RU2336931C1 - Heat-and-mass exchanger for wet clearing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to wet clearing of process gases of harmful impurities. The wet clearing heat-and-mass exchanger incorporates a cylindrical housing with inlet and outlet branch pipes, fluid atomizer nozzles arranged inside the housing along its circumference and perforated plates fitted between the inlet branch pipe and fluid atomizer. The said plates represent the disk segment-like sections partially closing the housing cross section and are arranged staggered one above the other to form along with the housing walls a zigzag channel for working medium to pass through. The plate edge facing the said channel is furnished with a flanging with its top part provided with triangular cuts. The plate perforation represents taper holes with their apex facing the atomized fluid flow.

EFFECT: higher gas clearing degree due to intensified heat-and-mass exchange processes.

5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heat and mass transfer apparatuses that can be used for wet purification of process gases from harmful impurities and can find application in the energy, chemical, food, microbiological and other industries.

Known heat and mass transfer apparatus for wet cleaning of gases comprising a cylindrical body with nozzles for supplying and discharging a working agent, a device for spraying liquid and failure plates placed between a pipe for supplying a working agent and a device for spraying liquid in a housing (AS USSR No. 1836125, publ. 08/23/1993).

A disadvantage of the known device is the low degree of purification due to insufficient intensity of the heat and mass transfer process.

Closest to the claimed one is a heat and mass transfer apparatus for wet cleaning, including a cylindrical body with nozzles for supplying and discharging the working agent, located respectively in the lower and upper parts of the housing, a device for spraying liquid installed in the upper part of the housing, and perforated plates placed between the supply pipe working agent and a device for spraying liquid in the housing (US Pat. RF No. 2240173, publ. 20.11.2004).

The disadvantage of this device is also an unsatisfactory degree of purification due to insufficient degree of mixing and contact of the liquid and gaseous phases.

The objective of the invention is to increase the degree of purification due to the intensification of the heat and mass transfer process by increasing the interfacial contact surface of the liquid-gas and creating due to the evaporation effect of the centers of moisture condensation from the stream.

The problem is solved in a heat and mass transfer apparatus for gas purification — a scrubber, including a cylindrical body with nozzles for supplying and discharging the working agent, located respectively in the lower and upper parts of the housing, a device for spraying liquid installed in the upper part of the housing, and perforated plates placed between the nozzle the supply of the working agent and the device for spraying liquid in the housing, so that the plates are made in the form of partially overlapping section of the housing of the segmental sections of the disk and wives on top of each other in a checkerboard pattern with the formation of a zigzag channel with the walls of the case and between each other for the passage of the working agent, while the edge of the disk facing the channel is equipped with a flange, the upper part of which contains triangular slots, and the perforations are made in the form of conical holes with a vertex directed towards the stream of sprayed liquid.

The area of each segmental section of the disk is 0.7-0.9 of the area of the passage section of the housing.

The input diameter of the holes for the sprayed liquid in each disk decreases in the direction of flow of the working agent.

The device for spraying liquid is made in the form of nozzles installed in the housing around the circumference.

The nozzle for supplying the working agent is installed at an acute angle to the axis of the housing.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the described heat and mass transfer apparatus (longitudinal section).

In Fig.2 - view A in Fig.1.

Figure 3 is a view In figure 1.

Figure 4 is a view of the flanging with slots.

Figure 5 shows the conical holes of the disks.

The inventive heat and mass transfer apparatus includes a cylindrical body 1 with nozzles for supplying 2 and outlet 3 of the working agent, located respectively in the lower and upper parts of the housing 1, a device for spraying liquid 4, installed in the upper part of the housing, and perforated plates 5, located between the nozzle for supplying 2 of the working agent and a device for spraying liquid 4 in the housing 1. The plates 5 are made in the form of segmental disk sections partially overlapping the section of the housing 1 and are arranged one above the other in a checkerboard pattern with the image By flashing with the walls of the housing 1 and between each other, a zigzag channel 6 for passage of the working agent, the edge of the disk facing the channel 6 is equipped with a flange 7, the upper part of which contains triangular slots 8, and the perforations are made in the form of conical holes 9 with the apex directed towards the flow of sprayed liquid.

Heat and mass transfer apparatus operates as follows.

Irrigating liquid is supplied through the device for spraying liquid 4 into the housing 1, enters the perforated plates 5, evenly distributed over their surface, and enters the conical holes 9 and further in the form of jets on the plates located below. In conical holes, stability of the jets is violated with the further formation of fine droplets with a developed contact surface. The cleaned working agent, which is a gas containing harmful impurities, through the pipe 2 enters the lower part of the housing and moves along the zigzag channel 6 between the plates, thereby increasing the length of the interaction path of the two-phase gas-liquid system. At the same time, fine particulate matter of a dusty working agent is captured and a number of gaseous and microbiological compounds are absorbed. Passing through a zigzag channel irrigated with cold water, the moisture-saturated working agent is cooled to a temperature below the dew point, which leads to the creation of new condensation centers at which the absorption of harmful impurities is enhanced.

Cone openings in the plates create instability of the droplet when passing through the hole and this leads to finer dispersion of the liquid.

Placing the plates in the form of segmental disk sections partially overlapping the cross section of the casing and staggering them one above the other with the formation of a zigzag channel for the passage of the working agent with the walls of the casing and with each other allows increasing the length of the channel and, consequently, the contact time of the liquid and the working agent, which the queue improves the quality of cleaning.

Flanging allows you to not reduce the quality of the liquid spray with an increase in its flow rate, and performing triangular slots on the top of the flanging allows you to get an organized fluid flow in the case of overflow through flanging.

The area of each segmental section of the disk, it is advisable to perform the size of 0.7-0.9 from the area of the passage section of the housing to ensure a high degree of mixing of the flow with constant hydraulic resistance.

To clean the input flow of the working agent from mechanical impurities, the supply pipe is installed at an acute angle to the axis of the housing, which allows large particles to settle on the bottom of the housing.

Thus, in the described heat and mass transfer apparatus, the degree of purification is increased due to the intensification of heat and mass transfer processes by increasing the degree of dispersion, increasing the interphase liquid-gas contact surface and creating, by providing the evaporative effect of the centers of moisture condensation from the stream.

Claims (5)

1. Heat and mass transfer apparatus for wet cleaning, including a cylindrical body with nozzles for supplying and discharging the working agent, located respectively in the lower and upper parts of the housing, a device for spraying liquid installed in the upper part of the housing, and perforated plates placed between the supply pipe of the working agent and a device for spraying liquid in the housing, characterized in that the plates are made in the form of segmental sections of the disk partially overlapping the section of the housing and are located one above the other in a checker atomic order with the formation of a zigzag channel with the walls of the housing and between each other for the passage of the working agent, while the edge of the disk facing the channel is equipped with a flange, the upper part of which contains triangular slots, and the perforations are made in the form of conical holes with an apex directed towards the sprayed stream liquids. 2. Heat and mass transfer apparatus for wet cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that the area of each segmental portion of the disk is 0.7-0.9 of the passage area of the housing. 3. Heat and mass transfer apparatus for wet cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that the input diameter of the holes for the sprayed liquid in each disk decreases in the direction of flow of the working agent. 4. Heat and mass transfer apparatus for wet cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for spraying liquid is made in the form of nozzles installed in the housing around the circumference. 5. Heat and mass transfer apparatus for wet cleaning according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle for supplying the working agent is installed at an acute angle to the axis of the housing.

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