RU2329296C1 - Grease lubricant for pressure shaping metals and alloys - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: lubricant can be used in rolling, wiredrawing, cutting metals and other industries, using lubricant-coolant materials. The lubricant consists of the following components in the given percentage mass ratios: polyacrylamide 0.1-1, polyethylene oxide 1-10, monoethanol amine 1-10, liquid glass 5-15, and water constitutes the remaining percentage.

EFFECT: better lubricant properties, increased cleanness of the processed surface and resistance to corrosion.

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Description

The invention relates to technological lubricants for plastic processing of ferrous and non-ferrous metals and can be used in rolling, drawing, metal cutting and other industries that use cutting lubricants.

Known lubricant for cold plastic processing (application Japan No. 2-62160, pr. 25.12.95, C10M 173/02), containing as the main components 15-35% of a solid lubricant such as molybdenum disulfide and / or graphite, 1-5% soluble in water, resins such as hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, and the rest are water.

The presence in the composition of solid crystalline additives (graphite and / or molybdenum disulfide) determines the lubricating effect of the known lubricant, which is characterized by weak bonds between the layers of the crystal lattice and layers strong in the plane. The lubricant has a limited scope.

Known lubricant-cooling technological tool for metal cutting (patent RF №1572016 from 07/11/08), which along with mineral oils, oleic acid and other components contains natural bischofite in the amount of 6-10% of the total mass.

To increase the lubricating effect, an inorganic thickener, natural bischofite, was introduced into the composition, and oleic acid as a surfactant.

A common disadvantage of known lubricating compositions is the presence in their composition of oils or emulsions, the complexity of their preparation and high cost. When using such compositions, the burning out of oils or oil emulsions occurs, which adversely affects the working conditions in production rooms, the surface and the thickness of the product (sheet or pipe), therefore, electrochemical cleaning or electro polishing is additionally used. Such compositions are flammable. In addition to these shortcomings, industrial effluents after the use of such compositions significantly pollute the environment, require capital costs for disposal.

Known technological lubricant (RF patent No. 2190009 from 06/14/2001), which is a product of hydrolysis of peat. The product of the mechanochemical hydrolysis of peat is a complex mixture of organic and mineral compounds.

A disadvantage of the known product is its low detergent and anticorrosion properties, as well as a low friction coefficient.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the lubricating effect of the proposed technological lubricant, its washing properties and anti-corrosion effect.

To achieve the specified technical result, a known technological lubricant for plastic processing of metals and alloys based on an organic and mineral component and water, according to the invention, contains polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, monoethanolamine as an organic component, and liquid glass as a mineral component, in the following ratio of components , wt.%:

Polyacrylamide 0.1-1 Polyethylene oxide 1-10 Monoethanolamine 1-10 Liquid glass 5-15 Water rest

The boundary values of the declared ingredients are established experimentally.

The increase in the content of these components above the stated limits is technologically impractical, since it does not improve the properties of the lubricant, but is economically disadvantageous.

The content of these components below the declared values does not provide high lubricating and antifriction properties of the lubricant.

Polyacrylamide and polyethylene oxide provide the lubricity of the proposed lubricant, that is, they have the highest hydrodynamic efficiency and high static and dynamic flexibility.

Polyacrylamide is a salt of monocarboxylic acid. The ability of these compounds is not limited to the creation of one alkyd bond, since at the ends of the formed molecule there are two reactive groups - amine and carboxyl. Therefore, the growth of the molecule continues due to the reaction with other molecules. As a result, very long chains of hydrocarbon molecules are formed. These properties provide high lubricating properties.

Polyethylene oxide is used as a non-inogenic detergent with the ability to reduce and stabilize foaming. In addition, detergents of this type more effectively remove grease and other contaminants. The hydrophilic nature of the group is —O — CH ₂ —CH ₂ —OH, which binds water molecules using hydrogen bonds.

Monoethanolamine has the properties of a corrosion inhibitor - the alkyl derivative of ammonia mixes unlimitedly with water.

Liquid glass provides high cleaning and thermal protection properties of the proposed lubricant.

A lubricant is prepared, for example, as follows.

The exact choice of the solution concentration is made taking into account the individual characteristics of the processed material and equipment used, based on the criteria of economy, environmental friendliness, manufacturability and profitability.

Take the required amount of polyacrylamide and knead it in water until completely dissolved, then add polyethylene oxide, monoethanolamine and water glass, mixing until completely homogeneous (homogeneous). The finished lubricant is a gel-like solution of white color.

The antifriction properties of the lubricant were determined by the moment and coefficient of friction, as well as by the seizure load on the SMT-1 friction machine.

Scheme: Shaft Sleeve.

The proposed lubricant was compared with the currently used cutting fluids such as: EGT, Lubro, Carbon, humate-containing lubricant and the proposed one.

The friction coefficients are shown in table 1.

The contamination of the surface of the rolling tape was done using the “relic” method.

Table 2 shows a comparative analysis of the relic reflectance.

Table 2 Type of process grease Reflectance "Relic" by redistribution% Rolling Annealing Humate 39-50 50-73 Proposed 47-67 68-85

Tests for corrosivity to ferrous metals are presented in table 3.

Table 3 Grease brand Conc. % Holding time / h four 24 48 Humate 5 Low corrosion Corrosion Corrosion Proposed 5 No corrosion No corrosion No corrosion

The resulting process grease is non-toxic, is easily washed off with water and is environmentally friendly, since it does not contain oils that form harmful industrial effluents. The lubricant is stable in composition, and antifriction properties are 1.8 times higher than known. When using the proposed lubricant, the surface cleanliness is 15-20% higher and the corrosion resistance is higher than in the prototype.

Claims (1)

Technological lubricant for plastic processing of metals and alloys based on an organic and mineral component and water, characterized in that it contains polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, monoethanolamine as an organic component, and liquid glass as a mineral component in the following ratio, wt.%: polyacrylamide 0.1-1 polyethylene oxide 1-10 monoethanolamine 1-10 liquid glass 5-15 water rest