder 504 to prevent the float 510 from leaving the float cylinder 504. The float 510 has a seal formed around the perimeter of the float 510 to prevent leaks between the float chamber 508 and the aqueous medium 524.

The inlet and outlet valves 512, 514 are unidirectional hydraulic devices that allow the flow of gas or liquid to pass either inward or outward from the float chamber 508, respectively. Preferably, the valves 512, 514 can be located in different places to ensure that the required pressure of the float piston chamber 508 is achieved.

During operation, as the waves travel through the float pump unit 500, water contacts the float 510 through an opening in the float cylinder 504, raising the float 510 cyclically in accordance with the hydrodynamic parameters of the water, as well as the hydraulic or pneumatic characteristics of the float pump unit 500. Gas or liquid in the float chamber 508 is removed or discharged through the discharge valve 514 and the discharge line 518 to the line 532. When the wave passes the float pump unit 500, the float 510 gradually drops The effect of gravity creates a vacuum inside the float chamber 508. Accordingly, gas or liquid enters through the inlet line 516 and inlet valve 512 into the float chamber 508. When the next wave approaches, the gas or liquid pulled into the float chamber 508 is again displaced through exhaust valve 512, exhaust line 518 and line 532 respectively according to the position of the float, which rises with the wave.

6 shows a side view of another embodiment of the float pump unit 600. The float pump unit 600 includes a base 602, a float body 604 connected to the base 602, a cover 606 of the float body attached to the float body 604, and a base 608 of the float body attached to the other end of the float housing 604. Below the cap 606 of the float housing in the axial direction is a piston rod 610 connected to it, as well as several piston bearings 612. A piston 614 is located on the other side of the piston rod 610 and the piston bearings 612. A float 616 is located between the piston 614 and the base 608 of the float body, having float walls 618 extending in the direction of the float body cover 606. The float 616, the walls 618 of the float and the piston 614 form inside the piston chamber 620. The walls 618 of the float are slidable between the piston 614 and the float body 604. The base 602 has several legs 622 that rest on the bottom 624 of the water space 626. The support bases 628 are connected to legs 622 and installed on the bottom 624 of the water space 626. The support base 628 can be filled with appropriate ballast to hold the float pump unit 600 in a certain position relative to the installation location 626.

The float housing 604 includes four upright racks 630 located between the float housing cover 606 and the float housing base 608 and attached thereto. Several stops 632 are located respectively in the upper and lower parts of the uprights 630 to hold the float 616 inside the float housing 604 and limit its axial movement. On top of the float housing 604, a ballast cap 634 is mounted on it to help hold the float pump unit 600 in a fixed position relative to the installation location in the water space 626. The base 608 of the float housing is connected by one surface to an exhaust valve 636 and the other surface to an exhaust line 638. Base 608 the float housing is provided for communication between the exhaust valve 636 and the exhaust line 638. The exhaust line 638 is telescopic in nature and is slidable communication through the base 608 of the float body in such a way that when the float 616 is moved relative to the base 608 of the float body, a constant connection is maintained between the exhaust valve 636 and the exhaust line 638. The piston rod 610 and the piston bearings 612 are stationary relative to the cover 606 of the float housing and the piston 614 to maintain a fixed position of the piston 614 relative to the cover 606 of the float housing.

A piston 614 is connected to the inlet valve 640 to allow the inlet valve 640 to be connected to the piston chamber 620. The inlet valve 640, in turn, is connected to the inlet line 642 to provide connection to the piston chamber 620 and the necessary source of supply of the working fluid.

The float 616 and the walls of the float 618 are slidable relative to the float body 604 and the struts 630 of the float body so that the float 616 and the walls of the float 618 can move axially within the float housing 604. The joint between the piston 614 and the float walls 618 preferably has a seal so that the piston chamber 620 may be under a fixed pressure during the axial movement of the float 616 relative to the piston 614, thereby maintaining an internal pressure three.

The inlet and outlet valves 640, 636 are unidirectional hydraulic devices that allow the flow of gas or liquid to pass either inward or outward from the piston chamber 620, respectively. Preferably, the valves 640, 636 can be located in different places on the cover 606 of the piston cylinder and the base 608 of the float housing, respectively, in order to achieve the required pressure inside the piston chamber 620.

In the process, when the wave with the specified characteristics approaches and comes into contact with the float 616 and the walls of the float 618, the float 616 and the walls of the float 618 move axially upward cyclically in accordance with the hydrodynamic parameters of the water in which the float pump unit 600 is installed, and also the hydraulic or pneumatic characteristics of the float pump unit 600 itself. The buoyancy of the float 616 can be controlled by the method described above.

The float 616 creates pressure on the gas or liquid in the piston chamber 620 so that gas or liquid inside the piston chamber 620 is expelled through the exhaust valve 636 and the exhaust line 638 with the aim of supplying to the desired location through the line 644 connected to the exhaust line 638. When the wave passes the float pump unit 600, the action of gravity moves the float 616 and the walls 618 of the float down, thereby creating a vacuum inside the piston chamber 620.

Gas or liquid is then sucked through inlet line 642 and inlet valve 640 into piston chamber 620 until the float stops at stops or reaches the level of the bottom of the wave. As subsequent waves cyclically reach the float pump unit 600, the process repeats.

7 shows a side view of another embodiment of the float pump unit 700. The float pump unit 700 includes a base 702, a float housing 704, a float housing cover 705 attached to the float housing, a piston housing 706 attached to the float housing cover 705, a base 708 of the float housing attached to the other end of the float housing 704, a piston housing cover 710 attached to the piston housing 706, and a ballast cover 712 located above the piston housing cover 710 and attached to it.

The float 714 is located axially inside the float housing 704. The piston rod 716 is attached to the upper surface of the float 714 at one end and to the piston 718 located axially inside the piston housing 706 at the other end. A piston chamber 719 is formed between the upper surface of the piston 718, the lower surface of the cover 710 of the piston housing and the piston housing 706.

The inlet valve 720 and the exhaust valve 722 are connected to the piston chamber 719 through a cover 710 of the piston housing. The inlet valve 720 and the exhaust valve 722 are connected through the ballast cap 712 to the inlet line 724 and the outlet line 726, respectively.

The base 702 has a plurality of support legs 728 resting on the support bases 730. The support base 730 is preferably mounted on the bottom 732 of the body of water 734.

The float body 704 has a plurality of legs 736 of the float body resting on and attached to the base 708 of the float body. The legs 736 of the float housing allow the passage of a mass of water 734 through them. Several float stoppers 738 are located above and below the inner surface of the legs 736 of the float body to limit the axial movement of the float 714 inside the float body 704.

The base 708 of the float body has a ballast tank 740 mounted on it in order to maintain the position of the float pump unit 700 relative to the installation location in the body of water 734. The base 708 of the float body is also connected to line 742 and allows the line 742 to pass through the base 708 of the float body

The piston housing 706 has several piston stops 744 located below the inside of the piston housing 706 to limit the axial movement of the piston 718 in the piston housing 706. The piston housing 706 is also configured to provide axial sliding movement of the piston 718 inside the piston housing 706.

Ballast cover 712 can also be used for additional stability of the float pump unit 700 relative to the installation location in the water space 734 by the presence of a pre-installed ballast or variable ballast inside the ballast cover 712.

The float 714, which can be adjusted by the method described above, is axially sliding inside the float housing 704 cyclically in accordance with the hydrodynamic parameters of the water 734 in which the float pump unit 700 is installed, as well as the hydraulic or pneumatic characteristics of the float pump unit 700 itself .

The piston rod 716 is preferably rigid and forms a rigid connection between the piston 718 and the float 714. The piston 718 contacts water from its lower side through the open end of the piston housing 706 from the float 714. The piston 718 preferably has a seal (not shown) located around the perimeter the piston 718, which prevents leakage or leakage from the piston chamber 719 into the area under the piston. Thus, the piston chamber is isolated from the external environment and provides effective retention of the pumped gas or liquid inside under pressure.

The inlet and outlet valves 720, 722 are unidirectional hydraulic devices that allow the flow of gas or liquid to pass either inward or outward from the piston chamber 719, respectively. Preferably, the valves 720, 722 can be located in different places on the cover 710 of the piston housing to achieve the desired pressure inside the piston chamber 719.

The inlet line 724 is configured to connect to a necessary source of gas or liquid and thus provides a connection to the necessary source of gas or liquid to be pumped by the float pump unit 700. The outlet line 726 is connected to a line 742, which in turn directs the flow to the desired location .

During operation, as the wave approaches the float pump unit 700, the float 714 having a predetermined buoyancy gradually rises with the wave. The piston 718 moves in direct communication with the float 714, thereby displacing gas or liquid from the piston chamber 719 through an exhaust valve 722, an exhaust line 726, and a flow line 742. When the wave passes the float pump unit 700, the float 714 under the influence of gravity falls with the wave. A piston 718 moving in direct connection with the lowering of the float 714 creates a vacuum inside the piston chamber 719. Gas or liquid is sucked through the inlet line 724 and the inlet valve 720 into the piston chamber 719, filling the piston chamber 719. The cycle continues to be repeated in accordance with a cycle consistent with hydrodynamic parameters of water, as well as hydraulic or pneumatic characteristics of the float pump unit 700 itself.

FIG. 8 is a top side elevational view of an alternative embodiment of a float pump unit 800 in accordance with the present invention. The float pump unit 800 comprises a base 802, a housing 804 connected to the base 802, a housing cover 806 connected to the housing 804, and a housing base 808 attached to the other end of the housing 804. The piston housing 810 is axially located at the bottom of the housing 804. The piston housing 810 includes a piston housing cover 812 and a piston housing base 814. The ballast portion 816 of the piston housing is connected to the piston housing 810 in its lower part.

A float 818 having a predetermined buoyancy is located inside the housing 804. A piston rod 820 is attached to the lower end of the float 818 and is located along its axis. A piston 822 is attached to the other end of the piston rod 820. The piston 822 is axially movable within the piston housing 810. The piston chamber 824 is formed by the lower surface of the piston 822, the base 814 of the piston housing and the piston housing 810.

The inlet valve 826 is connected through the base 814 of the piston body and connected to the piston chamber 824. Similarly, the exhaust valve 828 is connected to the base 814 of the piston body and connected to the piston chamber 824. The inlet line 830 and the outlet line 832 are connected to other corresponding ends of the inlet valve 826 and exhaust valve 828.

The base 802 comprises support legs 834 that are supported by the support base 836. The support base 836 is adapted to support the bottom 838 of the water space 840. Ballast tanks 842 are attached to the upper surface of the support base 836 and are configured to receive and / or discharge ballast, such thus maintaining the position of the float pump unit 800 relative to its installation location in the body of water 840.

The housing 804 comprises a plurality of housing legs 844 attached to the housing base 808 at one end and to the housing cover 806 at the other end. Legs 844 of the body provide free passage of water between them.

A settling tank 846 is connected to an inlet line 830 and an outlet line 832; it is located on the surface of the base 808 of the housing. The sump tank 846 is also connected to the supply line 848 and the hydraulic line 850. The sump tank 846 can control the flow into and out of the piston chamber 824 and the output stream directly from the piston chamber 824 to a desired location via a hydraulic line 850.

The buoyancy of the float 818 can be adjusted by the method described above. The float 818 is axially sliding inside the housing 804 cyclically in accordance with the hydrodynamic parameters of the water 840 in which the float pump unit 800 is installed, as well as the hydraulic or pneumatic characteristics of the float pump unit 800 itself.

The piston rod 820 forms a rigid connection between the float 818 and the piston 822 so that the movement of the float 818 corresponds to the movement of the piston 822.

The housing 804 has several float stops 852 located inside the legs 844 of the housing in order to limit the axial movement of the float 818. Similarly, the piston housing 810 has several piston stops 854 on the inner surface of the piston housing 810, configured to limit the axial movement of the piston 822.

The inlet valve 826 and the exhaust valve 828 are unidirectional hydraulic devices that allow the flow of gas or liquid to pass either in or out of the piston chamber 824, respectively. Preferably, the valves 826, 828 can be located in different places on the base 814 of the piston housing, in order to achieve the required pressure inside the piston chamber 824.

In the process, when the wave with the specified characteristics approaches the float pump unit 800, the float 818 and the piston 822 gradually rise, and a vacuum is created inside the piston chamber 824; this involves the absorption of gas or liquid, depending on the supply source connected to the supply line 848, to the piston chamber 824 through the inlet line 830 and the inlet valve 826. When the wave passes the float pump unit 800, the action of gravity moves the piston axially downward, compressing gas or liquid inside the piston chamber 824 and displacing or releasing this gas or liquid inside the piston chamber 824 through an exhaust valve 828, an exhaust line 832, a settling tank 846 and a hydraulic line 850.

Figure 9 shows a side view of an alternative embodiment of a float pump unit 900. This float pump unit 900 includes a base 902, a housing 904 connected to the base 902, a housing cover 906, and a housing base 908. The ballast portion of the housing 909 is located in the axial direction above the housing cover 906.

A metallized piston 910 is located inside the housing 904 and is arranged to move axially within the housing 904. Outside of the housing 904, converging at the ends of the piston 910, there are many magnetized floats 912 having a predetermined buoyancy. These magnetized floats 912 are located near the metallized piston 910 so that the movement of the magnetized float 912 corresponds to the movement of the metallized piston 910 inside the housing 904. A guide 911 is provided on the housing 904 for directionally moving the magnetized float 912 relative to the metallized piston 910. Piston chambers 913a, 913b are available opposite sides of the piston 910. Non-metallic seal 915 can be mounted and secured to the outer surface of the metallized piston 910 between this metallized piston 910 and the housing 904 in order to prevent the flow of liquid or other fluid between the piston chambers 913a, 913b.

The first intake valve 914 and the first exhaust valve 916 are connected through a housing cover 906 to the piston chamber 913a. The first intake valve 914 and the first exhaust valve 916 are connected through the ballast body portion 909 to the first intake line 918 and the first exhaust line 920, respectively.

The second inlet valve 922 and the second exhaust valve 924 are connected at one end through the housing base 908 to the piston chamber 913b. A second intake valve 922 and a second exhaust valve 924 are connected at other respective ends to a second intake line 926 and a second exhaust line 928.

The base 902 comprises a plurality of support legs 930 attached at one end to the housing 904, and at the other end to the support base 932. The support base 932 is adapted to abut the bottom 934 of the water space in which the float pump unit 900 is mounted.

The housing 904 includes a plurality of stops 938 on the outer surface, which are configured to limit the axial movement of the magnetized floats 912. The output lines 920, 928 are connected to a hydraulic line 940 to allow the flow to reach the desired location.

Magnetized floats 912 move cyclically in accordance with the hydrodynamic parameters of the water in which the float pump unit 900 is installed, as well as the hydraulic or pneumatic characteristics of the float pump unit 900 itself. The buoyancy of the magnetized floats 912 can be controlled by filling the magnetized float units 912 with a given amount of liquid or solid or by removing from a magnetized float 912 a predetermined amount of a liquid or solid.

Intake valves 914, 922 and exhaust valves 916, 924 are unidirectional hydraulic devices that allow the flow of gas or liquid to pass either inward or outward from the piston chambers 913a, 913b. For example, the first inlet valve 914 supplies to the piston chamber 913a, and the first exhaust valve 916 removes from the piston chamber 913a. The second inlet valve 922 and the second exhaust valve 924 provide supply to and removal from the piston chamber 913b. Of course, the first inlet valve 914 and the first exhaust valve 916 can be located in various places on the housing cover 906. Similarly, the second intake valve 922 and the second exhaust valve 924 may be located at various places in the base 908 of the housing so as to achieve the desired pressure inside the piston chambers 913a, 913b.

During operation, when a wave from the body of water 946 passes through the float pump unit 900, the magnetized floats 912 are gradually lowered by gravity, thereby lowering the metallized piston 910 by the action of magnetic forces to create a vacuum inside the piston chamber 913a. At the same time, lowering the magnetized floats 912 and the metallized piston 910 compresses gas or liquid inside the piston chamber 913b. Gas or liquid is released or expelled through the second exhaust valve 924, the second exhaust line 928 and the hydraulic line 940. In the piston chamber 913a, vacuum draws gas or liquid from the first intake line 918 through the first intake valve 914, and then into the piston chamber 913a.

As the next wave approaches, the magnetized floats 912 and the metallized piston 910 gradually rise, being in interaction due to magnetic forces, corresponding to the level of the passing water 936, thereby compressing gas or liquid inside the piston chamber 913a and removing gas or liquid through the first exhaust valve 916 and a first discharge line 920 to a hydraulic line 940. In the piston chamber 913b, a vacuum is created that draws gas or liquid through the second inlet line 926 and the second inlet valve 922 into the piston chamber 913b. The process is cyclically repeated with each subsequent wave.

If the pressure in each exhaust valve 916, 924 inhibits the movement of the metallized piston 910, then the magnetized floats 912 are separated from the metallized piston 910 and move relative to the wave, subsequently again interacting with the metallized piston 910 in the next wave cycle.

Figure 10 shows another embodiment of a float pump unit 1000 in accordance with this invention. The float pump unit 1000 comprises a base 1002, a housing 1004 attached to the base 1002, a housing cover 1006 attached to the housing 1004, and a housing base 1008. The piston cylinder 1010 is disposed within the housing 1004 and includes a piston cylinder cover 1012 and a piston cylinder ballast portion 1014, attached to the piston cylinder 1010 and located above the piston cylinder cover 1012. The piston 1016 is axially movable within the piston cylinder 1010. The float 1018 is located along the axis of the housing 1004 above the piston cylinder 1010 and is axially movable within the housing 1004. A plurality of piston rods 1020 are attached to the bottom surface of the piston 1016 and are attached to side surfaces of the float 1018.

An inlet valve 1022 and an exhaust valve 1024 are connected through a piston cylinder cover 1012 to a piston chamber 1026 formed by a piston cylinder cover 1012, a piston cylinder 1010, and a piston top surface 1016. The inlet line 1028 and the exhaust line 1030 are connected to the inlet valve 1022 and the exhaust valve 1024, respectively. . The inlet line 1028 and the outlet line 1030 pass through the ballast portion 1014 of the piston cylinder.

The base 1002 includes support legs 1032 attached to the lower part of the housing 1004 at one end and to a support base 1034 at the other end. The support base 1034 is adapted to support the bottom 838 of the water space 1038. The ballast tank 1040 is located on the upper part of the support base 1034 to hold the float pump unit 1000 in a certain position relative to the installation location in the water space 1038.

The housing 1004 includes several legs 1042 of the housing, which are made with the possibility of the passage of water 1038 between them. The legs of the body 1042 are attached to the base 1008 of the body. The housing 1004 also contains several stops 1045, made on the inner surface of the legs 1042 of the housing in order to limit the axial movement of the float 1018.

A settling tank is connected to the outlet line, which is also connected to the base of the housing 1008. The settling tank 1046 is configured to direct the flow coming from the outlet line 1030 and to supply the flow from the outlet line 1040 to the line 1048.

The piston cylinder 1010 is open from the opposite side of the piston cylinder cover 1012 so that water can come into contact with the bottom surface of the piston 1016. A seal (not shown) is provided around the perimeter of the piston 1016 to prevent leakage between the piston chamber 1026 and the water space 1038.

The piston 1016, which can be adjusted by the method described above, is slidably placed inside the piston cylinder 1010. Since the piston 1016 and the float 1018 are connected through the piston rod 1020, the movement of the float 1018 is in direct accordance with the movement of the piston 1016.

The float 1018 has a predetermined buoyancy so that the float 1018 moves cyclically in accordance with the hydrodynamic parameters of the water in which the float pump unit 1000 is installed. The buoyancy of the float 1018 can be controlled by the method described above, depending on the properties and hydrodynamic characteristics of the water and the device.

The inlet and outlet valves 1022, 1024 are unidirectional hydraulic devices that allow the flow of gas or liquid to pass either inward or outward from the piston chamber 1026, respectively. Preferably, the valves 1022, 1024 can be located in different places on the cover 1012 of the piston cylinder in order to achieve the desired pressure inside the piston chamber 1026.

During operation, after the float pump unit 1000 is initially placed in a body of water, such as an ocean, lake, river, or other medium in which waves are generated, the initial pressure in the exhaust line 1030, exhaust valve 1024, and piston chamber 1026 is zero. A wave having certain properties arrives at the float pump unit 1000. The wave water gradually lifts the float 1018, thereby raising both the float 1018 and the piston 1016. The gas or liquid entering the piston chamber 1026 begins to compress until the pressure in the piston chamber 1026 will not overcome the pressure in the exhaust line 1030. At this point, gas or liquid begins to flow through the exhaust valve 1024 and the exhaust line 1030 and is fed through the line 1048 to the desired location for use or storage.

When the wave passes the float pump unit 1000, the action of gravity moves the float 1018 down, which leads to a corresponding movement of the piston 1016 in the axial direction downward inside the piston cylinder 1010. A vacuum is created inside the piston chamber 1026; this involves the absorption of gas or liquid through the inlet line 1028 and the inlet valve 1022 into the piston chamber 1026. The process is cyclically repeated with each subsequent wave.

Figure 11 shows side views of the proposed float pump unit 100, shown in figure 1, mounted on equipment 1100 for cultivation of aquatic organisms. In this configuration, aquatic organisms cultivation equipment 1100 comprises a plurality of ballast tanks 1110 concentrically arranged around and attached to the float pump unit 100. These ballast tanks 1110 are also connected to adjacent ballast tanks 1110 by a plurality of wire extensions 1120. A plurality of ballast tanks 1110 may vary along the length or width to ensure the stability of the float pump unit 100 with respect to waves running from the body of water 1130 in which the float pump is installed ny unit 100.

This float pump unit may be modular in design for mobility. Mobile float pump unit can be installed in one place, disassembled and installed in another place. The mobility of the float pump unit may be different from other hydroelectric power devices that are not mobile, such as a hybrid turbine that is being built continuously for operation in one place. In addition, a group or field of mobile float pumping units can be moved to provide energy to various land or sea consumers (subject to changes in energy demand). For example, a group of one or more float pumping units can be deployed in the marine area to provide a military base that is deployed in a new area of deployment for an unknown period and which is subsequently relocated to another location. A group of float pumping units can be deployed essentially wherever there are sufficient sources of wave energy that correspond to the technical characteristics of the float pumping units.

FIG. 12A shows a ring 1200 of a float chamber, which can be used as a structural component to create the proposed structure shown in FIG. 12B and formed from several rings 1200 of float chambers to function essentially similar to float cylinder 104 (see FIG. 1 ) float pump unit. The float pump unit, which uses the ring 1200 of the float chamber, is modular in design. The ring 1200 of the float chamber comprises an outer ring 1202 and an inner ring 1204. The outer and inner rings 1202 and 1204 are concentric and can be connected using a number of spacers forming pairs of spacers 1206a-1206d (total 1206). The pairs of spacers 1206 can be arranged in parallel and arranged symmetrically with respect to the X and Y axes. These pairs of spacers 1206 provide support for the design of the outer and inner rings 1202 and 1204. Other structural and / or geometric configurations of the spacers can also be used to provide support for the design of the outer and inner rings 1202 and 1204. For example, a spacer configuration between outer and inner rings 1202 and 1204 may be used.

The guide ring cylinders 1210 can be located in the middle between the pairs of spacers 1206 and attached to both the outer and inner rings 1202 and 1204. These guide ring cylinders 1210 can be used to position and hold the ring 1200 of the float chamber on pile bases 1216 (as shown below on Figv). Each component of the ring 1200 of the float chamber may be made of steel and / or materials such as fiberglass or plastic, resistant to environmental conditions that are observed in the ocean or other environments.

FIG. 12B is a top perspective view taken in the cross-sectional direction of the float chamber shown in FIG. 1, where the ring of the float chamber shown in FIG. 12A is used. The float chamber 104 is formed by connecting a plurality of rings 1200 of the float chamber in the axial direction along eight pile bases or posts 1216, which can be mounted on a base (not shown) and arranged vertically on it, resting on the bottom of the body of water. Depending on the depth of the water, each of the pile bases 1216 may be formed by multiple segments. As shown in the figure, the pile base 1216 can pass through the guide ring cylinders 1210 located radially around the ring 1200 of the float chamber.

Tubular spacers 1218 mounted vertically on the base of the float pump unit 1212 can be attached to the inner ring 1204 at the locations of each spacer in a pair of spacers 1206. These tubular spacers 1218 are used as guides for the float 1220 (partially shown). The float 1220 may comprise or be attached to the float ring 1222. This float ring 1222 may be attached to or guided by tubular spacers 1218 in order to maintain the axial orientation of the float 1220 as it moves up and down inside the float chamber 104. Due to the modularity of the design, the float pump block 1212 may be installed and disassembled to change location.

FIG. 12C shows another embodiment of a ring of a float chamber 1200 ′ configured as a cover for the float chamber 104. The ring of the float chamber 1200 ′ can also be configured to position the piston chamber 1224. The positioning spacers 1226 can be substantially aligned with in pairs of spacers 1206 to form a rectangular zone 1228 around the center of the outer and inner rings 1202 and 1204. A rectangular guide element 1230 can be located in this rectangular zone 1228 and attached to the positions BID spacers 1226. The rectangular guide member 1230 may have a hole 1232 with dimensions sufficient to insert the piston chamber 1224 through and retain the piston chamber 1214 therein using soedinenitelnyh elements (not shown). It should be understood that the hole 1232 may also have dimensions and shape depending on the shape and size of the structural member (e.g., piston chamber 1224) that is supported and centered by the float chamber ring 1200 '.

13 is a diagram of an apparatus 1300 for dynamically determining and / or controlling the size of a float based on wave data, which shows a schematic representation of the proposed float 1302 on a monitor 1303 of a computing system 1304. The computing system 1304 includes a processor 1306 configured to operate with software 1308. Software 1308 is used to calculate the size and / or functioning model of the float 1302 based on wave statistics for I place in the body of water in which the float pump unit is installed, containing the float 1302. Software 1308 can be formed, for example, from lines of code or formulas contained in a spreadsheet. The software 1308 contains an algorithm that has input parameters for processing wave statistics and provides the mechanical characteristics and operational data of the device.

Computing system 1304 also includes a storage device 1310 associated with a processor 1306. This storage device can be used to store program 1308 and data obtained as a result of its operation. An input / output device 1312 is connected to a processor 1306 and is used to receive and transmit data within the system to or from a computer system 1304. A storage device 1314 is connected to a processor 1306 and is configured to store a database 1316. Database 1316 may store wave statistics and other data related to the configuration of one or more float pump units for installation. In one embodiment, the database 1316 is a data file associated with a float 1302.

Computing system 1304 may be connected to a network 1318 via a communication line 1320. In one embodiment, the network 1318 is the Internet. Also, network 1318 may be a satellite communications system. The wave statistics server 1322 maintains a database 1324 or another data file containing wave data collected by buoys from various places of water spaces around the world, as is understood by a person skilled in the art. The wave statistics server 1322 is connected to the network 1318 via a communication line 1326 so that the computing system 1304 can access or search for data along the waves stored in the database 1324. This wave data, which is accessed to obtain wave statistics from the server 1322 using a computer system 1304, can be manually, semi-automatically, or automatically included in the database 1316 and used by software 1308 to generate the dimensions and / or model of the float 1302.

The image 1301 of the float 1302 may also contain a number of data areas designed to receive input parameters and / or display the calculated results in the display areas for designing the float 1302. The designer of the float 1302 can use these input parameters to enter information related with specific or typical statistical wave motions over specific time periods. Also, input parameters can be read from a data file stored in the storage device 1314, on the wave data server 1322 or elsewhere, and displayed on image 1301.

When designing the float 1302, considerations of the installation location and installation duration should be taken into account. For example, if a float pump unit needs to be installed in a specific location for a specific period of time, such as three months, then the developer can enter a low, peak, and average level of wave statistics for those specific months at a specific location when designing the float 1302. If the float pump is to be installed for a longer period of time, then the low, peak, and average level of wave movement statistics can be entered for a longer period of time, such as five years , in order to determine the size of the float 1302.

Image 1301 may include input and output areas, including tables, matrices, graphics, or other visual material, to assist the designer of the float pump unit.

During the design phase of the float pump unit, the developer may perform a design process such as that proposed in accordance with Examples A and B, Tables 1-4 and FIGS. 3A-3F and FIG. 4D. During the design process, Example A (low wavelength), Example B (medium wavelength), and Table 1 provide examples for using wave statistics to calculate the sizes of various nodes (e.g., float) and system parameters (e.g., power). Dimensions such as float volume (BBv), cone volume (VC), base volume (VB), and other dimensions can be calculated as values dependent on wave statistics. Table 2, which describes the diameter of the float as a function of wave height (W _H ), can be used to determine both the dimensions and the operating parameters of the system. The results shown in image 1301 may be graphically displayed in relation to the elements and sizes shown, for example, in FIGS. 3A-3F and FIG. 4D. It should be understood that simpler or more detailed graphic images of the elements of the float pump unit can also be calculated and shown in image 1301. The input data shown in table 3 (average wave data for years) and table 4, reflecting the average monthly information on the waves, can be introduced into the computer system 1300 in the process of designing the nodes of the float pump unit based on data on the location and duration of the installation.

13 also shows display areas used to show the results of calculations made with software 1308 by computing system 1304. The results shown in the display areas may include a number of mechanical characteristics for float 1301, including height (h ₁ ) base (see Fig.4D), the diameter (d ₁ ) of the base, the height (h ₂ ) of the cone and other dimensions. In addition, other sizes of float pump unit assemblies, such as piston dimensions, can be calculated. The display areas may also contain parameters that affect performance, such as the possible stroke length and rise stroke time, as well as the pressure during the rise, which is the magnitude of the pressure directed upward and created by the float 1301 as a function of wave parameters (e.g., height and length )

Float pumping units are also stackable in order to meet the needs of a particular region. For example, a given number of float pumping units can be initially set to meet the needs of a particular region or part of a region, and then supplemented with other floatable pumping units to serve that region when it expands or for the remainder of the original region. This region may have only a small need for energy, requiring, for example, only 200 float pumping units, or have a large demand for energy that would cover several square miles of float pumping units and be comparable to the capacity of a dam with a power plant. Those. float pumping units are stackable and adaptable to any energy needs for a particular serviced region.

On Fig shows an embodiment of the proposed energy system 1400 based on float pumps, which uses a water tower. A group 1405 of one or more float devices 1410 is located at the bottom 1415 of the body of water 1420 in a predetermined configuration. This group 1405 of the float pump unit (s) 1410 may be networked, arrayed or otherwise arranged so as to install each float pump unit 1410 to receive wave movement with minimal or no interference from other float pump units 1410.

The discharge lines 1425 from the float pump units 1410 may extend along the bottom 1415 towards the shore 1430 where the water tower 1435 is installed. These discharge lines 1425 function as water lines that deliver water to or near the top of the water tower 1435.

The water tower 1435 functions as a pumped water tank that drives one or more turbines 1439 located in the engine room 1440 inside or near the base of the water tower 1435. It should be understood that the engine room 1440 can be located inside, near, or near the water tower 1435 in such a way as to obtain water accumulated in the water tower 1435, due to gravity to generate electrical energy from a stream of water passing through the turbine (s) 1439. Water passing through the turbine (that Rabin) 1439, can be returned back to the water 1420 through the turbine outlet 1440. Water can also be supplied for distribution for other uses, such as, for example, irrigation or desalination in order to be converted to drinking water.

Power lines 1445 may be connected to a turbine (s) 1439 for transmitting electricity generated by these turbines to an electrical network 1450, which includes power lines 1445. It is contemplated that pumps that generate energy in a different way than using the principles of float devices can also be used to supply water to a water tower 1435 in accordance with this invention. For example, pumps that generate energy through rotation and / or wind energy can also be used to supply water to the water tower 1435.

15 is a view of another embodiment of a representative energy system 1500 based on float pumps. The same or similar arrangement of a group 1505 of one or more float pump units 1510 located on the bottom 1515 of the body of water 1520, as shown in FIG. 14, may be installed. This group 1505 of float pumping units 1510 may be networked, arrayed, or otherwise arranged so that each float pumping unit 1510 is mounted to receive wave movement with minimal or no interference from other floatable pumping units 1410.

Outlet lines 1525 from the float pumping units 1510 may extend along the bottom 1515 towards the rock 1530, where one or more reservoirs 1535 are installed on top of 1540. Alternatively, reservoir (s) 1535 may be formed on top of the rock 1540 in the form of one or more pools or capacities. Outlet lines 1525 function as means for supplying water to or near the top of the reservoir 1535. In one embodiment, the reservoir (s) 1535 may be configured to allow recycling. One of these secondary uses is the hatchery. Reservoir 1535 operates to accumulate water pumped from the float pumping units 1510 to drive one or more turbines 1540 located in the engine room 1545 at or near the base of the rock 1530 to provide maximum water pressure on the turbine (s) 1540 per due to gravity. Alternatively, the turbine hall 1545 can be located in other places below the reservoir with the possibility of driving turbines (turbines) 1540. As is clear to a person skilled in the art, various turbines operate at different water pressures, i.e. rock heights and / or elevation of reservoir 1535 above turbines can be selected based on the type of turbine used. The electricity generated by turbines 1540 can be transmitted via power lines 1550 to an electrical network 1555.

On Fig shows another example of the layout of the float pump units 1602 located in the water body 1604 for converting wave energy into mechanical energy. The float pump units 1602 are arranged to supply gas, such as air, through the exhaust lines 1606, depending on the wave movement of the floats (not shown) of the float pump units 1602. The reservoir 1608 may be located on shore 1610 or underground on shore 1610, since the gas can be compressed and there is no need to lift it in order to drive a turbine 1612 installed in the engine room 1614. The turbine 1612 can be connected to the reservoir 1608 through the input lines 1616 for supplying compressed gas to the whole powering the turbine 1612. The turbine is connected to power lines 1618 for transmitting electricity generated by the turbine 1612 to an electrical network 1620 or other consumer, such as an enterprise.

Figa illustrates the proposed field 1700 pumps, which includes a float pump blocks 1702, arranged to supply fluid to the reservoir 1704 under the action of waves 1706 in the ocean 1708. Field 1700 pumps is arranged as a network of float pump blocks 1702, containing rows 1710 and columns 1712 of sections 1713 for installing float pumping units 1702. An empty portion along the column separates or separates two float pumping units 1702 in each row. Similarly, an empty portion along a row separates two float pumping units 1702 from each column. When separating or separating from each other the float pump units 1702, as shown in the figure, the wave that passes through the first column ₁ and between the two float pump units 1714a and 1714b, restoring its shape in front of the float pump unit 1714c in the second column with ₂ , and in row r ₁₄ , perpendicularly located between rows r ₁₃ and r ₁₅ , to two float pumping units 1714a and 1714b, thereby providing the float pumping unit 1714c in the second column with ₂ essentially the same wave energy that was received by the pop bench pumping units 1714a and 1714b in the first column c ₁ . Separation of the float pump units 1702 also helps minimize the amount of energy taken from each wave. By minimizing the amount of energy drawn from each wave, each float pump unit 1702 located in the pump field 1700 receives substantially the same amount of energy. It should be understood that other arrangements of the float pumping units 1702 can be used that provide the same or similar picture of the minimum change in the flow of waves in order to supply the maximum wave energy to each pump. When using the layout of the 1700 pump field shown in FIG. 17, waves are sent to shore 1714, essentially the same as if the 1700 pump field were not in front of shore 1714. Thus, this layout of the 1700 pump field is a solution to obtain energy from waves that are not harmful to the environment.

Figv is an enlarged image of the layout of the float pumping units 1702 containing individual float pumping units 1714a-1714c. The discharge lines 1718a and 1718b of the float pump units 1714a and 1714b are respectively formed leaving each float pump unit 1714a and 1714b along the first column c ₁ in the direction of row r ₁₄ containing the float pump unit 1714c. Outlet lines 1718a and 1718b are connected to another outlet line 1718c, which runs along row 114 toward the shore (1716). Accordingly, an outlet line (not shown) from the float pump 1714c may be connected to the outlet line 1718c. In addition, outlet lines from other float pumps 1702 located in rows r _{13 to} r ₁₅ may be connected to an outlet line 1718c to supply a fluid (i.e., liquid or gas) exiting the float pump units 1702 to the reservoir ( not shown) located on the ground, or in any other way. It should be understood that other configurations of the outlet lines for the fluid substance supplied to the tank may be used. Other configurations may be structurally or geometrically different. For example, instead of connecting the output lines 1718a and 1718b to one outlet line 1718c, each outlet line 1718a and 1718b may remain separate.

Also shown in FIG. 17B are an exemplary arrangement dimensions for a pump network. Each float pump unit 1702 has a base size of 47.3 ft ² . A distance of 15.8 feet between the rows (e.g., rows r ₁ and r ₂ ) of the float pumping units 1702 is accepted.

On Figa reservoir 1704 is located on top of a rock 1718 and receives water pumped from the float pumping units 1702 through the exhaust lines 1720. Water can accumulate in the tank 1704 and flow through the outlet lines 1722 to the turbine (s) (not shown), located in the engine room 1724. Water can be discharged again into the ocean 1708 through discharge lines 1726. In another embodiment, the reservoir may be located above the body of water, i.e. on a ship or oil platform.

Of course, that a system of float pumps can be designed to completely absorb almost all potential energy from a transmitted wave and use this energy in the manner described and shown in this description. Alternatively, this float pump system may also be designed to absorb part (e.g. 50%) of potential energy from a transmitted wave. Such technical solutions may use a network or other structure of the pump field, but contain float pump units in some or all of the empty areas.

The preceding description has been made for preferred embodiments of the invention and should not limit the scope of this invention. The scope of this invention is defined by the following claims.

Claims (27)

1. A float pump comprising a float having an adjustable volume that is arranged to move backward under the influence of waves, and a piston that is slidable inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, the piston being arranged to move in the first direction and second direction under the influence of the movement of the float, and the piston moves in the second direction for suction of the working fluid into the piston cylinder and moves in the first direction leniya for removal of a working environment from the piston cylinder. 2. The float pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the float also contains an upper part, as well as a lower part, which can be connected to the upper part. 3. The float pump according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper part of the float is connected by thread to the lower part of the float. 4. The float pump according to claim 2, characterized in that the float also contains means for telescoping the lower part relative to the upper part. 5. The float pump according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for telescoping the lower part include an engine attached to at least one lower part and the upper part of the float, the engine being configured to move one lower part and the upper part relative to the other lower part and the upper part so that the volume of the float is regulated. 6. The float pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the float is expandable in the radial direction. 7. The float pump according to claim 6, characterized in that the float also comprises a radially expandable external seal, a plurality of external plates attached to the external seal, a plurality of internal plates connected to move to the plurality of external plates, an engine, connected to the gearbox, the motor being axially located inside the float, as well as a plurality of expansion arms connected to the gearbox and external plates, and this is a plurality of expansion arms made with the possibility of expansion and contraction of the float in the radial direction. 8. A float pump comprising a float housing defining a float chamber through which the first fluid can flow, a float having adjustable buoyancy and configured to returnly move inside the float chamber under the influence of the waves of the first fluid, the float being sized to accommodate inside the float chamber, and has a conical part, so that by adjusting the dimensions and narrowing of the float, the lateral movement of the float inside the float chamber is reduced, and The engagement between the float and the float housing also decreases during the return movement of the float, as well as the piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, the piston being able to move back in the first direction and second direction under the influence of the movement of the float, while the piston moves in the second direction to suck the second fluid into the piston cylinder and moves in the first direction to displace the second fluid food from the piston cylinder. 9. The float pump of claim 8, wherein the first fluid is the same as the second fluid. 10. A float pump comprising a float housing defining a substantially cylindrical float chamber, the float housing being a substantially cylindrical cage having a plurality of openings through which a first fluid can flow, a float having an adjustable volume and configured to return inside the float chamber under the influence of the waves of the first fluid, as well as a piston that is slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float taste, and the piston is arranged to move backward in the first direction and the second direction under the influence of the movement of the float, the piston moves in the second direction to suck the second fluid into the piston cylinder and moves in the first direction to displace the second fluid from the piston cylinder. 11. The float pump of claim 10, wherein the first fluid is the same as the second fluid. 12. A float pump for use in a fluid, comprising a float housing defining a float chamber through which fluid can flow, a float located within the float chamber with a possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston cylinder Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first The direction of this displacement is carried flowable substance through at least one valve, a base connected to the float housing, characterized in that the base comprises a reservoir for storing fluid. 13. A float pump for use in a fluid containing a float housing defining a float chamber through which fluid can flow, a float located inside the float chamber with the possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston qi Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first The direction of this displacement is carried flowable substance through at least one valve, a piston rod connecting the piston and the float, and wherein the piston rod has an adjustable length. 14. A float pump for use in a fluid containing a float housing defining a float chamber through which fluid can flow, a float located inside the float chamber with the possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston qi Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first The direction of this displacement is carried flowable substance through at least one valve, and several stops attached to the inner surface of the float housing in the bottom thereof and defining the limit of movement of the float in the second direction. 15. A float pump for use in a fluid containing a float housing defining a float chamber through which fluid can flow, a float located inside the float chamber with the possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston cylinder Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first The direction of this displacement is carried flowable substance through at least one valve, and a few along the axis washers mounted on the inner surface of the float body adjacent the float, to minimize friction between the float body and the float and to stabilize the position of the float inside of the float chamber. 16. A float pump for use in a fluid medium, comprising a float body defining a float chamber through which fluid can flow, a float located inside the float chamber with the possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston cylinder Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first The direction of this displacement is carried flowable substance through at least one valve, wherein the float body comprises a substantially cylindrical cage having a plurality of apertures through which fluid can flow. 17. The float pump according to clause 16, characterized in that in a substantially cylindrical cage compensating holes are made to reduce turbulence of the fluid. 18. A float pump for use in a fluid containing a float housing defining a float chamber through which fluid can flow, a float located inside the float chamber with the possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston qi Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first The direction of this displacement is carried flowable substance through at least one valve, wherein the float has a predetermined adjustable buoyancy. 19. A float pump for use in a fluid containing a float housing defining a float chamber through which fluid can flow, a float located inside the float chamber with the possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston cylinder Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first The direction of this displacement is carried flowable substance through at least one valve, characterized in that the float also includes a top portion and a bottom portion attached movably to the top. 20. The float pump according to claim 19, characterized in that the float also contains means for telescoping the lower part relative to the upper part. 21. The float pump according to claim 20, characterized in that the means for telescoping the lower part comprise an engine attached to the upper surface of the lower part of the float, the engine being configured to rotate the lower part of the float in a predetermined direction and thereby implement telescopic extension of the float. 22. The float pump according to claim 19, characterized in that the float is expandable in the radial direction. 23. The float pump according to item 22, wherein the float also comprises a radially expandable external seal, a plurality of external plates attached to the external seal, a plurality of internal plates connected to move to the plurality of external plates, an engine, connected to the gearbox, the motor being axially located inside the float, and a plurality of expansion arms connected to the gearbox and external plates, and this set of expansion arms Made with the possibility of expansion and contraction of the float in the radial direction. 24. A float pump for use in a fluid, comprising a float housing defining a float chamber through which a fluid can flow, a float located within the float chamber with a possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston cylinder Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first In the direction, this fluid is displaced through at least one valve, characterized in that the float has an upper part having a radially tapering part and a part having no narrowing connected to it, on the inner surface of which a thread is made, a substantially cylindrical lower part having a plurality threads on its outer surface corresponding to threads on the upper part. 25. A float pump for use in a fluid containing a float housing defining a float chamber through which a fluid can flow, a float located inside the float chamber with the possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston qi Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first The direction of this displacement is carried flowable substance through at least one valve, and equipment for the cultivation of aquatic organisms, the float attached to the float body to provide stability against pump fluid. 26. A float pump for use in a fluid containing a float housing defining a float chamber through which a fluid can flow, a float located inside the float chamber with the possibility of axial movement inside it in the first direction as the fluid rises in the float chamber and in the second direction, as the fluid lowers in the float chamber, a piston cylinder connected to the float housing at least one valve located inside the piston cylinder Indra and acting as an inlet device during the movement of the float in the second direction, and as an outlet device during the movement of the float in the first direction, a piston slidably placed inside the piston cylinder and attached to the float, and it is placed to move in the first and second directions, when moving the float in the second direction, the fluid is sucked into the piston cylinder through at least one valve, and when moving the float in the first The direction of this displacement is carried flowable substance through at least one valve, wherein the piston cylinder has an open lower end, and the lower surface of the piston is configured to contact with the fluid. 27. The float pump according to p. 26, also containing several piston stops located below on the inner surface of the piston cylinder to limit the axial movement of the piston in the piston cylinder in the second direction.

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