RU2352408C2 - Classifying table for line of automated saw timber classification - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: classifying table may be used in creation of line of automated saw timber classification with longitudinal displacement of boards in sawmills with low (up to 5000 m³) and medium (up to 40000 m³ per year) production volumes. Classifying table comprises control panel, slide gates and reversible conveyor separated in width by partitions into corridors. Slide gates of classifying table distributor device with their medium part are fixed on common shaft with the possibility of rotation in vertical plane, which is perpendicular to conveyor longitudinal axis, and their installation at different incline angles for alternate direction of saw timber feed into several corridors of classifying table; rollers of classifying table reversible conveyor are installed in frames as two on bearings and are connected pairwise between each other by means of gear or friction transmission. One roller from every pair is rotated by mechanical or hydraulic drive; frames with rollers are hingedly installed on base in one horizontal plane with the possibility of forced incline to this or that side in vertical plane that passes through longitudinal axis of conveyor with the help of drive. Invention differs from available analogues by simpler and less metal consuming design of slide distributor device, reversible mechanism of conveyor, which provides for boards feed in opposite directions without variation of drive rotation direction and other movable parts of conveyor.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and reliability of classifying line as a whole.

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Description

The invention relates to the woodworking industry and can be used to create mechanisms designed for the mechanization of sorting of lumber at sawmills and woodworking enterprises, with small and medium production volumes.

Currently, large sawmills use automated sorting lines of domestic and foreign production for the sorting of sawn timber with the transverse movement of the boards by sorting conveyors. These lines have high productivity (up to 40 boards per minute or more), but are bulky (weight from 60 tons or more) and expensive. When using them, the formation of drying stacks or transport bags directly in the line stores is practically impossible, therefore, packs of boards obtained during sorting must first be removed from the sorting zone and then transported for subsequent transfer with the formation of drying stacks or transport packages; their description and characteristics are given in the sources (Shimkevich Yu.B. Handbook on lumbering. S-Pb, publishing house ProfiKS, 2003, 195 pp .; Silaev VI Mechanization of work in warehouses of lumber. M., ed. in "Forest industry", 1980, 123 pp.) (analogue - 1).

In sawmills with medium and small volumes of production, as a rule, “sorted areas” (transverse 4-5 chain conveyors) with manual sorting of boards are used. The labor costs for sorting with their use make up from a quarter to half the labor costs of the entire sawmill. It is impossible to form drying stacks and transport packages at the sorting sites, like the mentioned automated sorting lines, without turning and re-shifting lumber, which significantly reduces labor productivity in enterprises.

In connection with the foregoing, the problem arose of creating for enterprises of small and medium-sized lumber production inexpensive automated sorting lines with the longitudinal movement of the boards, since manual labor on sorting is excluded on such lines, and drying stacks and transport packages can be formed directly near the line, without re-shifting the boards , which also provides a reduction in manual unproductive labor.

Known sorting line with the longitudinal movement of lumber for small sawmills (Zanegin L.A. and others. Line for sorting lumber and beams. - Woodworking industry, 2003, No. 4, p.7, 8).

The line includes a longitudinal roller conveyor and transverse chain conveyors with pushers for dumping boards into drives located on both sides of the roller conveyor. The need to install transverse conveyors against each pair of drives complicates and increases the cost of the sorting line. The line productivity is 5-6 boards per minute, which is not enough with average production volumes (analogue - 2).

A sorting device is also known (V. Silaev. Mechanization of work in sawn timber warehouses. M., Forest Industry Publishing House, 1980, p.21, 22), made in the form of slide shutters slanted in one line. Controlled gate valves form a ramp along which the boards, when the shutters are opened, fall onto the remote conveyor belts and are transported through them to drives. Such a switchgear (sorting table) is simple in design and reliable, but can only service a limited number of drives, usually up to four (analog - 3, selected as a prototype). This is explained by the fact that after sorting by controlled slide gates, lumber is fed to single-acting belt conveyors located in the sorting corridors. With this scheme, one sorting corridor ensures that only one sorting size of lumber is sorted into one drive.

Another disadvantage of this (prototype) technical solution is that for the distribution of boards on the number of “n” sorting corridors, (n-1) sets of on-off slide gates are required, which complicates the design of the distribution unit.

The essence of the proposed technical solution lies in the fact that the conveyor of the sorting table is equipped with a reversible drive, and this provides a doubling in comparison with the prototype of the fractionality of sorting with the same number of sorting corridors. In addition, instead of the on-off slide gates, each pair (set) of which provides sorting of lumber into one corridor, the construction of multi-position slide gates, the pair (set) of which can serve up to four sorting corridors, is proposed.

The proposed technical solution for reversing the conveyor of the sorting table also claims to be new. We abandoned the standard reverse built into the electromechanical drive of the conveyor, the disadvantage of which is that in order to change the direction of movement of the board (lumber) to the opposite, all moving and rotating nodes and parts of the conveyor must change the direction of their movement to the opposite, and this is in case of stress ( 15-20 boards per minute) the operation of the sorting table (left-right) is fraught with loss of time (i.e. productivity), increased energy consumption and premature wear of equipment, from I have inertial loads.

Therefore, we have proposed a reverse engineering solution that provides an instant change in the movement of lumber to the opposite without changing the direction of movement of the nodes and parts of the conveyor and its drive.

In general, a technical solution is proposed for the sorting table of the line for sorting lumber, devoid of these disadvantages.

This is achieved by the fact that the slide gates of the switchgear (sorting table) with their middle part are fixed on a common shaft with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor, and their installation with different angles for feeding lumber alternately in several corridors of the sorting table, and the rollers of the conveyor of the sorting table, two in bearings, are mounted in cages (frames) and are connected in pairs by a gear or friction gear. In this case, one roller from each pair is driven into rotation by a mechanical or hydraulic drive; the frames with rollers are pivotally mounted in one horizontal plane on the base with the possibility of forced tilt to one side or the other in the vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the conveyor using a control mechanism.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by schemes, where:

Figure 1 shows a General view (top) of the sorting table (in the circuit abcd) as part of an automated line for sorting lumber; figure 2 is a view of AA; figure 3 is a side view of the node along B; figure 4 is a sectional view of the explosive switchgear and the reversing conveyor; figure 5 - the control mechanism of the gate valves.

Schematic diagram of the reversing conveyor of the sorting table (side view and DD) is presented in Fig.6, and Fig.7 is a top view of one pair of rollers of the reversing conveyor in a frame (clip).

The line (Fig. 1) contains a control panel 9, a sorting table as part of a switchgear (Figs. 4, 5) and a reversing conveyor (Figs. 6, 7); remote conveyors 1 with drives 8, 13 and dumping devices 2, 12; drives 7 or receiving tables 26. Lumber 14 per line are fed by a transverse conveyor 5.

Sorting table as part of a switchgear (Fig. 1, 4) and a reversing conveyor (mainly roller type) (Fig. 6, 7) is divided by the width of the partitions 3 into sorting corridors 20.

The distribution device (Figure 4) consists of a base 21, mounted on the shaft 22 of the gate 6 and the mechanism 11 for turning and installing the gate 6 at the required angle. Figure 5 as one of the possible options given the rotation mechanism of the gates in the form of two articulated hydraulic cylinders 23.

The reversing conveyor (Figs. 4, 6, 7) of the sorting table includes rollers 4, mounted in pairs in frames (holders) 19, interconnected by a gear 15. Frames 19 with rollers 4 are pivotally mounted on the base 17 with the possibility of tilting from a horizontal position in one or the other side using the control mechanism 18. The rotation of the rollers 4 is carried out from the electromechanical (hydraulic) drive 10 through a flexible 16, 24 (or other) transmission using tension rollers 25.

Automated line operates as follows.

The operator includes a cross conveyor 5, right and left remote sorting conveyors 1. On the feed conveyor 5, the boards 14 are located at the pushers and at regular intervals are fed to the sorting line, while the intensity (in time) of the supply of boards by conveyor 5 should be synchronized with the speed of the remote sorting conveyors 1 and the speed of the reversing conveyor. The operator visually evaluates the board (its size, quality, wood species), presses the corresponding button on the control panel 9, while the gates 6 of the switchgear are rotated by the rotary mechanism 11 (Figs. 1, 5) (these positions are indicated by numbers in Fig. 4 I, II, III, IV), ensuring the supply of the board to the desired corridor 20, and the reversing conveyor 4 is turned on in the necessary direction. The feed board reversing conveyor in the right direction due to the small (2-3 °) tilt of the frames 19 through the reverse control system 18. Since the rollers 4, arranged in pairs within 19, rotate in different directions due to the gear 15, when the frames 19 are tilted in one direction or another, the roller group necessary for fulfilling the operator’s order comes into contact with the board, and the board moves in the desired direction without changing direction of rotation (movement) of the nodes and parts of the conveyor, and its drive. This ensures the elimination of inertial loads in the drive and conveyor nodes and reduces the time interval between the supply of boards to the sorting table, which increases its throughput and the productivity of the line as a whole.

Board 14, having got into the corresponding corridor 20, is moved by the rollers in the necessary direction to the end of the corridor, where it abuts against the shield 2 mounted at an angle and, by means of screw winding on the rollers 12, is dumped into the drive 7 or onto the receiving table.

Further, with significant volumes of sawn timber production (30-40 thousand cubic meters per year) and the presence of an automated device in the sawmill shop for forming drying stacks (transport packages), packs of sawn timber from drive 7 are transported to this device by a forklift truck to receive a drying stack, and in the absence of such a packaging device, drying stacks 27 or transport bags are manually formed directly near the sorting line.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to simplify the design, increase the reliability of the sorting table while increasing the productivity of the line to meet the needs of sawmills, not only with small but also medium volume of production; a product made using the claimed technical solution should be easier compared to existing analogues and cheaper.

The claimed technical result is achieved:

- replacement of on-off gates (analogue-3) of a switchgear with a multiposition;

- the use of a reversible conveyor of a special design that ensures the movement of the boards in opposite directions without changing the direction of rotation of the conveyor drive and its rollers.

Using the proposed technical solution, sorting lines with sorting fractionality (standard sizes of sawn timber) from 8 to 16 can be manufactured.

The claimed technical solution can be implemented in industry using standard equipment and non-essential materials at any enterprises in the forestry engineering.

The analysis of the prior art in the patent and scientific and technical literature of the claimed technical solution did not reveal a tool that has features identical to all the features contained in the claimed solution, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "novelty" presented to the invention. A comparative analysis of the claimed technical solution and prototype allowed us to establish the presence of significant distinguishing features, allowing to obtain the claimed technical result.

Claims (1)

A sorting table for an automated line for sorting lumber, containing a control panel, a switchgear, including slide gates installed with the possibility of rotation in a vertical plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor, and a reversible roller type conveyor, divided by the width of the partitions into sorting corridors, characterized in that the gate valves with their middle part are fixed on a common shaft with the possibility of installing them with different angles of inclination for the direction of pi materials in turn in several corridors of the sorting table, and the rollers of the reversing conveyor, to ensure the supply of sawn timber in the opposite direction, are mounted in pairs on bearings in a frame and interconnected by a gear transmission, while one roller from each pair is driven by a mechanical or hydraulic drive, and frames with rollers are pivotally mounted in one horizontal plane with the possibility of forced tilt to one side or the other in a vertical plane passing through rodolnuyu conveyor axis.

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