RU2338347C1 - Device for restoring water-retaining bunds in irrigation systems operation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a frame and two coulters with mouldboards set at the angle α=45...48° to the device longitudinal axis. The height of the mouldboards cylindrical surfaces accounts for 370-400 mm in the front, 60-70 mm at the back. The mouldboards are truncated along the lower edge at the angle β=13...15° relative to the horizontal plane. The coulters are fixed at the cutting angle γ= 11...13° to the soil surface. The coulter length is considered with the relation:

where l_c - coulter length, m; b_b - width of the broken bund base, m; B - planned width of the bund base, m; α - angle between the longitudinal axis of the device and longitudinal axis of the mouldboard. The mouldboard length is considered with the relation:

where L - mouldboard length, m; B - planned width of the bund base, m; h_b - height of the broken bund, m; α - angle between the longitudinal axis of the device and longitudinal axis of the mouldboard.

EFFECT: increasing labour efficiency and enhancing device functionality.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to machines for the operation of irrigation systems, mainly for the restoration of water-holding rollers, destroyed as a result of agrotechnical treatments of the irrigation area during surface irrigation of crops in wide and long strips on soils of loamy and sandy loam texture.

One of the requirements for high-quality irrigation of crops in wide and long strips, according to the technical conditions, is the formation of a water-holding roller 25 ... 30 cm high along the perimeter of the irrigation section, with slopes of at least 1: 5, providing unhindered access for agricultural machines.

A device for the formation of rollers is known, containing two openers [(1) I.A. Chuprin and other Handbook of hydraulic engineering. M .: Kolos, 1967].

A device grader trailed and self-propelled.

Known tool for the formation of earthen rollers, including two symmetrically mounted on the frame and working in the dump hinges, made in the form of two elongated scrapers arranged at an angle to one another [(2) Copyright certificate No. 90872, class. A01b 13/00, 1930].

A device for the formation of sand shafts, including a support roller frame with a mechanism for regulating the height of the cut soil layer, two plowshares with dumps located at an angle to one another, a former and a roller profile fixer located behind it [(3) USSR Author's Certificate No. 967289, class . A01B 13/16].

A device is known for snowfall-sealant snow shafts [(4) Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 1127532, АВВ 13/16].

A device for the construction of irrigation systems, including a frame, two blades with shares, located at an angle of 45 ... 48 ° to its longitudinal axis [(5) Patent RU 2195795 C2 (А01В 13/16, 13/02, ЕОВВ 13/00 ].

However, the known devices are generally unsuitable for the restoration of water-holding rollers, destroyed as a result of agrotechnical treatments (plowing, cultivation, harvesting, etc.) carried out on the irrigation strip when cultivating crops, due to the high material and energy consumption.

In the proposed device containing the frame, on the racks of the working bodies two plowshares are fixed with dumps located symmetrically at an angle α = 45 ... 48 ° to the longitudinal axis of the device. Moreover, the dumps are made with cylindrical surfaces with a height at the beginning of 370 ... 400 mm, at the end of 60 ... 70 mm. To ensure copying the profile of the water-holding roller, the dumps are truncated along the lower edge at an angle β = 13 ... 15 ° to the horizontal plane. The shares are installed at the beginning of the dumps and fixed at a cutting angle γ = 11 ... 13 ° to the surface of the earth. The length of the plowshares and dumps is taken from the ratio:

 - for a ploughshare:

where l _l - the share length, m;

in _p - the width of the base of the destroyed roller, m;

In - design width of the base of the roller, m;

α is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the device and the longitudinal axis of the blade;

- for a dump:

where L is the length of the blade, m;

In - design width of the base of the roller, m;

N - design height of the roller, m;

h _p - the height of the destroyed roller, m;

α is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the device and the longitudinal axis of the blade.

Adjustment of the depth of the cut soil layer (destroyed roller) is provided due to the central link of the tractor linkage mechanism. The sealing of the water-holding roller to be restored is ensured by the cylindrical surface of the dumps, which form a support ski in the end part. Roller restorer with a working width of 3.5 ... 4.0 m restores a roller with a section of up to 0.45 m ² destroyed by agricultural processing (plowing, cultivation, etc.), cutting the soil to the design basis of the roller , collecting and lifting it with dumps to the upper part, forming a roller with a transverse profile according to the technical condition with a height of 25 ... 30 cm with slopes of at least 1: 5.

Figure 1 shows a structural diagram of the proposed device, front view; figure 2 is the same side view; figure 3 is a view of section AA; figure 4 is the same, a top view; figure 5 is a cross section of a water-holding roller for surface irrigation of crops in strips; figure 6 is a cross section of a water-retaining roller, destroyed as a result of agricultural work (plowing, cultivation, etc.).

The proposed device includes a frame 1 equipped with an automatic coupler 2. On the left and right racks of the working bodies 3, 4 symmetrically at an angle α = 45 ... 48 ° to the longitudinal axis of the device, cylindrical dumps 5, 6 are truncated, truncated along the lower edge at an angle β = 13 ... 15 °, and the share 7, 8 at the cutting angle γ = 11 ... 13 °. The dumps are located so that in their end part a support ski is formed 9. The racks of the working bodies are mounted on a beam 10, which is rigidly connected to the frame by means of mounting racks 11, 12. The dumps are rigidly interconnected by a brace 13, equipped with a connecting frame 14, on which It is possible to install additional cargo.

The device operates as follows.

Depending on the design size of the water-holding roller and the degree of its destruction as a result of agrotechnical treatments, dumps of the required size are used in the device. The device is mounted, it is aggregated with a tractor of a pulling class of 1.4 tons, for example, MTZ, T-40.

The hitch 2 is connected to the tractor hitch mechanism, which allows you to install the device in the working and transport position. Then, on hard ground, the tractor’s hydraulic system is turned on for installation in the working position and, using the central adjustment rod of the tractor’s linkage mechanism, the required roller height is set in accordance with the technological task. Further, after transporting the device to the place of formation of the roller, the tractor hydraulic system is transferred to the "floating position" and the tractor begins to move. Using plowshares 7 and 8, the device is buried to the required depth, to the design basis of the roller according to the technical conditions. The penetration depth of the device is limited by the supporting ski 9. In this case, the soil layer cut by the plowshares moves along the inner surfaces of the left and right dumps 5, 6 upwards with an elevation angle of 13 ... 15 ° to the center of the roller, at an angle of 45 ... 48 ° relative to the longitudinal axis tractor movements, restoring the design section of the roller in one pass. In this case, the cylindrical surface of the dumps provides automatic floating of the device when the volume of the moved soil is exceeded, which is necessary to restore the desired profile of the roller. If necessary, the volume moved by the dumps of the soil is compacted by installing additional cargo on the frame 14.

The proposed attachment allows you to increase labor productivity and reduce the cost of restoring water-holding rollers during operation of surface irrigation irrigation systems in wide and long strips, to expand the versatility of the device due to the possibility of using it in other works.

Claims (1)

A device for restoring water-holding rollers during the operation of irrigation systems, mainly when restoring a water-holding roller destroyed as a result of passages of agricultural machines during agrotechnical treatment of the irrigation strip, characterized in that it contains a frame, two shares with dumps located at an angle α = 45 ... 48 ° to the longitudinal axis of the device, while the dumps are made with cylindrical surfaces with a height at the beginning of 370 ... 400 mm, at the end of 60 ... 70 mm, and the dumps are truncated along the lower edge at an angle β = 13 ... 15 ° relative to the horizontal plane, and the plowshares are fixed at a cutting angle γ = 11 ... 13 ° to the surface of the earth, while the length of the plowshares and dumps is taken from the ratio for ploughshare

, where l _l - the share length, m; in _p - the width of the base of the destroyed roller, m; In - design width of the base of the roller, m; α is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the device and the longitudinal axis of the blade; for dump

, where L is the length of the blade, m; In - design width of the base of the roller, m; N - design height of the roller, m; h _p - the height of the destroyed roller, m; α is the angle between the longitudinal axis of the device and the longitudinal axis of the blade.

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