RU2329016C1 - Erythrocyte defroster - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: defroster contains bath for heat-carrying agent (water), movable basket for blood product containers located in bath, lever actuator of basket agitation, temperature sensor connected to temperature regulator, water level sensor, key element with operating input connected to temperature regulator output, and heating element connected to power supply through key element to, contains n detachable punched cartridges for placing containers inside basket. Basket is provided with rails for cartridges setting, inlet and gather collectors with n+1 apertures for heat-carrier flow distribution through cartridges, circulating pump, water level sensor is connected to operating input of key element. Basket agitation actuator is designed as reduction motor.

EFFECT: invention provides more rapid erythrocyte defrosting.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment and can be used at blood transfusion stations, in blood transfusion departments, in surgical and resuscitation departments of hospitals and clinics, as well as in medical research institutions.

Known devices for thawing cryopreserved products — blood (see Water baths of types P-01262-17 and P12-201-10. Valtex International Corporation catalog, 1999-2000, p. 67, 70).

The disadvantages of these devices are the long thawing time and low quality of thawing of cryopreserved products - blood (see Selivanov EA and others. The influence of methods of freezing and thawing blood plasma on the activity of procoagulants and antithrombin III. Materials of the scientific-practical conference "Production transfusion at the turn XXI Century ”, Moscow, November 16-18, 1999).

The closest analogue is a device for thawing cryopreserved blood products (see utility model U1 20243, class A61K 35/14, 10.27.2001). The device for defrosting blood products contains a bath for the coolant with a movable basket, a drive for shaking the basket with levers, containers with a cryopreserved blood product, temperature and water level sensors located in the bath, a temperature regulator associated with the heating element, a locking system associated with the sensor water level.

Thawing of cryopreserved blood products is carried out by heating water with heating elements and transferring heat through water to containers with defrosted products. To reduce the defrosting time, shaking of the movable basket by means of an electromagnetic drive is used.

The disadvantages of this device are the inability to use for thawing blood products - red blood cells, the freezing and storage temperature of which is -140 ° C, an insufficient level of operating temperatures, as well as a long defrosting time and insufficient productivity of the device.

The technical result to which the invention is directed is to eliminate the above disadvantages and create a device that ensures the operation of the device in the temperature range up to -140 ° C, high defrosting speed with uniform temperature throughout the volume of the defrosted product and, thus, ensuring its viability.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for thawing blood products containing a bath for the coolant (water), a movable basket for placing containers with blood products located in the bath, a drive for shaking the basket with levers, a temperature sensor connected to the temperature controller, a sensor water level, the key element, the control input of which is connected to the output of the temperature controller, and the heating element connected through the key element to the power supply network contains n removable perforated cartridges for placing containers in a basket, in which there are guides for fixing the cartridges, a receiving and assembly manifold with n + 1 holes for distributing the flow of coolant between the cartridges, a circulation pump, a water level sensor is connected to the control input of the key element, and a drive for shaking the basket made in the form of a gear motor.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the perforated cassette for placing containers in the basket is a box in the form of a parallelepiped and contains a perforated base, a perforated lid, a handle fixed to the base or lid, and a lock, the lid and the lock being pivotally connected to the base, and the axes of the hinges of the lid and the lock are mutually perpendicular.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the device contains several receiving and prefabricated collectors located vertically in the bathroom for a more uniform distribution of the water flow between the cassettes.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the heating element is located between the feed manifold and the circulation pump.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the heating element is located in the lower part of the bath.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a device for thawing red blood cells.

Figure 2 shows a perforated cassette.

On the schematic diagram of a device for defrosting red blood cells are shown:

1. Bath;

2. Basket;

3. Rod with levers;

4. The container with red blood cells;

5. Temperature sensor;

6. Level sensor (water availability);

7. Temperature controller;

8. The key element;

9. Heating element;

10. Perforated cassette;

11. The giving collector;

12. A receiving collector;

13. The circulation pump;

14. Gear motor;

15. Perforated base;

16. Perforated lid;

17. The handle;

18. Constipation;

19. Hinge covers;

20. The hinge of constipation.

Due to the extremely low freezing and storage temperatures of erythrocytes -140 ° C, the erythrocyte mass in containers is placed in detachable perforated cassettes before defrosting. The use of detachable perforated cassettes during thawing of an erythrocyte mass frozen in liquid nitrogen allows avoiding the integrity of polymer containers, because at temperatures of the order of minus -140, -150 ° С, polymer containers become extremely fragile.

The perforated cassette 10 for placing containers in a basket is a box in the form of a parallelepiped and contains a perforated base 15, a perforated lid 16, a handle 17 fixed to the base or lid, and a latch 18, the lid and the latch being connected through the hinges 19, 20 to the base, and the axes of the hinges of the lid and the lock are mutually perpendicular.

Containers 4 with red blood cells (erythrocyte mass) are placed in a basket 2, which is placed in a bath 1 with a coolant. The defrosting device comprises supplying 11 and receiving 12 collectors for distributing the flow of coolant, which can be used as distilled water. The collectors made n + 1 holes, where n is the number of containers with red blood cells. The device comprises a circulation pump 13, providing circulation of the coolant (water). The drawing shows a device in which a heating element 9 is located between the supply manifold 11 and the circulation pump 13. The heating element may be located in the lower part of the bath. The device comprises a temperature sensor 5 connected to a temperature controller 7, and a level sensor (water availability) 6. The temperature controller 7 and the level sensor 6 are connected to the switching unit 8.

The drive for shaking the basket is made in the form of a gear motor 14.

The device may contain several receiving and prefabricated collectors located vertically in the bathroom to more evenly distribute the flow of water between the cassettes.

The operation of the device for thawing red blood cells is as follows.

Connect the device to the network. The coolant is poured into the bath 1 (distilled water can be used as the coolant). If there is a sufficient amount of water in the bath, a circulation pump 13 is turned on, which ensures the circulation of the coolant, and a temperature controller 8, which provides the temperature of the coolant necessary for defrosting.

After reaching the set temperature of the coolant, for example 39 ° C, remove containers 4 with red blood cells (polymer container) with frozen red blood cells from the storage device and lay them on the perforated base of the cassette 15. Close the hinged perforated cover 16 of the cassette and lock the cassette with a lock 18, articulated to a perforated base. The constipation is a bracket pivotally fixed to the base using the axis 20. The perpendicularity of the axes 19, 20 of the lid and the cassette closure ensures the convenience and reliability of its locking.

A perforated cartridge with a polymer container containing frozen red blood cells, using the handle 17 is installed in a basket equipped with guides (not shown) for fixing the cartridge in a predetermined position. Other containers with an erythrocyte mass are similarly prepared for thawing. Turn on the mode of shaking the basket.

The use of a circulation pump significantly accelerates the heat transfer process between the heating elements and the coolant and, accordingly, between the coolant and containers with defrosted red blood cells. Reducing the defrosting time, in turn, ensures the preservation of the quality of red blood cells and reduces the risk of pathogenic reactions in patients who receive this blood product.

In this case, the coolant penetrates through the holes in the collector 11 to distribute the water flow between the cassettes and through the holes in the perforated cassettes 10 and washes containers 4 with a defrosted red blood cell mass. The presence of a prefabricated collector 12 with corresponding holes ensures uniform distribution of the coolant throughout the volume of the bath. It was experimentally established that the best flushing results are obtained when several receiving and prefabricated collectors are installed to distribute the water flow between the cassettes located vertically in the bathtub.

If there is a heat carrier, which is used as water, a signal is sent from the level sensor 6 to the key element 8. In this case, the triac key is activated in the key element, which supplies power to the heating element 9. If there is no coolant in the bath, the triac key opens, excluding connecting the heating element to the mains. The key element can be implemented using a standard triac type ТС-132 (catalog "Chip and Dip" spring 2006, p. 476).

The signal from the temperature controller 7 is also supplied to the key element. The signal to turn on the heating element at the output of the temperature controller is generated depending on the signal from the temperature sensor 5 and the target coolant temperature. If the temperature of the coolant is lower than the set one, the signal on the inclusion of the heating element from the temperature controller is sent to the key element. If the coolant temperature is higher than the set value, the heating element switch-on signal does not come from the temperature controller.

Intensive and uniform washing of containers due to the circulation of water through a circulation pump, as well as the supply and intake manifolds, ensures uniformity of the defrosting temperature. Maintaining the set water in the bath is automatically carried out by the temperature controller according to the signal of the temperature sensor by turning the heating element on and off with the help of a key element.

As a temperature regulator, a TPM1A-Shch2.TS.SZ temperature regulating meter can be used by the company OVEN (product catalog 2005, p. 8). As a temperature sensor, a resistance thermoconverter DTS064-50M manufactured by OVEN can be used (product catalog 2005, p. 46).

After the defrosting time has elapsed, which depends on the number of simultaneously defrosted containers with red blood cell mass, the device is disconnected from the network, the perforated cartridges are removed from the basket, the cartridges are opened and polymer containers with thawed red blood cells are removed from them.

The invention allows to ensure a high rate of thawing of red blood cells with a uniform temperature throughout the volume and, thus, to ensure their viability and, as a result, the effectiveness of the use in the treatment process.

Claims (5)

1. A device for defrosting blood products, containing a bath for the coolant (water), a movable basket for placing containers with blood products, located in the bath, a drive for shaking the basket with levers, a temperature sensor connected to a temperature controller, a water level sensor, a key element the control input of which is connected to the output of the temperature controller, and a heating element connected via a key element to the mains, characterized in that it contains n removable perforated cassettes for containers in a basket, in which there are guides for fixing the cassettes, a receiving and an assembly manifold with n + 1 openings for distributing the flow of coolant between the cassettes, a circulation pump, a water level sensor is connected to the control input of the key element, and the drive for shaking the basket is made in the form gear motor. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforated cassette for placing containers in a basket is a box in the form of a parallelepiped and contains a perforated base, a perforated lid, a handle fixed to the base or lid, and a lock, the lid and the lock being pivotally connected with the base, and the axis of the hinges of the lid and the lock are mutually perpendicular. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains several receiving and prefabricated collectors for distributing the flow of water between the cassettes located in the bathroom vertically. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating element is located between the intake manifold and the circulation pump. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating element is located in the lower part of the bath.

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