RU2324460C2 - Device for active-passive immobilisation of fingers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: device consists of cuff and resilient component. The cuff is made of the soft material and has the fixators of one of the resilient component's ends inserted inside it. The resilient component has the shape of spiral. The loose end of the resilient component is supplied with a cradle with separate tabs, which are adjusted to the size of the nail bone.

EFFECT: more complete range of motions is achieved and continuity of working process is provided.

4 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to traumatology.

A device consisting of polyvic or gypsum is known, which is a removable tire that changes the position of the finger (flexion-extension). (Volkova AM "Hand Surgery". - Yekaterinburg: Middle Ural Book Publishing House, p.270-296).

The disadvantage of this device is the lack of continuity in development, inconvenience in operation.

A device is known consisting of implantable polymer structures for forming a tendon canal. (Rarog B.G., Sharolskaya L.N., Makeev S.D., Lisaychuk Yu.S. Implant for the formation of the tendon canal. "Biomechanics to protect human life and health". - Nizhny Novgorod, 1992. - p.214 )

The disadvantage of this device is the need for operations for its use, high cost, complexity in use.

It is known to use the Moristen stunt by joining a healthy and damaged finger with masking tape. (Dryuk N.N., Gayovich V.I., Strafun S.S. "Treatment and rehabilitation of patients with chronic damage to the tendons of the flexors of the fingers in the critical zone." Bulletin of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after N.N. Priorov, 1996, No. 2. - p.31-36).

The disadvantage of this method is the lack of reliable immobilization at rest, the frequent inability to use due to the presence of an operative wound directly in the area of application of adhesive tape and the fact that this technique does not provide no load on the damaged tendon.

Closest to the claimed device is an active-passive controlled immobilization of rubber traction, consisting of a plaster cuff on the wrist and a rubber traction attached to the nail phalanx of the finger by flashing it. (Amiel D., Kleiner J. B. Amer. J. sports Med. - 1986 - N14. - P.449-462).

The disadvantages of this device are trauma, inconvenience to use, non-physiological, since the device does not provide the full range of finger movements, the lack of reliable immobilization at rest.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of treatment of patients, ease of use, low cost, reusability, individual selection of sizes and spring resilience.

The technical result of the invention is achieved in that the cuff is made of plastic material with latches located inside one of the ends of the elastic element in the form of a spiral, the free end of which is equipped with a lodgement of separate petals, fixed by the size of the nail phalanx of the finger. The elastic element, which has the shape of a spiral, allows, when used, to most accurately reproduce the biomechanics of the movement of the finger of the hand during flexion, thereby eliminating the load on the damaged tendon, ensuring the full volume of its movement and eliminating the possibility of the development of cicatricial adhesions and contractures. The original method of mounting the device on the phalanx of the finger with the help of a lodgement eliminates the injury and pain in the patient. The device is made of available materials and is not difficult to manufacture, thereby achieving low cost.

The figure 1 shows a General view of the device, figure 2 is a view of the device on the left, figure 3 is a transverse section of the cuff 1, figure 4 is a lodgement 5.

The device consists of a cuff 1 made of plastic material, with a spiral spring 3 movably attached to it in the clips 2 (Fig. 3), fixedly fixed on the free end of the spring, using a socket 4 with an interference fit, a lodgement 5 made of plastic material, having the shape of the nail phalanx of the finger and consisting of petals 6 (Figure 4).

The device operates as follows: the cuff 1 is attached to the patient’s wrist, so that the coil spring 3 is located on the rear side of the hand, the lodgement 5 is attached to the nail phalanx of the damaged finger. With the active extension of the finger by the patient himself, the coil spring 3 undergoes elastic deformation, then the patient relaxes the finger, and the coil spring 3, returning to its original position, completely bends the finger. The force applied by a spiral spring to the finger is selected individually for each patient by selecting the length of the spring.

Example

Patient R., 46 years old, medical history No. 4195, profession: programmer. Diagnosis: Cut wounds of the second and third fingers of the right hand with damage to the flexor tendons of the second finger. Operation: Primary surgical treatment of wounds, intra-barrel modified suture of the tendon of the deep flexor of the second finger of the right hand. Immediately after the operation, the cuff of the device for active-passive immobilization of the fingers of the hand is modeled in size and mounted on the patient’s wrist. The elastic element is selected according to the length and strength of the patient’s finger experimentally (so that the patient can straighten the finger independently to the full volume), the free end of the elastic element is fixed to the nail phalanx of the damaged finger with the help of a lodgement. The device does not cause difficulties for dressings and care for the surgical wound due to the fact that it is located behind the rear of the hand, and not in the area of the surgical wound and practically does not come into contact with tissues. Atraumatic fastening of the elastic element to the nail phalanx of the damaged finger with the help of a lodgement creates convenience for the patient during development, reduces subjective feelings of fear, pain during movements in the damaged limb, which also improves the result of rehabilitation. The patient, throughout the treatment, constantly carried out active extension of the damaged finger and its passive flexion due to the elastic element repeatedly throughout the day. The treatment was combined with exercise therapy, massage, FTL, drug therapy, dressings. Number of days of temporary disability: 19 days, in contrast to traditional methods, when this period varies from a month or more. The result of treatment: full range of movements, return to work without changing the profession. The tire is removed at the end of treatment and can be reused for other patients.

The device allows you to most accurately reproduce the biomechanics of finger movement through the use of an elastic element in the form of a spiral. This achieves the most complete range of motion of the finger, the maximum movement of the tendon and the absence of load on it, since the flexion of the finger occurs due to the elastic deformation of the spring, with a relaxed flexor muscle. This device provides continuous development, reliable immobilization at rest, since the spring is a rigid element. All this leads to a maximum reduction in the formation of cicatricial adhesions, contractures, the earliest possible reduction in edema of the damaged limb due to early and intense mobility and improved microcirculation, and a reduction in pain.

Using the proposed device allows you to restore the function of flexion of the fingers, to return patients to work without changing the profession.

Claims (1)

Device for active-passive immobilization of the fingers of the hand, consisting of a cuff and an elastic element, characterized in that the cuff is made of plastic material with inside latches of one of the ends of the elastic element having a spiral shape, the free end of which is equipped with a lodgement of separate petals, fixed on the size of the nail phalanx of the finger.

Images