RU2352474C1 - Vehicle hydropneumatic suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: proposed suspension comprises hydraulic cylinder of the L.H. side wheels suspension and that of the R.H. side wheels suspension. Every hydraulic cylinder incorporates a housing, con rod and piston which divides the cylinder inner chamber into head end and rod end. The L.H. side wheels suspension cylinder piston end communicates via hydraulic line and L.H. side wheels suspension valve with the L.H. side wheels suspension pressure tank and rod end of the R.H. side wheels suspension hydraulic cylinder. The R.H. side wheels suspension cylinder piston end communicates via hydraulic line and R.H. side wheels suspension valve with the L.H. side wheels suspension pressure tank and rod end of the L.H. side wheels suspension hydraulic cylinder. The aforesaid hydraulic lines incorporate throttles.

EFFECT: automatic reduction of center of masses during vehicle turns in motion, higher stability of vehicle and decreased roll.

9 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of engineering, namely to hydropneumatic suspensions of vehicles and can be used to create hydropneumatic suspensions of automobiles, truck cranes and other equipment.

BACKGROUND

Known hydro-pneumatic suspension of the vehicle / USSR author's certificate No. 1331667 published 08/23/1987 /, containing the left-side wheel suspension cylinder and the right side wheel suspension cylinder, each hydraulic cylinder contains a housing, a rod, a piston and a piston cavity (working chamber). The hydraulic cylinder does not have a stock cavity. In addition, the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder through the hydraulic line is connected to its hydraulic accumulator, and the piston cavity of the right-side wheel suspension cylinder through the hydraulic line is connected to its hydraulic accumulator. The suspension is equipped with a pump and automation equipment, including height controls for each hydraulic cylinder.

The technical result of the analogue is the stabilization, with the help of hydraulic cylinders and automation, of the body height with the subsequent elimination of the roll during movement when turning the vehicle due to the extension of the compressed rod during the rotation of the hydraulic cylinder, i.e. due to the lifting of the side of the body, which fell at the start of the turn.

The disadvantage of the analogue is the reduced stability of the vehicle from tipping over while driving on a road with an uneven surface at bends and during maneuvers, since the center of gravity of the vehicle rises.

The prototype of the invention is the hydropneumatic suspension of the vehicle / US patent US 3752497, published 14.08.1973, / containing a hydraulic cylinder for hanging the left side wheel and a hydraulic cylinder for hanging the right side wheel, each hydraulic cylinder contains a housing, a rod, a piston, and the piston divides the internal cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into the piston cavity and the rod cavity, and the piston cavity of the suspension cylinder of the left-side wheel suspension via a hydraulic line are connected to a hydropneumatic accumulator (hydraulic cavity evmoakkumulyatora) Wheel suspension left side hydraulic cylinder and rod cavity suspension starboard wheel and piston chamber of the hydraulic cylinder suspension starboard wheels through gidromagistrali connected to gidropnevmoakkumulyatorom starboard wheel suspension and suspension cylinder rod cavity left side wheels. The above features of the prototype coincide with the features of the invention.

In addition, the prototype is characterized by features that distinguish it from the invention:

1. The prototype has one valve that “turns on” and “turns off” the left side wheel suspension cylinder and the starboard wheel suspension cylinder. At the same time, the valve is located in the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder and the rod cavity of the left side wheel suspension cylinder and the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder. And the same valve is located in the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder to the starboard cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder and the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder.

2. A throttle is located in the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder to the left-side wheel suspension hydraulic accumulator.

3. A throttle is located in the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder to the starboard side with a hydraulic accumulator of the starboard wheel suspension.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the reduced stability of the vehicle from tipping over while driving on a road with an uneven surface at bends and during maneuvers.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Problem to be solved: creation of a hydropneumatic suspension providing increased vehicle safety during movement.

This problem is solved in that the hydropneumatic suspension of the vehicle comprises a left-side wheel suspension cylinder and a starboard wheel suspension cylinder, each hydraulic cylinder comprising a body, a rod, a piston, the piston dividing the internal cylinder cavity into a piston cavity and a rod cavity, and a piston cavity of the suspension hydraulic cylinder port side wheels through a hydraulic line through the suspension valve of the port side wheel is connected to a hydraulic accumulator (hydraulic cavity hydropne accumulator) of the suspension of the left side wheel and the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder of the suspension of the starboard wheel, and the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder of the suspension of the starboard wheel is connected via the hydraulic line through the valve of the suspension of the starboard wheel to the hydropneumatic accumulator of the suspension of the starboard wheel and the rod cavity of the cylinder of the suspension of the wheel a hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder to the rod cavity of the right-hand wheel suspension cylinder th bead located choke and gidromagistrali connecting the piston chamber of the hydraulic cylinder starboard wheel suspension with the stem cavity of the hydraulic cylinder suspension wheel left side, located a throttle.

The distinguishing features of the proposed hydropneumatic suspension of the vehicle from the prototype are the following features: the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder, via the hydraulic line through the port side wheel suspension valve, is connected to the hydropneumatic accumulator (hydraulic cavity of the hydropneumatic accumulator) of the left-side wheel suspension and the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder of the starboard wheel suspension by means of hydromag and through the starboard wheel suspension valve is connected to the starboard hydropneumatic accumulator of the starboard wheel suspension and the rod cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder, while in the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder to the rod cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder, a hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder to the rod cavity of the left-side wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder, false choke.

In the particular case of the invention, the starboard wheel and the starboard wheel are the wheels of one axle.

In another particular embodiment of the invention, the starboard wheel and the left wheel are wheels of different axles, in particular, the star wheel is the front axle wheel and the left wheel is the rear axle wheel or the star wheel is the rear axle wheel (adjacent axis), and the left side wheel is the front axle wheel. In this case, the axes may be continuous and / or split.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the stability of the vehicle from overturning while driving on a road with an uneven surface, in particular when cornering and during maneuvers. The specified technical result is achieved without the use of any special means of automation.

Increasing vehicle stability is achieved by:

1) automatic reduction of the center of mass during movement when turning the vehicle;

2) the most accurate compensation of instrumental errors of the vehicle suspension when refueling the hydraulic system of the suspension with a working fluid;

3) reduction of shock loads on the rod (and generally on the vehicle) when hitting an obstacle during turns and maneuvers.

We will dwell in detail on the three above-mentioned directions of increasing stability.

Automatic reduction of the center of mass during movement when turning the vehicle is ensured by hydraulic connection of the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder to the starboard side of the starboard wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder, as well as by hydraulic connection of the piston cavity of the right-hand side wheel suspension cylinder and the rod cavity of the left side wheel suspension cylinder. When turning, the vehicle is pressed to the ground, the shoulder of the tipping force decreases relative to the tipping point. Details of this mechanism will be disclosed below.

The most accurate compensation of instrumental errors of the vehicle suspension is required in order to ensure its horizontal position when the vehicle is on a horizontal platform. Achieving the above horizontal position is required in order to further ensure maximum stability of the vehicle against tipping over while driving on an uneven road on corners and when maneuvering in any direction.

In the particular case, for a self-propelled crane, the claimed suspension provides a horizontal position of the plane of the fixed device of the crane when it is on a horizontal platform prepared for operation. This allows the crane to safely lift and move the load while on wheels with the suspension turned off (without hanging the crane on outriggers).

Compensation of instrumental errors of the suspension (or leveling of the vehicle) is provided when filling the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders with the working fluid. Valves 22 and 30 are located in the hydraulic lines in such a way that with their help it is possible, if necessary, to block the movement of fluid from the cavities 20 and 28 (close each piston cavity when the vehicle reaches a horizontal position).

The prototype (patent US 3752497) has one control valve for all suspension cylinders (and the claimed invention has its own valve for each suspension cylinder). Switching off the valve (moving the pistons 30 and 31 of the valve to the extreme right or left position) will cause the pistons 12a and 12b of the suspension cylinders to reach their highest positions. And if the suspension had an instrumental error, then the vehicle on a horizontal platform will not occupy a horizontal position, with all the disadvantages ensuing from it.

The reduction of shock loads on the rod and the vehicle as a whole when hitting an obstacle during turns and maneuvers is provided by the location of throttles 35 and 24 in the hydraulic lines. They do not interfere with the movement of the working fluid from the piston cavities 20 and 28 of the hydraulic cylinders into the hydraulic accumulators 25 and 31 (see figure 3). Their installation in the highways connecting the rod cavities of one hydraulic cylinders with the piston cavities of other hydraulic cylinders allows damping the reverse strokes of the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders, preventing the development of oscillatory processes in the suspension. This is an important distinguishing feature of the claimed suspension from the prototype.

In the prototype, throttles are located in the hydraulic lines between the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders and the hydraulic accumulators. Thus, when hitting an obstacle (when the pistons move up), the working fluid, overcoming the resistance of the throttles, gets into the hydraulic accumulators. The damping properties of the hydropneumatic accumulators are limited. The prototype suspension is stiffer, more prone to fluctuations when the vehicle runs over obstacles, which significantly increases the risk of the vehicle tipping over while driving on an uneven road on bends and during maneuvers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The proposed hydropneumatic suspension of the vehicle is illustrated by the following drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 show the hydraulic circuits of the suspensions of one axis of the vehicle.

Figure 3 shows the hydraulic circuit of the suspension of the front and rear axles of the vehicle with the valves closed.

Figure 4 shows the hydraulic circuit of the suspension of the front and rear axles of the vehicle with the valves open.

Figure 5, 6 and 7 presents illustrations of the achieved technical results by analogues and the claimed invention.

On Fig presents a diagram of the mounting of the suspension hydraulic cylinder to the vehicle wheel in the case when the axis is split.

Figure 9 presents a diagram of the mounting of the suspension hydraulic cylinder to the axis of the vehicle in the case when the axis is continuous.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The proposed hydropneumatic suspension of the vehicle is similar to the prototype (see figure 1). Figure 1 presents the structural features common to the invention and prototype. The suspension comprises a left-side wheel suspension cylinder 1 and a starboard wheel suspension cylinder 2. The hydraulic cylinder 1 contains a housing 3 (the housing is an element of the hydraulic cylinder in which the piston with the rod is located, it is also called the cylinder liner), the rod 4, the piston 5, and the piston divides the internal cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into the piston cavity 6 and the rod cavity 7. The hydraulic cylinder 2 contains the housing 8, the rod 9, the piston 10, and the piston divides the internal cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into a piston cavity 11 and a rod cavity 12.

The rod 4, as well as the rods of all the suspension cylinders are connected to the frame (position 77 of Fig. 8) of the vehicle by means of hinges.

The piston cavity 6 of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder 1 via the hydraulic line 13 is connected to the hydropneumatic accumulator 14 (hydraulic cavity 15 of the hydropneumatic accumulator) of the left-hand wheel suspension and is connected to the rod cavity 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 of the right-hand wheel suspension.

A hydraulic line is understood to mean a device containing a channel for moving the working fluid, or interconnected devices containing channels for moving the working fluid between certain elements of the hydraulic system.

A hydraulic highway, in particular, may consist of a pipeline or interconnected pipelines or interconnected pipelines and cavities for moving the working fluid located in various hydraulic devices, for example, inside the hydraulic cylinder rod, or pass through a valve or throttle, etc.

The piston cavity 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 of the starboard wheel suspension is connected via the hydraulic line 16 to the hydraulic accumulator 17 of the starboard wheel suspension and the rod cavity 7 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 of the starboard wheel suspension.

In the particular case of the implementation of the hydropneumatic suspension of the vehicle (see figure 2) contains a valve 22 (in particular, a shut-off valve or hydraulic valve) of the left-side wheel suspension located in the hydraulic line (forming the hydraulic element of this line) between the piston cavity 6 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the hydraulic accumulator 14 left side wheel suspension.

Also in the particular case of the implementation of the hydro-pneumatic suspension of the vehicle (see figure 2) contains the valve 30 of the starboard wheel suspension located in the hydraulic line between the piston cavity 11 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and the hydraulic accumulator 17 of the starboard wheel suspension.

A throttle 24 is located in the hydraulic line 23 (see FIG. 3) between the cavity 27 and the hydraulic accumulator 25. And a throttle 35 is located in the hydraulic line 34 between the cavity 33 and the hydraulic accumulator 31.

The hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder to the starboard cavity of the right-side wheel suspension cylinder contains a pipeline with an inner diameter of 12 mm (from 6 to 15 mm) and a wall thickness of 2 mm (from 0.5 to 5 mm), the length of the hydraulic highway is from 1 to 5 m.

The hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder to the rod end of the left-side wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder contains a pipeline with an inner diameter of 12 mm (from 6 to 15 mm) and a wall thickness of 2 mm (from 0.5 to 5 mm), The length of the hydraulic highway is from 1 to 5 meters.

In the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder to the rod cavity of the right-side wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder, a throttle with an internal channel diameter of 7 mm (3 to 10 mm) is located; as well as in the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder to the starboard cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder, there is a throttle with an internal channel diameter of 7 mm (3 to 10 mm).

A part of the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder to the starboard side of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder cylinder passes through the port of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder, and also through the rod of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder.

And also in the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder to the starboard port of the left side wheel suspension cylinder, it passes through the port of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder, as well as through the port of the left side wheel suspension cylinder.

The rod 75 (see Fig. 8) of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder (as well as all the suspension cylinder rods) with its free end (on which the ball bearing 76 is located, which is also called the ball joint) is attached to the vehicle frame 77 by means of a ball joint (ball supports 76), and a wheel 63 and levers 64 and 65 (these levers are also called V-shaped levers) are attached to the body of the hydraulic cylinder 78, by which the hydraulic cylinder body is attached to the vehicle frame. The levers are made adjustable in length. The levers are attached to the frame by means of hinges, in particular ball joints (see positions 85 and 86 of Fig. 8).

A lever 87 is fixed on the housing, which is pivotally connected to a rod 88, which rotates the housing of the hydraulic cylinder 78 with the wheel 63 relative to the rod 75, relative to the longitudinal axis of the hydraulic cylinder 89, as well as relative to the levers 64 and 65. The levers 64 and 65 are attached to the hydraulic cylinder housing through the rotary part 91 and the hinge 90. The hinge 90 is fixed to the cylinder body motionlessly, namely, without the possibility of rotation relative to the housing 78.

The hinge 76 is made spherical or cylindrical, preventing the rotation of the rod relative to the longitudinal axis 89 of the hydraulic cylinder.

The longitudinal axis of the levers 64 and 65 lie in the same plane.

The angle 66 (see Fig. 8) between a straight line 79 parallel to the longitudinal axis 89 of the hydraulic cylinder and a perpendicular 80 to the local horizon is 5 degrees (takes values from a range from 0 to 15 degrees). Line 79 may be a continuation of the longitudinal axis 89 of the hydraulic cylinder.

It is convenient to position line 79 on the outer surface of the cylinder body 78, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

The rod of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder with its free end is also attached to the vehicle frame by means of a ball joint (ball joint), and the wheel and levers connecting the cylinder body to the frame of the vehicle are attached to the cylinder body.

In this case, the axis between the right and left wheels is split.

In Fig.9 shows a variant of mounting the hydraulic cylinder to the axis 67 of the vehicle. The right and left wheels are attached to the axis 67. In this case, the axis is continuous.

Structurally, part of the hydraulic line (or part of the hydraulic lines) can be made in the form of a flexible hose. So, to the highways (channels) 81 and 82 (see Fig. 9) passing inside the rod, flexible hoses 83 and 84 are attached.

The piston stroke of each hydraulic cylinder is 180 mm (100 to 300 mm).

Each hydro-pneumatic accumulator is made in the form of a container, in the inner cavity of which is located an elastic (elastic) membrane 69 (see Fig. 3), which separates the internal cavity of the hydro-pneumatic accumulator into a hydraulic cavity 41 and a pneumatic (gas) cavity 68.

In the particular case of the invention, the hydropneumatic suspension can be described as follows.

The hydro-pneumatic suspension of the vehicle comprises a hydraulic cylinder 18 of the front axle port side wheel suspension and a front axle port side hydraulic cylinder 19, a rear axle port axle cylinder 36 and a rear axle port axle cylinder 43. Each hydraulic cylinder contains a housing, a rod, a piston, and the piston divides the internal cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into a piston cavity and a rod cavity.

In this case, the piston cavity 20 of the suspension cylinder of the left side wheel of the front axle via the hydraulic line 21 and the valve 22 (shut-off valve 22) is connected to the hydraulic accumulator 25 (hydraulic cavity 26 of the hydraulic accumulator 25) of the suspension of the left side wheel of the front axle and connected via the hydraulic line 23 to the rod cavity 27 the hydraulic cylinder 19 of the wheel suspension of the starboard side of the front axle, and the piston cavity 28 of the hydraulic cylinder 19 of the wheel suspension of the starboard side of the front axle by means of the hydraulic line 29 and valve 30 connected to the hydraulic accumulator 31 (hydraulic cavity 32 of the hydraulic accumulator 31) of the wheel suspension of the starboard side of the front axle and by means of the hydraulic line 34 is connected to the rod cavity 33 of the cylinder 18 of the wheel suspension of the left side of the front axle.

A throttle 24 is located in the hydraulic line 23, and a throttle 35 is located in the hydraulic highway 34.

The piston cavity 38 of the rear axle port suspension cylinder 36 through the hydraulic line 39 and the valve 49 is connected to the hydropneumatic accumulator 40 (hydraulic accumulator 41 of the accumulator 40) of the rear axle wheel suspension and is connected via the hydraulics 42 to the stem cavity 37 of the rear axle cylinder 43 of the rear axle suspension axes, and the piston cavity 44 of the hydraulic cylinder 43 of the wheel suspension of the starboard side of the rear axle is connected via the hydraulic line 45 and valve 50 to the hydraulic accumulator 46 ( ravlicheskoy cavity 51 gidropnevmoakkumulyatora 46) suspension starboard rear axle and wheels by gidromagistrali 47 is connected to the left side of the hydraulic cylinder 36 of the rear axle wheel suspension rod cavity 48.

In figure 3, the valves 22, 30, 49 and 50 are closed. With the valves closed, the hydraulic cylinders do not work as shock absorbers.

4, valves 22, 30, 49, and 50 are open. With the valves open, the hydraulic cylinders act as shock absorbers.

A throttle 53 is located in the hydraulic line 42, and a throttle 52 is located in the hydraulic line 47.

In addition, the hydraulic accumulator 25 through the hydraulic line 70 and the cranes 55 and 58 is connected to the filling line 74.

The hydro-pneumatic accumulator 31 is connected via a hydraulic line 71 and valves 56 and 58 to the filling line 74.

The hydraulic accumulator 40 is connected via a hydraulic line 72 and cranes 54 and 58 to the filling line 74.

The hydraulic accumulator 46 is connected via a hydraulic line 73 and cranes 57 and 58 to the filling line 74.

Cranes 55 and 58 are used to fill hydraulic lines and cavities 20 and 27 of hydraulic cylinders 18 and 19 with a working fluid - oil.

Through open cranes 58 and 55, the cavities 26, 20, 27, as well as the internal cavities of the hydraulic lines 21 and 23 are filled with oil.

Through open cranes 58 and 56, the cavities 32, 28, 33, as well as the internal cavities of the hydraulic lines 29 and 34 are filled with oil.

Through open taps 58 and 54, cavities 41, 38, 37, as well as internal cavities of hydraulic lines 39 and 42 are filled with oil.

Through open cranes 58 and 57, cavities 51, 44, 48, as well as internal cavities of hydraulic lines 45 and 47 are filled with oil.

Highways 70, 71, 72 and 73 are called gas lines. In addition, they can serve as drain lines.

The above construction can be applied to a multiaxial, in particular a biaxial vehicle.

The operation of the claimed hydropneumatic suspension will be shown in comparison with the work of other vehicle suspensions.

During the movement of a vehicle that is not equipped with a hydropneumatic suspension, when it is turned to the left (see Fig. 5), a force 60 is applied to the center of mass 59. The product of the force 60 by the shoulder 62 will give a tilting moment. In this case, the center of mass is shifted to the right - in the direction of overturning. The vehicle body will tilt at an angle of 61. If the angle exceeds a critical value, the vehicle will tip over.

The prototype suspension works so that when turning to prevent the appearance of the angle of inclination of the body (see Fig.6). In this case, the stability of the vehicle is increased.

The claimed hydropneumatic suspension works so that during the movement of the vehicle when turning, its body is pressed to the ground, the height of the center of mass decreases, the tipping moment decreases in the absence of a tilt angle of the body.

The claimed suspension works as follows. During the movement of a vehicle equipped with a hydropneumatic suspension, when it is turned to the left (see Figs. 7 and 1), a compressive force appears, acting on the rod 9 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 (see Fig. 1). The pressure in the piston cavity 11 under the piston 10 increases, and therefore oil from the piston cavity 11 enters the rod cavity 7 of the left-side hydraulic cylinder 1 along the line 16, and also into the hydraulic cavity of the hydraulic accumulator 17. The piston 10 makes a direct stroke, the rod 9 retracts hydraulic cylinder 2. The pressure in the cavity 7 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 increases, and the oil presses on the piston 5, which compresses the oil in the piston cavity 6. Oil from the piston cavity 6 through line 13 enters the rod cavity 12 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and into the hydraulic cavity umulyatora 14. The piston 5 makes a forward stroke, the piston rod 4 is retracted into the hydraulic cylinder 2. Thus, both the rod 4 and 9 are drawn into the cylinders, the body (or frame) of the vehicle is pressed against the ground.

Biaxial suspension works as follows. During the movement of the vehicle, when it turns to the left (see Figs. 7 and 4), compressive forces appear on the rods of the hydraulic cylinders 19 and 43 (see Fig. 4) of the starboard side. The pressure in the cavities 28 and 44 under the pistons increases, in connection with which the oil from the cavities 28 and 44, respectively, enters the rod cavities 33 and 48 of the left-side hydraulic cylinders, as well as into the hydraulic cavities 32 and 51 of the hydraulic accumulators 31 and 46 of the starboard side, along the highways. The pressure in the cavities 33 and 48 of the hydraulic cylinders 18 and 36 increases, and the oil presses on the pistons, which compress the oil in the piston (they are also called sub-piston) cavities 20 and 38. After that, the oil from the piston cavities 20 and 38 enters the rod cavities 27 through the mains and 37 hydraulic cylinders 19 and 43 and into hydraulic cavities 26 and 41 of the hydraulic accumulators 25 and 40. Thus, the rods of all hydraulic cylinders are retracted - the body (or frame) of the vehicle is pressed to the ground, the distance from the ground to the center of mass decreases, the tipping moment decreases.

If the valves 22, 30, 49 and 50 are open, the piston cavities 20, 28, 38 and 44 are hydraulically connected to the hydraulic accumulators 25, 31, 40 and 46, as well as to the rod cavities 27, 33, 37 and 48. Suspension performs its functions.

If the valves 22, 30, 49 and 50 are closed, the piston cavities 20, 28, 38 and 44 are isolated from the hydropneumatic accumulators 25, 31, 40 and 46, and also isolated from the rod cavities 27, 33, 37 and 48. The suspension will not their functions.

The characteristics of the throttles 35, 24, 52 and 53 are chosen so as to effectively damp the suspension vibrations, to prevent resonance or self-oscillations.

Hydropneumatic accumulators in the suspension function as a spring.

Studies have shown that for damping vibrations (avoiding resonances) of a vehicle while driving, it is advisable that the areas of passage sections (minimum passage sections) of the throttles 35 and 24 be different in magnitude from the area of passage sections (minimum passage sections) of the throttles 52 and 53 In addition, it is advisable that the area of the bore sections (minimum bore sections) of the throttles 35 and 24 be different in magnitude, and it is also advisable that the area of the bore sections (minimum bore sections) mudflow 52 and 53 were also different in magnitude.

For damping vibrations, it is also advisable that the internal volume of the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder to the left side hydraulic suspension accumulator differ in magnitude from the internal volume of the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder to the right-side hydraulic cylinder.

In addition, for the same purpose, it is necessary that the internal volume of the hydraulic line connecting the rod cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder to the starboard hydropneumatic accumulator be different in magnitude from the internal volume of the hydraulic line connecting the rod cavity of the right-hand wheel suspension cylinder and the hydropneumatic accumulator .

It is advisable (see Figs. 9 and 1) that the area of the passageway of the highway 82 (connecting the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder with the left side hydraulic suspension accumulator) is greater than the area of the passage section of the line 81 (connecting the rod cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder with hydropneumatic accumulator of starboard wheel suspension).

It is advisable (see Figs. 9 and 1) that the area of the passageway of the highway connecting the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder to the starboard hydropneumatic accumulator is larger than the area of the passage of the line connecting the rod cavity of the starboard hydraulic cylinder of the starboard wheel suspension and the accumulator port side.

In addition, in order to prevent self-oscillatory processes, the suspension must be designed in such a way that the hydraulic line connecting the left-side wheel suspension hydro-pneumatic accumulator to the rod side of the starboard wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder differs in length from the hydraulic line connecting the right-side wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder accumulator to the rod floor port side.

To prevent self-oscillating processes, the suspension must be designed in such a way that the hydraulic line connecting the hydropneumatic accumulator of the left-hand wheel suspension to the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder is different in length from the hydraulic line connecting the hydropneumatic accumulator of the right-hand wheel suspension and the piston cavity of the right-hand side of the hydraulic cylinder.

As a rule, during operation of the suspension, the cranes 54, 55, 56, 57 and 58 are closed.

If necessary, to ensure maximum damping of the suspension vibrations during its operation, cranes 54, 55, 56 and 57 can be opened. Crane 58 is closed. In this case, the cavity 28 of the hydraulic cylinder 19 is connected not only with the cavity 32 of the hydropneumatic accumulator 31, but also with the cavities 51, 41, 26 of other hydropneumatic accumulators.

Compensation of instrumental errors of the suspension is ensured when filling the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders with the working fluid. Refueling goes along the highways through cranes 58, 54-57 (see Fig. 3) with open valves 22 and 30. Valves 22 and 30 (as well as valves 49 and 50) are located in hydraulic lines in such a way that they can be used to if necessary, block the movement of fluid from the cavities 20, 28, 38 and 44 (close each piston cavity when the vehicle reaches a horizontal position).

Reducing shock loads on the rod and the vehicle as a whole when hitting an obstacle during turns and maneuvers is provided by the location of throttles 35 and 24, as well as 52 and 53 in hydraulic lines. They do not interfere with the movement of the working fluid from the piston cavities 20 and 28, as well as 38 and 44 hydraulic cylinders, into the hydraulic accumulators 25 and 31, as well as 40 and 46 (see FIG. 3). The installation of throttles in the lines connecting the rod cavities of some hydraulic cylinders with the piston cavities of other hydraulic cylinders allows damping the reverse strokes of the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders, preventing the development of oscillatory processes in the suspension. This is an important distinguishing feature of the claimed suspension from the prototype.

Thus, the achievement of a technical result. Achieving increased stability of the vehicle from overturning due to: automatic reduction of the center of mass during movement when turning the vehicle; the most accurate compensation of instrumental suspension errors; reduce shock loads on the rod and the vehicle as a whole when hitting an obstacle during turns and maneuvers.

Claims (1)

A hydro-pneumatic suspension of a vehicle comprising a left-side wheel suspension cylinder and a starboard wheel suspension cylinder, each hydraulic cylinder comprising a body, a rod, a piston, the piston dividing the internal cylinder cavity into a piston cavity and a rod cavity, and a piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension cylinder via a hydraulic through the port side wheel suspension valve is connected to the hydropneumatic accumulator (hydraulic cavity of the hydropneumatic accumulator) of the suspension and the left side and the rod cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder, and the piston cavity of the starboard wheel suspension cylinder is connected via the hydraulic line through the starboard wheel suspension valve to the starboard wheel hydraulic accumulator and the rod end of the left cylinder wheel suspension cylinder, while the piston cavity of the left-side wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder with the rod cavity of the right side wheel suspension hydraulic cylinder is located a throttle is located in the hydraulic line connecting the piston cavity of the starboard suspension cylinder of the starboard wheel to the rod cavity of the starter cylinder of the suspension of the left side wheel.

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