RU2320814C2 - Method and device for draining manifold laying in water-saturated ground - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: reclamation system construction, particularly to create collection-drain systems in water-saturated ground.

SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing path in ground strip; digging-out trench; delivering and laying drain pipeline pipes in trench; filling the trench with volumetric filtering material and backfilling the trench with mineral soil. Volumetric filtering material is automatically screen-sized during filtering material supply before pipe filling directly inside pipelayer bunker so that material particle dimensions increase from trench bottom towards back-filler layer. Drain pipeline pipe is located in center of trench so that drain pipeline pipe orifices face upwards relatively trench bottom. Device for said method realization comprises earth-shifting working tool of drainage machine, pipelayer bunker with screen system and guiding gravity conveyer pipe. Screen system is connected to the guiding gravity conveyer pipe inside pipelayer bunker so that the screens are inclined through 45° to horizon line. The screen concavities face rear wall. Screen system is fastened to front wall of pipelayer bunker and gravity conveyer pipe.

EFFECT: increased quality of drain pipeline laying and operational efficiency thereof.

3 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to reclamation construction in the agricultural industry and can be used for the construction of collector-drainage systems in water-saturated soils.

There is a method of constructing drainage in water-saturated soils [1], including the development of a trench, the supply and laying of drainage pipes and filter material and the backfilling of the trench with mineral soil, in which, simultaneously with the development of the trench, the walls are frozen to the height of the ground water pinch out (GW).

The disadvantage of this method is the large energy consumption for the drainage work in water-saturated soils, as well as the low quality of their implementation in the bottom of the trench.

There is a method of constructing leader drains in water-saturated soils [2], including preparing the track along the strip, extracting a drainage trench, laying a drainage conduit into it and backfilling the trench with developed mineral soil, the latter being centrifuged and then formed into a drainage conduit in the bottom trenches.

The disadvantage of this method of building drainage is a method that requires large additional energy costs, it does not ensure the durability of the drainage device (life from 5 to 30 days). The method causes a low quality of work when the drainage device, in particular, with a high hydrodynamic pressure of groundwater along the entire width and length of the drainage trench.

The closest technical solution is the method of drainage in water-saturated soils [3], including the development of a drainage trench, freezing soils along its side walls, supplying and laying drainage pipes coated with protective filtering material (ZFM), forming a water conduit with dusting with a volumetric filtering material (OFM), and the sequence of work is as follows: at the bottom of the trench, lay a strip of tape with dusting around the gravel pipe, followed by sprinkling it with a sand-gravel mixture, and cover the mixture from above two-ply web material, positioning convexity coating belts in mutually opposite directions with respect to one another.

The disadvantages of the described method of the drainage device are high energy costs for the production of drainage work, the complexity of the laying technology in the bottom of the trench, which leads to low quality drainage work on the base, high costs of roll protective filtering materials (SFM) and bulk volumetric filtering materials (OFM) , the high cost of laying drainage per unit length of the trench.

A device in the form of a bunker-pipe-laying machine of a drainage-laying machine [4], comprising front and side walls, a rear wall with a control flap, a support ski and the main pipe-laying device located in front of the side walls between the side pipelines, is a guide pipe-slip. The bunker is equipped, in addition to the main one, with additional pipe layers with the possibility of regulating their mutual position, providing laying on the bottom of the drainage trench of the block system of pipelines (water conduits).

The disadvantage of this device is the poor quality of work production efficiency and poor drainage under complex process, particularly in soils with low filtration properties, for small values of filter coefficient _KF (in loamy and clayey soils, where the values of K = _F 0,05-0, 20 m / day).

The closest technical solution is a device for laying closed horizontal drainage [5], which includes a digger working body of the drainer and a hopper-pipelayer with a guiding pipe-slime for pipes and a container for bulk bulk filtering material, where screens are installed in the upper part of the hopper with the possibility of them Swing through vibration.

The disadvantage of this device is that the sieves for the drive require large additional energy costs, in particular, the operation of the sieve system installed inside between the walls of the hopper and perceiving the load of the whole mass of filtering materials dumped on them. The fractional composition of materials requires lengthy preparation for sprinkling a water pipe, for which their composition should be more uniform and constant in the process when laying drainage.

The objective of the invention is to improve the method of laying the drainage collector and create a device for its implementation in the construction of systems in water-saturated soils.

The technical result is an increase in the quality of laying and the operability of a closed drainage collector.

The problem is achieved in that in the proposed method and device, the volumetric filtering material with continuous supply, before sprinkling the drainage pipe, is subjected directly to the bunker of the drainer, during the expiration, self-sieving by fractional composition and stacking it with increasing particle diameter of the material, starting from the bottom trenches, going up to the backfilling of mineral soil. In cross-section of the volume-filtering material, the pipeline is placed centrally along the length with holes along its surface located above the bottom of the drainage trench. A system of curvilinear screens with a slope of up to 45 ° is mounted on the slope pipeline and the rear wall inside the pipe-hopper. The system of curved screens across has a concavity to the axis of symmetry of the hopper and is spring-loaded on the rear wall, in their lower part.

The proposed method of laying a drainage collector in water-saturated soils involves the following process steps:

- preparation of the route for the construction of a drainage collector along the strip, development of a pit from the water intake side;

- development of a narrow (B _t = 0.2-0.4 m) or wide (B _t = 0.6-1.2 m) drainage trench, starting from the pit;

- supply and laying of a drainage pipeline-collector in a trench;

- sprinkling of the collector pipeline (water conduit) in a circular volumetric filtering material;

- backfilling (dusting) of the collector pipeline into the trench with developed mineral soil.

The method of laying the drainage collector in water-saturated soils is as follows.

Along route 1 (Fig. 1), which is planned for laying a drainage collector, the depth of groundwater table (ground water level) from the surface of the earth is established by the method of drilling. Known earth moving vehicles, such as a bulldozer or scraper, cut and stack a one-sided blade from a fertile plant layer of soil. A well-known excavator-collector (excavator-drainer) is adjusted to the pit 2 from the water intake side and reversed. An earth moving tool 3 (FIG. 2) is lowered into the pit 2 of the collector-draining machine 4 with a pipe-hopper 5, inside of which a slip-pipe 6 with a system of curved screens 7 is mounted (FIGS. 3, 4). The pipe 8 of the drainage collector is externally covered with a protective filtering material 9 (ZFM) and sprinkled around with an eliminated volumetric filtering material 10 (OFM), which is placed with increasing diameter of the material particles from the bottom up, starting from the bottom of the trench 11 to the backfilling of mineral soil 12, simultaneously with the development of the walls of the trench 13, laying of the pipe 8 of the drainage collector.

Above the drainage trench on the right or left along the highway, a vegetation layer of the soil is cut off (see Fig. 1) with its laying in a dump on one side and mineral soil on the other side.

The method of laying the drainage collector in water-saturated soils is implemented using modern drainage and collector-laying machines of the type ETTs-406A, 6027 Haikons, DU-3502, UDM-350, EKM-5 or DU-4003 in the course of land reclamation construction. In parallel with the collector-draining machine, the loader of bulk bulk filtering materials (OFM), for example, of the PFP-13 or PP-4 type, has a lateral belt conveyor, which creates a continuous flow of the granular filter material into the hopper-pipelayer 5 (figure 2). In the process of continuous supply of the volumetric filtering material, the latter, falling onto the curved sieve system 7 located between the side walls of the pipe-hopper 5, moving (rolling) along the working surfaces of the curved sieve system 7, undergoes self-scattering due to vibrations caused by the dynamic influence of the volumetric filtering material on a system of curved screens 7, the end parts of which are provided with springs 14 (Fig.3). After laying on the bottom of the trench 11 (Fig. 1) a pipe 8 of a drainage collector (DC), coated externally with a protective filtering material 9 and sprinkled around a round-shaped bulk filtering material 10, backfill (dusting) the pipe 8 of the drainage collector with mineral soil 12.

Figure 2-4 shows a device for implementing the method of laying a drainage collector, which consists of a system of curved sieves 7 (figure 4) with a concavity to the axis of symmetry of the pipe-hopper 5 mounted on the pipeline-slime 6 and resting its end parts on the springs fourteen.

The device operates as follows. In the process of receipt (expiration) of bulk bulk filter material 10 (Fig. 1) through a system of curved sieves 7 (Fig. 3) with a slope of up to 45 °, sieving of the bulk-filtering material 10 (Fig. 1) by fractional composition occurs. The springs 14, constantly oscillating under the influence of the falling particles of the bulk filtering material 10 and being in dynamics, provide self-scattering with the distribution of these particles according to their diameter with an increase in the latter from bottom to top (Fig. 3).

The continuity of the supply of volumetric filtering material 10 (Fig. 2) upon receipt of a collector-draining machine 4 and self-scattering of volumetric filtering material into the bunker-pipelayer 5 ensure high-quality laying and efficient operation of the drainage collector in highly saturated soils on agricultural lands.

The pipe 8 of the drainage collector rests in the bottom of the trench 11 on a base formed of small particles of volumetric filter material that are tightly adjacent to each other, which creates a stable underlying environment in the form of a reliable base for the drainage collector. The upper part of the pipe 8 of the drainage collector provides the necessary water intake surface of the intake by laying in the trench with holes upward in length, and its lower part conveys (discharges) the collected ground water, realizing the proposed method with a pipe-hopper 5 without an additional energy device for driving and the operation of the curved sieve system 7, creating vibrational vibrations in them.

The method of laying the drainage collector in water-saturated soils is carried out in one pass, providing the required quality of pipe laying, reducing energy costs, saving protective filtering (HFM) and bulk volumetric filtering (OFM) materials, reducing the cost of construction by 25-33% of collector-drainage systems (CDS) in land reclamation.

Information sources

1. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 1772316 Е02В 11/00 op. Bull. No. 40, 1992

2. USSR author's certificate No. 1812268 Е02В 11/00 op. Bull. No. 16, 1993

3. RF patent №2017893 E02D 3/10 op. Bull. No. 15,1994 g.

4. USSR author's certificate No. 1740565 E02F 5/10, op. Bull. No. 22, 1992

5. USSR author's certificate No. 1717715 Е02В 11/00, op. Bull. No. 9, 1992

Claims (3)

1. A method of laying a drainage collector in water-saturated soils, including preparing a route along a strip, developing a trench, feeding and laying a drainage pipe pipe in a trench, sprinkling it with bulk filter material and backfilling the trench with mineral soil, characterized in that the volumetric filter material with continuous supply Before sprinkling the pipes of the drainage collector, they are subjected directly to the pipe-hopper in the process of expiration of self-sieving by fractional composition, laying it with an increase in ametra particulate material from the bottom of the trench upwardly to backfill, placing the draining pipe the trench across the collector centrally apertured upward along its length relative to the bottom of the drainage trenches. 2. A device for laying a drainage collector in water-saturated soils, including a digger working body of a drainer, a pipe bunker with a sieve system and a guide-slip pipe, characterized in that a curved sieve system with a slope of up to 45 ° is mounted on the slip pipe inside the pipe bunker. to the horizon and their concavity towards the rear wall, and with the fixing of the sieve system on the front wall of the pipe-hopper and the pipeline-slope of the drainage machine. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the curved sieve system, starting from the pipeline-slope, has a concavity across the symmetry axis of the pipe-hopper hopper and is spring-loaded in the lower part thereof.

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