RU2341100C2 - Method of feeding of laying hens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method of feeding of laying hens provides introduction of egg crosses in the basic diet to chickens from daily age with the further transfer of a probiotic in a flock of industrial laying hens before the end of egg-laying, consisting of a mix of microbic weight, wt %: Lactobacillus acidophilus B 2991 - 20, Lactobacillus plantarum B 3242-20, Lactobacillus delbruckii B 7640-5, Bifidobacterium bifidum 791-10, Azotobacter chroococcum B 3162 - 10, Azotobacter vinelandi B 2587 - 10, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y 365-10, Bacillus subtilis B 4828-10, Bacillus subtilis B 5225 - 5, in doses of 0.3-1.5 ml on 10 hens depending on the age period. Decrease in expenses of forages on a unit of production is thus reached.

Age, days. Dose, ml/10 hens Up to 10 days 0.3 10-20 0.5 20-30 0.7 30-40 0.8 40-50 1.0 50-60 1.1 60-70 1.5 Laying hens 1.5

EFFECT: allows increasing daily average weight gain, safety of a bird and egg-laying capacity of laying hens.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to poultry farming, namely the feeding of hens of egg crosses at a cage in poultry farms.

A known method of feeding chickens, comprising introducing into the feed a consortium of bacteria, including representatives of the genera Ruminococcus sp., Lactobacillus sp. and Asomonas sp. The drug is added in an amount of 0.1 g per head (A.S. USSR No. 1398796, A23K 1/165, C12N 1/00, 1988). It increases the gain in live weight of chickens by 25.7% and the digestibility of fiber by 10.3%, but its significant drawback is the lack of a pronounced effect of the probiotic on the safety and productive parameters of the bird.

These shortcomings are overcome to a certain extent by the use of the Biosan preparation, which is a mixture of lactobacilli of the species Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus buchneri (AS USSR No. 1777772, A23K 1/165, 1992). The use of the drug can increase the average daily gain of chickens by 6.4% and increase their safety by 2.1%.

Despite progress, the search for new ways to improve the quality of poultry products is necessary.

The objective of the invention is to increase the productivity and preservation of egg chickens with their further transfer to an industrial herd of laying hens when feeding the main diet with the addition of a probiotic, starting from the day old until the end of laying.

The technical result is to increase the safety of the livestock by stimulating the internal reserves of the poultry organism while reducing the cost of feed per unit of production.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the proposed method of feeding laying hens provides for the introduction of egg crosses into the main diet for chickens from day old with further transfer to a herd of industrial laying hens until the laying of a probiotic consisting of a mixture of microbial mass, wt. %:

Lactobacillus acidophilus B2991 twenty Lactobacillus plantarum B3242 twenty Lactobacillus delbruckii B7640 5 Bifidobacterium bifidum 791 10 Azotobacter chroococcum B3162 10 Azotobacter vinelandi B2587 10 Saccharomyces cerevisiae y365 10 Bacillus subtilis B4828 10 Bacillus subtilis B5225 5

in doses of 0.3-1.5 ml per 10 goals, depending on the age period:

Age days Dose, ml / 10 goals Up to 10 days 0.3 10-20 0.5 20-30 0.7 30-40 0.8 40-50 1,0 50-60 1,1 60-70 1,5 Laying hens 1,5

In the proposed method for feeding egg birds with the main diet, the probiotic Biostim is used together with the probiotic, which promotes better digestion and absorption of feed and inhibits pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract.

Probiotic Biostim consists of a mixture of microbial mass, wt.%.

Lactobacillus acidophilus B2991 twenty Lactobacillus plantarum B3242 twenty Lactobacillus delbruckii B7640 5 Bifidobacterium bifidum 791 10 Azotobacter chroococcum B3162 10 Azotobacter vinelandi B2587 10 Saccharomyces cerevisiae y365 10 Bacillus subtilis B4828 10 Bacillus subtilis B5225 5

Probiotic Biostim - products of the EM series. Developed by scientists of NPO Biotech LLC, Stavropol. Technical specifications TU 9291-003-22129272-03 (first time), introduction date 2003. Bioadditive is designed to displace pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microbial background from animal feed, as well as to restore the balance of microflora of various organs and mucous membranes of the bird. The drug is available in liquid form and is a microbial mass of live active strains of nitrogen-fixing, lactic acid bacteria, saccharomycetes. Microorganisms are not pathogenic, non-toxic and qualified as industrial. Does not contain transgenic or artificially synthesized microorganisms. It is ecologically safe. All microorganisms are registered in the state register.

The strains were obtained from the All-Russian collection of industrial microorganisms of the State Research Institute of Genetics and Breeding of Industrial Microorganisms, Moscow.

Viable cells of microorganisms contained in the preparation secrete enzymes and biologically active substances, displacing pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms from the intestine of the bird and restoring its microecological balance. The normalization of the microflora of the intestine of the bird is of paramount importance for its life - full enzymatic digestion of food, the synthesis of vitamins, essential amino acids and substances with antibacterial activity, the removal of toxic substances (natural biosorbent), the stimulation of intestinal motility and the normalization of the evacuation of intestinal contents, and the increase in the immune response of the body.

Table 1 Composition and nutritional value of feed for chickens Components 1 control group 2 experimental group Age days Age days 1-21 22-50 51-90 1-21 22-50 51-90 Corn thirty twenty 46.8 thirty twenty 46.8 Wheat 29.7 34 eleven 29.7 34 eleven Barley - 10.5 - - 10.5 - Wheat bran - - twenty - - twenty Fishmeal, 42% Protein eleven - 5.8 eleven - 5.8 Monocalcium - Phosphate 0.3 0.3 - 0.3 0.3 - Salt 0.2 0.2 - 0.2 0.2 - Premix P5B1 one - one - Premix ERA - 5 - - 5 - a piece of chalk 1.4 1,5 1,5 1.4 1,5 1,5 Sunflower cake 4.4 eleven 13 4.4 eleven 13 Soybean meal 22 fifteen - 22 fifteen - Sunflower oil - 2,5 1.9 - 2,5 1.9 Probiotic Biostim - - - + + + Total one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred Nutrition in 100 g of feed x x x x x x Exchange energy, kcal 288 307 273 288 307 273 Crude protein,% 22.2 18.2 17.1 22.2 18.2 17.1 Crude fiber,% 3.9 4.7 5.99 3.9 4.7 5.99 Calcium% 1.12 0.69 0.7 1.12 0.69 0.7 Phosphorus,% 0.71 0.59 0.6 0.71 0.59 0.6 Sodium,% 0.22 0.22 0.1 0.22 0.22 0.1 Lysine,% 1.24 0.74 0.58 1.24 0.74 0.58 Methionine,% 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 Methionine + cystine,% 0.13 0.55 0.5 0.13 0.55 0.5 Threonine 0.75 0.48 0.93 0.75 0.48 0.93 Linoleic acid 1.21 2,52 1.73 1.21 2,52 1.73 EPO 130 169 166 130 169 166

table 2 Composition and nutritional value of laying hens Components 1 control group 2 experimental group Age days Age days 91-140 141-340 340-460 91-140 141-340 340-460 Corn 46.8 45 thirty 46.8 45 thirty Wheat fifteen fifteen - fifteen fifteen - Barley - - 29th - - 29th Wheat bran 17 fifteen fifteen 17 fifteen fifteen Fish flour 4.8 four four 4.8 four four Monocalcium - Phosphate - 0.2 0.3 - 0.2 0.3 a piece of chalk 2 4.3 4.1 2 4.3 4.1 Shell - 4,5 4.4 - 4,5 4.4 Sunflower cake 14.0 12 13 14.0 12 13 Sunflower oil 0.4 - 0.2 0.4 - 0.2 Probiotic Biostim - - - + + + Total one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred one hundred Nutrition in 100 g of feed x x x x x x Exchange energy, kcal 275 266 245 275 266 245 Crude protein,% 17 16.5 16,0 17 16.5 16,0 Crude fiber,% 5.5 5,0 4.8 5.5 5,0 4.8 Calcium% 1.7 3.6 3.4 1.7 3.6 3.4 Phosphorus,% 0.51 0.58 0.6 0.51 0.58 0.6 Sodium,% 0.12 0.1 0.11 0.12 0.1 0.11 Lysine,% 0.78 0.85 0.66 0.78 0.85 0.66 Methionine,% 0.31 0.31 0.3 0.31 0.31 0.3 Methionine + cystine,% 0.6 0.65 0.55 0.6 0.65 0.55 Threonine 0.93 0.5 0.55 0.93 0.5 0.55 Linoleic acid 1.73 1,0 1,2 1.73 1,0 1,2 EPO 162 161 153 166 161 153

The drug is used with food once a day.

From a day old, a probiotic was started to be injected into the diet of 0.3 ml per 10 heads, followed by a dose increase to 70 days of age, so that the bird's body gradually got used to the drug and thereby was not stressed.

The experiment was carried out at the poultry farm of JSC PSP "Yeyskoye" Yeysk district of the Krasnodar Territory under industrial conditions. Two groups of day-old chickens of the Ptichnoe cross were formed (Moscow) by the method of analog groups. The bird of the control group received the main diet. The birds of the experimental group received in addition to the main diet 0.3-1.5 ml per 10 goals of the probiotic Biostim (tables 1, 2).

During the period of scientific and economic experiments, the main zootechnical indicators were studied, such as the dynamics of changes in live weight of chickens at different age periods, average daily gains in live weight, feed costs per unit of production, the safety of livestock, and are presented in table 3

Table 3 Zootechnical indicators of chickens Age days Group 1 control 2 experienced Live weight, M ± m one 36.1 ± 0.07 36.2 ± 0.07 90 1118.6 ± 8.35 1151.0 ± 8.00 ** 150 1795.9 ± 15.93 1855.0 ± 10.0 *** Daily average g 1-90 12.0 12,4 91-150 11.3 11.73 The cost of feed per 1 kg of increase in live weight, kg 1-91 3.66 3,54 91-150 7.70 7.37 The safety of livestock,% 1-90 98.0 100.0 91-150 100.0 100.0 ** - P <0.01; *** - P <0.001

In all periods of cultivation, the second group was in the lead, the bird of which received the probiotic Biostim in addition to the diet. At the age of 91 days, when the young animals are transferred to the laying workshop, the live weight of chickens exceeded the standard of the Ptichnoe cross (1100 g) in the control group by 1.7%, in the experimental group by 4.6%. Here, the birds of the second group were also superior to the control group by 2.9%. A live weight of a bird of 150 days should not deviate significantly from the standard indicator, since too thin a chicken starts laying eggs faster, but its peak will not be long. For the “Poultry” cross, the standard of live weight of a bird at 150 days was 1750. The hens of both experimental groups slightly exceeded the standard indicator: in the control group by 2.6%, in the experimental group by 6.0%. The hens of the second group exceeded the control weight by 3.3% in live weight.

The absolute growth rate over the period of young growth of 1-90 days was higher in the second group compared with the control by 3.3%. During the growing period of 91-150 days, the average daily growth of chickens of the second experimental group exceeded the control by 3.8%, which indicates the positive effect of the feed additive Biostim on the growth of repair young birds of egg crosses.

For the growing period of 1-90 days, feed consumption per 1 kg of growth was 3.3% lower in the experimental group, the chickens of which received the probiotic Biostim, in the period 91-150 days - by 4.3%.

The mortality of birds was observed only in the control group at the age of 1-90 days. The safety of young animals in the first group was 98%, and in the experimental group - 100%.

The productivity of laying hens is presented in table 4.

Table 4 Productivity of laying hens when feeding probiotic Biostim Indicators Group 1 control 2 experienced The safety of laying hens,% 88.6 96.1 Egg laying on medium 260 288 layer, pcs. Feed costs per 10 eggs, kg 1,54 1.33

The egg production per average laying hen for the entire content period was higher in the second group by 10.8% compared with the control group (Table 4). The safety of birds for the entire period was better in laying hens of the second experimental group by 7.5%. During pathological and anatomical autopsy of the case in the control group, we found: violation of the gastrointestinal tract, fatty liver, cloacites, while in the experimental group there were only injuries that killed the bird.

Over the entire period of laying hens, the cost of feed was 10 pcs. Eggs lower in the experimental group, in which the bird received the probiotic Biostim, by 13.6%.

Thus, the proposed supplement for feeding poultry of egg crosses allows to increase the safety of the livestock, growth in live weight of young animals, digestibility of nutrients of the feed, balance of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus in the body of repair young animals, egg laying of laying hens, and reduce feed costs per unit of production. In addition, with the help of the probiotic Biostim, the prevention of dysbiosis and diarrhea of various etiologies, including postantibiotic, infectious diseases and neoplasms, is carried out.

Claims (1)

A method of feeding laying hens, which includes introducing egg crosses into chickens from day old from day old with further transfer to a herd of industrial laying hens until the laying of a probiotic consisting of a mixture of microbial mass, wt.%: Lactobacillus acidophilus B 2991 twenty Lactobacillus plantarum B 3242 twenty Lactobacillus delbruckii B 7640 5 Bifidobacterium bifidum 791 10 Azotobacter chroococcum B 3162 10 Azotobacter vinelandi in 2587 10 Saccharomyces cerevisiae y 365 10 Bacillus subtilis B 4828 10 Bacillus subtilis B 5225 5 in doses of 0.3-1.5 ml per 10 goals, depending on the age period: Age days Dose, ml / 10 goals To 10 0.3 10-20 0.5 20-30 0.7 30-40 0.8 40-50 1,0 50-60 1,1 60-70 1,5 Laying hens 1,5