RU2343680C1 - Device intended for subsoil spread manure application - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural industry; mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: device meant for subsoil spread manure application includes a tank, working members with a distributing header, a vacuum self-refuelling system, and a pressurised system. The device is equipped with a dosing pump meant for nitrification inhibitor, which, by means of a pipeline, is connected with the header of working members, which has a static mixer, a measuring vessel with a tap and a distributing tube connected thereto and used for supplying ammonia to the tank with manure, and a centrifugal pump. The latter, by means of pipelines, is connected with tank and header of working members in order to mix manure and ammonia and nitrification inhibitor.

EFFECT: design of the device will allow enriching spread manure with nitrogen and decreasing losses thereof in the soil.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular, to devices for intrasoil spreading of liquid manure (VF) and other liquid organic fertilizers.

A wide variety of animal husbandry technologies, methods for cleaning manure in the premises, types and capacities of livestock farms and complexes, natural and climatic conditions necessitated the receipt of livestock with unequal properties, which led to the need for various processing technologies. Unambiguously, when storing liquids in storage, a significant amount of the ammonia nitrogen contained in it is lost. It is also known that a significant part of manure assimilated by plants nitrogen is lost from the root zone of the soil when it is planted in the soil in autumn or early spring before sowing. Leaching and denitrification are believed to be the main factors causing nitrogen loss from soil with manure.

Therefore, it is necessary, in order to replenish the nitrogen lost during storage, the enrichment of liquid manure with nitrogen before its introduction and the implementation of measures to reduce its losses in the soil.

Field observations show that nitrogen losses are significantly reduced if nitrification inhibitors, substances that preserve ammonium nitrogen in the soil for 1 ... 1.5 months, are suppressed simultaneously with manure due to the suppression of the vital activity of nitrifying bacteria.

They provide greater flexibility in the timing of field operations (for example, it is possible to introduce VF in the fall with less nitrogen loss when soil conditions are favorable).

A known machine for applying liquid organic fertilizers to the soil TERRA-GATOR 250S company "Ag-Chem" (USA). The disadvantage of this machine is the lack of a mixing system. Similar machines are known for the models MZhT, RZhT produced by “Bobruiskagromash” (Belarus), which, along with a vacuum self-loading system, are equipped with a pressure device with a centrifugal pump, which also provides mixing of fertilizers in the tank. Basically, they are intended for surface application of liquid organic fertilizers, but their modifications are known for intra-soil application - model ABB-F-2.8. These machines are closest in design to the declared one. However, they do not have equipment for the enrichment of ammonia and nitrification inhibitors of introduced liquid manure.

Known devices for performing such operations. This stationary device is shown in FIG. 1 in Paper No. 83-1505 (ASAE), Technigue and Equipment for N-Serve Application to Liquid Animal Wastes, by E.R. Miller, a.o. "

The disadvantages of this device are as follows: firstly, it is the introduction of an inhibitor into a manure tank, which, as a rule, is made of unalloyed steel, in relation to which the inhibitor is a strong corrosive substance. Secondly, most inhibitors are poorly soluble in water, so their portioned introduction into the intake pipe does not ensure their uniform distribution over the entire volume of the tank. At the same time, the enrichment of VF is done with liquid ammonia by entering into the intake pipe, which does not ensure complete absorption of ammonia. It is known that the reaction of dissolving liquid ammonia in water is exothermic and is accompanied by rapid evolution of the vapor phase. Therefore, since the filling of the tank is by suction or displacement of air from the tank, part of the ammonia is also sucked from the tank and discharged in the area of this device, which is dangerous for the machine operator and others. For the same reason, this method does not provide an accurate dosage of ammonia in the fertilizer.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed device is a machine selected as a prototype for subsoil spreading of liquid manure, including a tank, working bodies with a distribution manifold, a vacuum self-priming system and a pressure system (Mechanization and electrification of agricultural production. / Ed. By Bautin V.M. ., Moscow, Kolos, 2000, pp. 119-120).

A disadvantage of the known device is that it does not have equipment for the enrichment of ammonia and nitrification inhibitors of introduced liquid manure.

The technical task of the invention is to provide a machine for subsoil co-introduction of liquid nitrification inhibitors, ammonia and liquid manure.

The technical problem is achieved in that the machine for subsoil liquid manure, including a tank, working bodies with a distribution manifold, a vacuum self-priming system and a pressure system, according to the invention, is equipped with a metering pump for a nitrification inhibitor, which is connected via a pipe to a working collector with a static mixer organs, a measuring vessel with a crane and a distribution pipe connected to it for feeding ammonia into a tank with manure, and a centrifugal pump, which through pipelines connected to the tank and collector of the working bodies for the process of mixing manure with ammonia and a nitrification inhibitor.

Comparison of the claimed device with the prototype shows that the presence of a metering pump connected to a collector of working bodies, a measuring vessel with a tap and a distribution pipe connected to it, and a centrifugal pump connected to the tank and collector of working bodies is new.

Thus, the claimed device meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

The inventive device meets the criterion of "inventive step", since a result satisfying the existing need has been achieved: directly in the tank of the machine enrichment of liquid manure by nitrogen is achieved by introducing ammonia and reducing denitrification of manure in the soil.

The inventive device meets the criterion of "industrial applicability", as it can be used in agriculture. The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the General structural diagram of the machine; figure 2 presents the technological diagram of the systems of the machine.

The machine for subsoil liquid manure injection consists of a chassis 1, a tank 2, working bodies 3 with feeding tubes 4. A distributing unit 5 is mounted on the chassis, driven by a tractor power take-off shaft (PTO), which is connected to a centrifugal pump 6, a vacuum pump 7 and with a metering pump 8 nitrification inhibitors. The inhibitors are charged into the tank 9. From the metering pump 8 through the pipeline 10, the inhibitors are fed into the dispensing manifold 11, where a static mixer 12 is also installed.

A measuring vessel 13 for liquid ammonia is mounted on the chassis. The vessel is equipped with a measuring glass 14, a manometer 15 and a three-way valve 16. The valve is connected to the filling pipe 17 and the distribution pipe 18. The vacuum pump is connected to the tank 2 through a pipe 19 with a shut-off valve 20. The centrifugal pump 6 is connected to the tank 2 by a pipe 21, with a distributing manifold - a pipe 22, which, through a switching valve 23 and a pipe 24, is looped with the tank during the mixing operation. The loading pipe 25 is connected to the pipe 21 by means of a valve 26.

Operations on the introduction of subsoil liquid manure is performed by the machine as follows.

The tractor drives the machine to the liquid manure accumulator, through the crane 26 connects the loading pipe 25 to the pipe 21. The vacuum pump 7 is turned on. The tank 2 is filled with liquid manure with a known nitrogen content. The car is transported to a gas station with ammonia and a nitrification inhibitor. The required amount of liquid ammonia is filled into the measuring vessel 13 through the pipe 17 and the valve 16. The inhibitor is filled into the tank 9. Switch the valve 16 to supply ammonia to the tank. Accordingly, the speed and dose of manure application adjust the metering pump 8 to the required position. Set the cranes 23 and 26 in the mixing position. Turn on the centrifugal pump 6. There is a homogenization of fatty acids with the final absorption of ammonia. At the entrance to the field, lower the working bodies 3, switch the cranes 23 to the position of the manure supply to the collector 11. Turn on the metering pump 8 and the centrifugal pump 3 with the beginning of the movement of the machine. The uniform distribution of the inhibitor along the feeding tubes provides a static mixer 12.

The use of the proposed machine for intrasoil spreading of liquid manure allows directly enriching liquid manure with nitrogen by introducing ammonia directly in the tank of the machine and reducing the denitrification of manure in the soil through co-application with nitrification inhibitors.

Claims (1)

A machine for subsoil liquid manure injection, including a tank, working bodies with a distribution manifold, a vacuum self-priming system and a pressure system, characterized in that the machine is equipped with a metering pump for a nitrification inhibitor, which is connected via a pipe to a working body collector with a static mixer, a measuring vessel with a crane and a distribution pipe connected to it for feeding ammonia into a tank with manure, and a centrifugal pump, which is connected via pipelines en with a tank and a collector of working bodies for the implementation of the process of mixing manure with ammonia and a nitrification inhibitor.

Images