RU2338881C2 - Method of mine working - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method of mine working can be implemented at developing of mildly sloping or inclined shallow and medium coal beds. The said method includes development of mining level by means of transport and ventilation driving with unloading platforms on both sides of a drift. Perpendicularly to the drift there are made stables which are transformed into unloading platforms by means of boring of unloading boreholes advancing the drift; the said unloading boreholes are separated between themselves with virgin coal. Further entry driving is carried out up to the end of unloading boreholes in massif, free from the influence of underground pressure with unloading platforms. At that rock from drift top breaking is piled into the unloading boreholes, after what an operation cycle is repeated.

EFFECT: reduction of coal losses in massifs, reduced dilution of coal with rocks caused by driving and repair of drifts, acceleration of preparing and completion of mining level, additional production out of boreholes, and providing repeated and excluding repair usage of development excavations.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the development of flat and inclined coal seams of small and medium power.

There is a known variant of a development system with rock left in the mine, in which the rocks from the workings are left in the chambers near the transport drift (see, for example, N.I. Melnikov "Carrying out and securing mine workings." M., Nedra, 1979, p. 259, Fig. 107). With this option, the driving drift is first drilled through the coal seam in a wide stroke, when the width of this chamber should be greater than the width of the future transport drift so that the entire rock from the drift could be placed in the spreader. Most often used storage of rocks in the chamfer below the drift. The disadvantage of this option is that when driving, it is necessary to expose and fix a fairly large space, and also because of the shrinkage of the rock in the chisels, the work of the transport drift is complicated, which reduces the productivity of the lava (the need to repair and rebuild the drift, etc.) .P.).

There is also a method of protecting the main formation drifts during the development of shallow thin coal seams (see, for example, AS USSR No. 947425, 1982), adopted as a prototype, in which, in order to increase the efficiency of maintaining drifts and reduce coal losses along the main drift during rebellion and fall, clearing is carried out, leaving coal pillars between the main drift and clearing, from which stress is relieved by the formation of a continuous discharge gap. The disadvantage of this option is that the need for grooves and the creation of discharge slots during drifts significantly reduces the speed of penetration.

The invention is aimed at reducing coal losses in pillars, reducing the dilution of coal by rock from sinking and repairing drifts, accelerating the preparation and development of a mining field due to the creation of unloaded zones, obtaining additional production from wells, ensuring maintenance-free and reuse of preparatory workings due to the fact that in a method for conducting mining, including the preparation of a excavation field by driving transport and ventilation drifts with unloading cavities formed on both sides drift, perpendicular to the drift, niches are made from which discharge cavities are formed by drilling discharge drills leading ahead of the drift, separated by coal pillars, after which drift to the end of the discharge wells is carried out in the geomass, unloaded from the pressure of the mountain by discharge cavities, while the rock is blasted the roof of the drift is placed in the unloading wells, after which the cycle of operations is repeated.

The invention is presented in the drawing.

The drawing shows a horizontal projection of the method of mining.

The method is as follows.

After carrying out a complex of panel or floor workings, the excavation field is prepared by driving a transport and ventilation drift 1 of small length, then niches 2 are perpendicular to it from both sides, of which leading discharge wells 3 are drilled, separated by coal pillars 4, the wells are drilled using screw machines 5, after which, in a geomass unloaded from the influence of rock pressure on both sides of the face with cavities of about 100 m in length, a further deepening is carried out ka, up to a length of 95 m (to the end of unloading wells), the rock from the blasting is placed in the wells using screw equipment. After that, the cycle of operations is repeated. Thanks to this method of mining, coal losses in pillars are reduced, rock dilution of coal from drifting and repair of drifts is reduced, the preparation and development of a mining field is accelerated, while the mine receives additional production by drilling coal from wells, and repair and reuse of preparatory workings.

Claims (1)

A method of mining, including preparing a excavation field by driving a transport and ventilation drift with unloading cavities formed on both sides of the drift, characterized in that niches are formed perpendicularly to the drift, from which they form unloading cavities by drilling discharge holes ahead of the drift, separated by coal pillars then, in a geomass unloaded from the influence of rock pressure by unloading cavities, a further passage is carried out to the end of unloading wells the gangway of the drift, while the rock from the demolition of the roof of the drift is placed in unloading wells, after which the cycle of operations is repeated.