RU2323402C2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: heat exchanger comprises outer pipe and inner pipe, pipe banks, and heat exchanging members made of pipes and mounted in the ring passage between the inner side of outer pipe and outer side of the inner pipe and inside the inner pipe, front chamber, back chamber with a ring insert, and branch pipes for supplying and discharging heat-transfer agent. The inner pipe is provided with slots, and its bottom part is provided with baffles.

EFFECT: reduced sizes and simplified assembling and servicing.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of shell-and-tube heat exchanger designs and can be used in the manufacture of compact heat exchangers for various technical purposes: in the heat and power industry, in the oil refining, chemical and petrochemical industries, in refrigeration equipment, etc.

Known design shell-and-tube heat exchangers from sections connected by kalach. Each section consists of an outer pipe and heat exchange elements placed in it in the form of smooth or profiled straight tubes installed in tube sheets, a block of support partitions and pipes for supplying and discharging one of the heat-exchanging media (Water-to-water heaters of heat supply systems. GOST 27590-88. M .: Publishing house of standards, 1988. 21 p .; Heat-exchanging shell-and-tube steel devices. Types, main parameters and dimensions. GOST 9929-82. M: Publishing house of the USSR State Committee for Standards. 1982. 5 p.).

The disadvantages of these designs are the low flow rate of the coolants, especially in the annulus, and as a result, the low heat transfer coefficient between the coolants, large areas of the heat exchange surface and large dimensions. The latter increases the cost of installation and repair work and leads to an increase in the size of production facilities.

Known design shell-and-tube heat exchanger, in each of the sections of which the heat transfer surface is drawn from the elements of the "pipe in pipe". In each such element there is one heat transfer fluid inside the pipe and the other in the annulus (Bazhan P.I., Kanevets G.E., Seliverstov V.M. Handbook of heat exchangers. M .: Mechanical Engineering, 1989. P. 46-47 )

The disadvantages of this design are large dimensions due to a significant increase in the cross-sectional area of the heat exchanger, in which it is necessary to place the system of elements "pipe in pipe".

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the declared are shell-and-tube heat exchangers of the “pipe in pipe” type. The section of such a heat exchanger consists of an outer pipe, inside of which there is a heat exchange element in the form of a coaxially located inner pipe installed in the tube sheets. The first coolant moves in the annular channel formed by the inner surface of the outer pipe and the outer surface of the inner pipe, and the second coolant moves inside the inner pipe (Bazhan P.I., Kanevets G.E., Seliverstov V.M. Handbook of heat exchangers. M. : Engineering, 1989. S. 55-58). The first coolant is supplied and removed from the section through nozzles with flanges welded into the outer pipe. The second coolant is supplied and discharged through pockets connected to the pipe grids of the sections.

The disadvantages of this design of shell-and-tube heat exchangers are the low heat transfer coefficient between the coolants, a large number of sections in the heat exchanger, large dimensions, large dimensions of the production area.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to reduce the dimensions of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, reducing the cost of their installation and maintenance, saving production space.

The technical result according to the first embodiment is achieved by the fact that in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the section of which consists of an outer pipe and an inner pipe, tube sheets, in contrast to the prototype, there are slots in the inner pipe and partitions are installed in its lower part, the heat exchange elements - tubes are in an annular channel between the inner surface of the outer pipe and the outer surface of the inner pipe and inside the inner pipe, and there is a front chamber and a rear chamber with an annular insert, nozzles for cottages and discharging coolant, the outer and inner pipe sections, as well as the rear chamber outer pipe and an annular insert disposed coaxially therein.

The technical result according to the second embodiment is achieved by the fact that in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the section of which consists of an outer pipe and an inner pipe, tube sheets, unlike the prototype, there are slots in the inner pipe and partitions are installed in its lower part, the heat exchange elements - tubes are in an annular channel between the inner surface of the outer pipe and the outer surface of the inner pipe and inside the inner pipe, and there is a front chamber and a rear chamber with an annular insert, nozzles for cottages and discharging coolant, the outer and inner pipe sections, as well as the rear chamber outer pipe and an annular insert disposed therein misalignment.

The essence of the design of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 and figure 2 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger section (first and second options). The section of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in figure 1 and figure 2 contains an outer pipe 1 and an inner pipe 2 with slots 3 in its upper and middle parts around the perimeter, partitions 4 outside the pipe 2 in its lower part, heat exchange elements 5 in the annular channel between the pipes 1 and 2 and heat exchange elements 6 inside the pipe 2, installed in the tube sheets 7. To the section are attached a front chamber 8 and a rear chamber with an outer pipe 9 and with an annular insert in the form of a pipe 10. The section is equipped with nozzles 11, 12, 13 for the first heat carrier, and the rear camera is equipped with a stalemate ubkami 14, 15 and 16 for the second coolant.

The design of the shell-and-tube heat exchangers in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 differ from each other only in that in FIG. 1, the inner tube 2 of the section and the insert 10 of the rear chamber are aligned with the outer tube 1 of the section and the outer tube 9 of the rear chamber, respectively. And in FIG. 2, the inner tube 2 of the section and the insert 10 of the rear chamber are arranged misaligned to the outer tube 1 of the section and the outer tube 9 of the rear chamber, respectively.

The proposed shell-and-tube heat exchanger operates as follows.

The first heat carrier is supplied through a pipe 11 welded into the outer pipe 1 with a flange into the annular channel between the inner surface of the outer pipe 1 and the outer surface of the inner pipe 2 and, when moving from left to right, washes heat exchangers 5 located inside the annular channel and installed in the tube sheets 7.

Then, through the slots 3, the first coolant enters the inner pipe 2 and, when moving from right to left, bathes the heat exchange elements 6 inside the inner pipe 2 and installed in the tube sheets 7. The partitions 4 in the lower part of the pipe 2 prevent the first coolant from passing through the slots 3, bypassing the heat exchange elements 5. The first coolant exits through the pipe 13, welded into the outer pipe 1 and into the inner pipe 2, into the pipe 12, welded to the outer surface of the outer pipe 1.

The second heat carrier is supplied through a pipe 14 with a flange, welded into the outer pipe 9 of the rear chamber, into the annular channel between the outer pipe 9 of the rear chamber and the ring insert 10 located therein and moves from right to left inside the heat exchange elements 5 located in the annular channel between the pipes 1 and 2. From these heat exchange elements, the second heat carrier flows into the front chamber 8 and, moving from left to right inside the heat exchange elements 6 located inside the inner tube 2, is discharged inside the annular insert 10 of the rear chamber and from it through the pipe 15, welded into the pipe 9 and into the annular insert 10 of the rear chamber, into the pipe 16, welded to the outer surface of the outer pipe 9 of the rear chamber.

Then, the first and second heat carriers from the first shell-and-tube heat exchanger, if necessary, are supplied to the second heat exchanger connected to it, etc.

In each section, a significant speed of movement of heat-exchanging media is achieved, which ensures a large value of the heat transfer coefficient between them. In addition, due to the lack of streamers, the present invention provides a reduction in the dimensions of shell-and-tube heat exchangers and the cost of their installation and maintenance, as well as saving production space.

Claims (2)

1. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the section of which consists of an outer pipe and an inner pipe, tube sheets, characterized in that there are slots in the inner pipe and partitions are installed in its lower part from the outside, heat exchange elements - tubes are located in the annular channel between the inner surface of the outer pipe and the outer surface of the inner pipe and inside the inner pipe, and there is a front chamber and a rear chamber with an annular insert, nozzles for supplying and discharging coolants, while the outer and inner pipes The sections, as well as the outer tube of the rear chamber and the annular insert into it, are aligned. 2. A shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the section of which consists of an outer pipe and an inner pipe, tube sheets, characterized in that there are slots in the inner pipe and partitions are installed in its lower part, heat exchange elements - tubes are located in the annular channel between the inner surface of the outer pipe and the outer surface of the inner pipe and inside the inner pipe, and there is a front chamber and a rear chamber with an annular insert, nozzles for supplying and discharging coolants, while the outer and inner pipes The sections, as well as the outer tube of the rear chamber and the annular insert into it, are not aligned.

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