RU2350477C2 - Method of obtaining products from coniferous tree cone wastes and wastes composition for product obtaining - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry.

SUBSTANCE: mixture of cedar business wastes is put into the moulding box with constant heating up to 100-120°C. Mixture pressing is performed under the pressure of 180-220 kg/cm² and then held under pressure within 10-12 min. Obtained product is cleaned from excess resin, held without pressure on horizontal surface within 8-9 hours and then the surface of obtained product is polished. Composition of coniferous tree cones wastes for product obtaining contains cone wastes, namely cone core, cone peeling containing pignoli nut-shell and cedar resin with the following wt % ratio: cone core 5-80, cone peeling 5-80, pignoli nut-shell 5-80, and cedar resin - the rest.

EFFECT: improving effect with increased strength, humidity resistance and lifetime.

8 cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of production of extruded products, namely, facing tiles from waste cones of conifers, which can be used in construction for decoration of internal surfaces of premises, including for the manufacture of stair railings and other decor elements; for the manufacture of souvenir products: art panels, wooden inlaid caskets, pyramids; for the manufacture of kitchen utensils; for the production of furniture, including children's; for the manufacture of health cabins in hospitals, clinics, sports facilities, fitness clubs, etc., as well as for the manufacture of rugs for the computer mouse.

A known method of obtaining decorative products from waste cones of conifers by pretreatment of waste with an aqueous hardener solution, pressing treated waste by heating under pressure with exposure to pressure and exposure of the resulting material at room temperature (RU 2229389, B44C 1/24, 2004).

The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the process.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a method of obtaining products from tree waste, which consists in pressing waste conifer cones under a pressure of 30-50 kg / cm ² when heated from 60 to 75 ° C with holding under pressure for 8-12 minutes. After pressing, the front and back surfaces of the product are fixed (fixed on planes) without pressure and incubated for 20-24 hours at room temperature. In this case, cone husk and cone skeletons (RU 2121925, B44C 1/24, 1998) are used as waste conifer cones.

The disadvantage of this method is the low water resistance of the obtained material, as well as peeling over time of the husk located on the front surface of the unprocessed product. In addition, the surface of the tiles is sticky, since there is no curing of the natural resin. All this affects the quality of the finished product.

The objective of the present invention is to develop a method for producing products from cedar industry waste and a composition from these waste products with improved performance characteristics - strength, moisture resistance, durability and thereby improve the quality of the resulting products.

The problem is solved by the proposed method for producing products from waste conifer cones by pressing the starting materials by heating with holding under pressure and holding the resulting products without pressure at room temperature, in which according to the invention a mixture of cedar wastes is used as starting materials, the mixture is poured into shape with a constant heated to 100-120 ° C, compressing the mixture at a pressure of 180-220 kg / cm ² and maintained under pressure for 10-12 min, the resulting product och schayut from excess resin is heated without pressure on a horizontal surface for 8-9 hours, the surface polished products obtained.

To obtain a decorative product in the form, first lay out the pattern from the waste of cedar craft, and then pour the mixture into the mold.

As a mixture of cedar wastes, use cone skeletons, cone husks, pine nutshells, as well as the components listed above and cedar gum.

Used cedar fishing waste is pre-crushed to a powder state.

After grinding, the product is additionally coated with mastic previously prepared on the basis of cedar resin.

The problem is also solved by the proposed composition from waste conifer cones to obtain products containing pine cone waste, namely: cone skeletons and cone husk, in which according to the invention it additionally contains pine nut shell and cedar resin, taken in the following ratio of components, wt .%:

 skeletons of cones 5-80  cone husk 5-80  pine nutshell 5-80  cedar resin rest

Cedar cones waste is used in crushed form.

Cedar cones waste is used in powdered form.

The proposed method is illustrated in the following examples.

Example 1. For the manufacture of products using a mixture of cedar wastes - cones skeletons, cone husks, pine nutshells, crushed to a powder state, and cedar resin.

Spread in the form (for example, 20 × 25 cm in size) with constant heating up to 120 ° C a picture of the manufactured product from the above pine waste - cones' skeletons, cone husks, pine nutshells. On top of the mold, a mixture of cones, cones, husks of pine nuts, crushed to a powder state, and cedar resin are poured onto the mixture until the entire mixture in the mold is 300 g.

At the same time, these components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:

 skeletons of cones 5  cone husk 5  pine nutshell 80 cedar resin 10

The mixture is pressed under pressure of 220 kg / cm ² in a hydraulic press, developing a force of up to 100 tons, and is kept under pressure for 12 minutes. The resulting product is removed from the mold, cleaned of excess resin, maintained without pressure on a horizontal surface at room temperature for 9 hours. At the end of the process of cooling the product to room temperature, it is ground and coated with mastic, previously prepared on the basis of cedar resin.

Example 2. For the manufacture of products using a mixture of cedar wastes - cones skeletons, cone husks, pine nutshells, crushed to a powder state, and cedar resin.

Spread in the form (for example, 20 × 25 cm in size) with constant heating up to 110 ° C the picture of the manufactured product from the above pine pine waste - cones' skeletons, cone husks, pine nutshells. On top of the mold, a mixture of cones, cones, husks of pine nuts, crushed to a powder state, and cedar resin are poured onto the mixture until the entire mixture in the mold is 300 g.

At the same time, these components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:

 skeletons of cones 5  cone husk 80  pine nutshell 5  cedar resin 10

Compression of the mixture is carried out under a pressure of 200 kg / cm ² in a hydraulic press, developing a force of up to 100 tons, and kept under pressure for 11 minutes The resulting product is removed from the mold, cleaned of excess resin, maintained without pressure on a horizontal surface at room temperature for 8 hours. At the end of the process of cooling the product to room temperature, it is ground and coated with mastic, previously prepared on the basis of cedar resin.

Example 3. For the manufacture of products using a mixture of cedar wastes - cones skeletons, cone husks, pine nutshells, crushed to a powder state, and cedar resin.

Spread in the form (for example, 20 × 25 cm in size) with constant heating up to 100 ° C a picture of the manufactured product from the above cedar fishing waste - cones' skeletons, cone husks, pine nutshells. On top of the mold, a mixture of cones, cone husks, cedar nuts, crushed to a powdery state, and cedar resin are poured onto the mixture until 280 g of all the mixture obtained is contained in the mold.

At the same time, these components are taken in the following ratio, wt.%:

 skeletons of cones 80  cone husk 5  pine nutshell 5  cedar resin 10

Compression of the mixture is carried out under a pressure of 180 kg / cm ² in a hydraulic press, developing a force of up to 100 tons, and is kept under pressure for 10 minutes The resulting product is removed from the mold, cleaned of excess resin, maintained without pressure on a horizontal surface at room temperature for 8 hours. At the end of the process of cooling the product to room temperature, it is ground and coated with mastic, previously prepared on the basis of cedar resin.

Example 4. Carried out analogously to examples 1-3 to obtain tiles with embossed depths of up to 1 mm on the back and / or front side in the form of an ornament, which is a stylized image of bee honeycombs, the cell side of which is 20 or 30 mm.

Example 5. Carried out analogously to examples 1-3 to obtain a tile with an embossed (1-3 mm high) image of a cone, or capercaillie, or squirrel, or bear, extruded on its front side.

Example 6. Carried out analogously to examples 1-3 to obtain a tile, the manufacture of which uses a combination of a pattern laid out from the cones fractions, embossing the pattern and extruding the relief on the outer surface to obtain an emblem, logo, etc.

The resulting products have a salable appearance while maintaining the smell of resins of conifers, in particular cedar. At the same time, all the necessary requirements for finishing materials for environmental cleanliness of production and environmental safety of product operation are observed.

The proposed method for producing products from waste conifer cones and the composition of these waste products for the claimed combination of features that they allow to solve the problem: to improve the operational characteristics of the products - strength, moisture resistance, durability, as well as get a healing effect when using these products.

Claims (8)

1. A method of obtaining products from wastes of cones of conifers by pressing raw materials by heating with holding under pressure and holding the resulting products without pressure at room temperature, characterized in that the mixture of cedar wastes is used as starting materials, the mixture is poured into a mold with permanent heated to 100-120 ° C, compressing the mixture at a pressure of 180-220 kg / cm ² and maintained under pressure for 10-12 min, the resulting product was purified from excess resin is heated without pressure at r rizontalnoy surface for 8-9 hours, the surface polished products obtained. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the form, first spread the pattern from the waste of cedar fishing, and then pour the mixture into the mold. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, as a mixture of cedar wastes, pine cones, pine cones, pine nutshell and cedar resin are used. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the used cedar wastes are pre-ground to a powder state. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after grinding the product is additionally coated with mastic previously prepared on the basis of cedar resin. 6. The composition of waste cones of conifers to obtain products containing wastes of pine cones, namely, cones skeletons, cone husks, characterized in that it additionally contains pine nuts shell and cedar resin, taken in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
skeletons of cones 5-80 cone husk 5-80 pine nutshell 5-80 cedar resin rest 7. The composition according to claim 6, characterized in that the waste of pine cones is used in crushed form. 8. The composition according to claim 6, characterized in that the waste of pine cones is used in a crushed to powder form.