RU2343688C1 - Separator for removing foreign objects from grain mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural industry; mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: separator consists of a sieve made in the form of a conveyor belt which covers sprockets installed on a drive shaft and a driven shaft. Sieve has side walls with an external wave-like edge. In internal sieve cavity between sprockets there installed is an air duct conjugated with the conveyor belt on the radius equal to 0.6 part of diameter of conveyor belt sprockets. Above external surface of conveyor belt installed is an air duct overlapping the belt widthwise, and having on its end an expansion made on the radius equal to 5 diameters of conveyor sprockets. Near the sieve there provided is a belt conveyor used for removing foreign objects and equipped with a perforated reflecting screen which is rounded at its upper part. For supplying air under the sieve and above the sieve there provided is a fan, the discharge pipe of which is connected with air ducts and equipped with an adjustable flow divider. The fan is driven from a hydraulic motor. For supplying grain mixture there provided is a tank with a flow control. Tank bottom is hinged and has a shaker roller. For discharging clean grain and foreign objects, the separator is equipped with belt conveyors.

EFFECT: improved operational reliability.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for the preliminary processing of grain or non-flying heaps with a high content of non-cereal components.

A known grain heap separator containing a rotating frame located inside the casing with a cylindrical sieve fixed on it, as well as mechanisms for loading the mixture and unloading fractions, while plates mounted on the frame are arranged along the cylindrical surface of the sieve, bent in the direction of its rotation, which have devices for them rotation in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the sieve, and located on the cylindrical surface of the sieve in a checkerboard pattern, and the separator is equipped with an additional casing, set nnym between the sieve and the main casing and configured perforated (SU, Inventor's Certificate №976889).

The disadvantages of this separator of the grain mixture are the complexity of the design, low reliability, trauma to the grain with plates and screws, low productivity.

A known pre-treatment heap separator containing two coaxially horizontal cylindrical sieves, loading and unloading devices, rippers located on the inner surface of the sieve, and a drive for separator elements, while the rippers are made in the form of rippers-separators installed to the rotation direction at an angle smaller the friction angle, and have a rod working surface, the distance between the rods of which is equal to the size of the holes of the corresponding sieve, and the inner and outer p Sheth mounted rotatably in opposite directions and with different peripheral velocity (SU, Inventor's Certificate №2211557).

The disadvantages of this heap pre-treatment separator include: design complexity, grain trauma by rippers, separators and a fine fraction auger, low productivity and reliable operation.

Known grain heap separator containing a sieve made in the form of a conveyor belt covering sprockets eccentrically mounted on the drive and driven shafts, while it is equipped with sieve sides installed by bearings on shafts with an eccentricity equal in magnitude and direction to the eccentricity of the sprocket installation, as well as the sieves of the branches of the sieve fixed to the sidewalls, and the accelerators are made in the form of rollers, the separator itself is equipped with a louvre shield located behind the sieve and fixed to the sides, and equipped with a device for changing its position relative to the sieve, in addition, the separator is equipped with fans for supplying air under the sieve, and an auxiliary sieve is installed under the rear of the conveyor belt (SU, copyright certificate No. 954044).

The disadvantages of this separator of grain heaps include the complexity of the design, the lack of separation of grain and impurities, low productivity, bulkiness of the structure.

In addition, such a design cannot be placed in mobile machines, for example in a combine harvester.

This design is accepted by us as the closest analogue.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

The problem to which the invention is directed is the creation of a separator for pre-treatment of heaps with a high content of non-cereal components and increased productivity.

The technical result is an increase in reliability, simplification of design, providing the possibility of use in mobile machines.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known separator for cleaning the grain mixture containing a sieve, made in the form of a conveyor belt covering sprockets mounted on the drive and driven shafts, while the sieve has sidewalls with a wave-like outer edge, in the inner cavity of the sieve is installed between the sprockets an air duct having an interface with the conveyor belt along a radius equal to 0.6 of the diameter of the stars of the conveyor belt, an air duct is installed above the outer surface of the conveyor belt, covering the conveyor belt in width and having an extension at the end, made in radius equal to 5 diameters of the conveyor sprockets, next to the sieve in the form of a conveyor belt there is a conveyor belt for removing impurities, equipped with a perforated reflective shield having a rounding in the upper part to supply air under a sieve and a fan is provided above the sieve, the discharge pipe of which is connected to the air ducts and equipped with an adjustable flow divider, the fan drive is made from a hydraulic motor, for For feeding the grain mixture, a hopper with a flow regulator is provided, the bottom of the hopper is hinged and has a shaker roller; to remove cleaned grain and non-grain components, the separator is equipped with conveyor belts.

The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed invention, allowed to establish that the applicant did not find an analogue characterized by features identical to all the essential features of the claimed invention.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the criterion of "novelty" under existing law.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 presents the separator for cleaning the grain mixture, a side view with a cut along the sieve.

Figure 2 is a top view of figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section aa in figure 2.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed technical solution is as follows.

The separator for cleaning the grain mixture contains a feed hopper 1 with a regulator 2 for feeding the grain mixture, which is installed above the sieve 3, made in the form of a conveyor belt having sides 4 with a wave-shaped outer edge, an air duct 5 is installed above the sieve 3, overlapping the conveyor belt (sieve 3) in width and having an extension at the end, made in a radius equal to 5 diameters of the conveyor sprockets, an air duct 6 is installed between the sprockets 3 between the sprockets, which is interfaced with the conveyor belt (sieve 3) along a radius equal to 0.6 of the diameter of the stars of the conveyor belt.

The loading hopper 1 has a bottom, which is mounted by means of a hinge 7 to the wall of the hopper and has a copying roller 8 of the shaker coupled to the wave-shaped outer edge of the sidewall 4. A conveyor belt 9 is provided for shipping the cleaned grain, and a conveyor 10 for removing non-grain components. Conveyor 10 has a baffle grill 11 and is interfaced with a conveyor 12 of non-cereal components. The fan 13 is designed to supply air to the air ducts 5, 6. The drive of the fan 13 is made from a hydraulic motor 14. Adjustment of a given flow rate and air pressure is provided by an adjustable flow divider 15. To pass air from the air duct 5, holes 16 are provided.

The separator for cleaning the grain mixture works as follows.

Through the flow regulator 2, the grain mixture enters the sieve 3. When the conveyor belt moves, the grain mixture moves and enters the zone of action of the air flows through the air ducts 5 and 6.

In this case, the flow entering through the air duct 6 penetrates the grain mixture located on the grate 3, and light impurities are removed from the grain mixture, rise up, captured by the air flow 5 and removed to the conveyor 10 non-grain components. The transfer of non-cereal components beyond the conveyor 10 is prevented by the fender grill 11, and the air flow passes through the holes 16 of the fender grill 11, which prevents its swirling. The quality of cleaning the grain mixture is regulated by the amount of the mixture supplied by the flow regulator 2, as well as by an adjustable flow divider 15. The use of a sieve in the form of a conveyor belt with air supply under the sieve and above the sieve provides a significant simplification of the design, increases the reliability of work, which allows the developed design to be used in mobile machines.

Claims (1)

A separator for cleaning the grain mixture containing a sieve made in the form of a conveyor belt covering sprockets mounted on the drive and driven shafts, characterized in that the sieve has sidewalls with a wavy outer edge, an air duct is installed between the sprockets between the sprockets, which is interfaced with the conveyor belt along a radius equal to 0.6 of the diameter of the stars of the conveyor belt, an air duct is installed above the outer surface of the conveyor belt, overlapping the width of the conveyor belt and having at the end, an expansion made in a radius equal to 5 diameters of the conveyor sprockets, next to the sieve in the form of a conveyor belt, there is a belt conveyor for removing impurities, equipped with a perforated reflective shield having a rounding in the upper part, for supplying air under the sieve and above the sieve, a pressure fan the nozzle of which is connected to the air ducts and is equipped with an adjustable flow divider, the fan drive is made from a hydraulic motor, a hopper with a regulator is provided for supplying the grain mixture With a flow rate, the bottom of the hopper is articulated and has a shaker roller; to remove the cleaned grain and non-grain components, the separator is equipped with conveyor belts.

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