RU2320201C1 - Iron-containing bioactive foodstuff - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food processing industry.

SUBSTANCE: claimed foodstuff contains connective-tissue protein elastin hydrolyzate, enriched with ferrous(II) sulfate, wherein 1 g of elastin hydrolyzate contains 20 mg of iron.

EFFECT: food of increased biologically value; stable iron content.

2 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to the food industry and can be used as a biologically active food supplement, correcting the lack of iron, and an additional source of amino acids, peptides.

Currently known biologically active food additives are presented in the Federal Register of Biologically Active Food Supplements in Section 3 “Biologically active food supplements (BAA) - sources of minerals” (2001):

Anti-Anemin (manufactured by Leovit Nutrio LLC, Russia), the base is iron sulfate, produced in 0.6 g tablets;

Capsules with Tiens iron (manufactured by Tianjin Tiens Corporation, China), the basis is ferrous iron lactate, produced in 0.25 g capsules;

Ferrinat (manufactured by Inat-Pharma LLC, Russia), the base is aqueous iron sulfate, available in tablets of 0.19 g;

Essenthial Iron (manufactured by Nittany Pharmaceuticals Inc, USA), the base is iron, produced in 120 mg capsules (see p.200);

"Vita-iron granules" (manufactured by NPP Fito-product, CJSC, Russia), the basis is iron sulfate, produced in granules of 1.0 g in bags;

“Golden ball. A beverage concentrate with iron, vitamins and carotene ”(CJSC“ Valetek-prodimpex ”, Russia), the basis is iron, a powder of 300 and 1000 g (see p.201).

A disadvantage of the known food supplements is that iron is contained in an inorganic form in the form of compounds of iron sulfate, iron fumarate, ferrous iron lactate, yellow iron oxide. Iron is in an unbound state and there are problems with targeted delivery of trace elements. Another disadvantage is that the presented additives cannot be components of a daily human diet, since the maximum course of administration is recommended for two months, except for capsules with Tiens iron, Vita-iron granules, and Golden Ball.

“BUMM with vitamins and iron” (JSC Biogal Pharmaceutical Plant, Hungary), the basis is iron fumarate and yellow iron oxide. Available in 800 mg tablets (see p. 200).

The disadvantages of this additive are, firstly, an inorganic unbound form of iron, and secondly, the additive is contraindicated in patients with phenylketonuria.

Dietary supplement "Ferrum Alga" (manufactured by University Innovation Company "Litoral" LLC, Russia), consisting of brown algae (fucus and kelp). It is produced in the form of gelatin capsules of 0.5 g each (see ibid. P. 200).

The disadvantage of the supplement is the limited course of administration - one month.

Dietary supplement "Superhematogen" (production of LLC NPF Mobitek, LLC Fakel-Design, Russia) (see ibid., P. 200). The composition of the known additives includes hemoglobin. Iron is in organic form - heme and is available to the body for assimilation.

A disadvantage of the known additives is the high price. The double decline in Russia of slaughter of farm animals became one of the reasons for the significant loss of slaughter blood that goes to the production of hematogen, in addition, the superhematogen contains sugar filler, which is contraindicated for patients with diabetes mellitus.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a complex of iron with a protein hydrolyzate, including iron (II) ions, chelated with partially hydrolyzed egg white with a molecular weight of from 2000 to 6000 (application No. 2001126394, IPC A23L 1/304, 1/305, A23L 2/00, A23J 3/34, A23J 1/08, publ. 01.20.2005). The basis of the complex is egg white, which is a protein hydrolyzate obtained by hydrolysis of egg white using microbial proteinases isolated from Aspergillus oryzae and Bacillus licheniformis.

The disadvantage of this complex is that the scope is limited to drinks, in addition, the powder for the drink includes cocoa.

Minerals are vital nutrients with a variety of physiological functions. Iron is the basis for the synthesis of hemoglobin, which is part of red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen from the lungs throughout the body and remove carbon dioxide. Oxygen is a strong oxidizing agent, but hemoglobin, precisely due to the iron (Fe) contained in it, is able to carry oxygen.

In violation of this process, anemia occurs. Today, doctors have several dozen varieties of anemia in humans. But the most common is iron deficiency anemia.

At risk for anemia are newborns, children, pregnant women. The main method of treatment and prevention of anemia is taking iron supplements. However, the body, first of all, must receive the necessary amount of Fe from food. In a normal temperate climate, a healthy person needs 11-30 mg of Fe per day. Therefore, it is necessary that the human body receives iron in an organic digestible form. The most assimilable form of iron is the heme form - hemoglobin of animal blood. However, a person consumes not only meat and blood, but also plant foods. Therefore, an adequate matrix of iron is needed, capable of delivering a trace element into the body without loss.

An elastin hydrolyzate obtained by biotransformation of protein with pepsin is suitable for the role of an iron matrix. The hydrolyzate is a mixture of peptides containing free carboxyl groups (COO ^-) amino acids obtained by directed modification elastin.

Thus, the problem solved by the invention is to ensure the stability of the digestible organic form of iron.

The technical result of the invention is to ensure the stability of the digestible organic form of iron during storage, use, achieving a positive effect on the mechanisms of natural resistance and participation in the formation of a specific immune response, increasing the biological value of diets, expanding the range of iron-containing products.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in a biologically active food supplement containing an iron sulfate-enriched protein hydrolyzate, according to the invention, a connective tissue elastin protein hydrolyzate is used as a protein hydrolyzate, while the iron in the finished additive is in a bound organic form, the content of which is in 1 g of elastin is 20 mg.

A distinctive feature of the claimed invention is the qualitative and quantitative composition of the ingredients, namely the use as a protein hydrolyzate hydrolyzate of the connective tissue protein elastin enriched in iron sulfate. At the same time, the iron in the additive is in a bound, organic form. This contributes to its effective absorption by the body. Thus, the claimed biologically active food supplement (BADP) is a stable source of essential trace element iron. Moreover, in the bound organic form, iron can be stored for a long time and not be subjected to losses and destruction, i.e. the stability of the iron (II) content during its storage and use is ensured. The inventive BADP is an additional source of peptides and amino acids, iron in bound organic form, which makes it a promising component of food rations, especially in connection with the use of refined, depleted in mineral substances subjected to heat treatment, providing an increase in their biological value.

Known biologically active food supplement "Iodine-elastin" containing a hydrolyzate of connective tissue protein elastin iodinated with potassium iodide (US Pat. No. RU 2266021, IPC A23L 1/30, 1/305, 1/304, publ. 20.12.2005; bull . No. 35). Moreover, in 1 g of elastin, the iodine content is 50-200 μg. The invention improves the biological value of diets, as well as to ensure the stability of the iodine content during storage and use.

A disadvantage of the known additives is that 1 g of dietary supplement is able to replace iodine diet by 30% of physiological needs. At the same time, there is a correction of the trace element iodine. In addition, the participation of the additive in the formation of a specific immune response was not detected.

The claimed invention experimentally established the optimal iron content in 1 g of elastin hydrolyzate - 20 mg.

The introduction of iron less than 20 mg complicates the process of enrichment and control of its content in the additive. With an iron content of more than 20 mg, the purpose of the additive (therapeutic) and the method of its use (short-term administration) will change. The proposed supplement is not intended for treatment, its purpose is to make up for the insufficient intake of organic forms of iron, protein and amino acids in the diet.

Thus, it is the claimed combination of essential features of the invention that helps to achieve the above technical result. This allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the eligibility criteria of the invention of "novelty" and "inventive step".

The inventive biologically active food supplement "Fe-elastin" is a light yellow powder, soluble well in water at pH 7-8 without preliminary preparation, the mass content of iron in 1 g of elastin is 20 mg. The parameters of the powder are presented in table 1.

Table 1 No. Options Indicators one. Moisture% no more than 8 2. Protein,% not less than 89 3. Ash% no more than 2,2 four. Iron mg twenty 5. Particle diameter mm 0.7 6. Color light yellow 7. Taste neutral 8. Toxicity non toxic

The safety and activity of "Fe-elastin" is proved by the results of changes in phagocytic indices in an in vitro experiment. Determination of the phagocytic activity of macrophages is a classic test in scientific research in the study of immunomodulating properties and immunotoxicological safety of biologically active additives.

Macrophages are phylogenetically the most ancient cells of the immune system. Of all the cells involved in the implementation of the immune response, they differ in the most pronounced multifunctionality. The most important functions include: phagocytosis, secretory function, etc. Phagocytes are one of the participants in the development of the body's immune responses. Phagocytosis is the process of active absorption by the body cells of various foreign particles and microbes that enter it, followed by their digestion using intracellular enzymes.

The activity and safety of “Fe-elastin” was investigated on peritoneal macrophages isolated from the abdominal cavity of mice. In the experiment, the inhibition of the functions of peritoneal macrophages was simulated by introducing a classical immunosuppressant, azathioprine, at a concentration of 50 μg / cm ³ into the culture medium. Then, after a certain time, the studied objects were introduced into the culture medium: dietary supplement "Fe-elastin" in doses of 0.01 mg / cm ³ and 0.005 mg / cm ³ and elastin hydrolyzate in a dose of 0.01 mg / cm ³ .

Two indicators were evaluated in phagocytosis reactions: activity (percentage of phagocytic cells of the total number of macrophages) and phagocytic index or intensity (average number of microorganisms absorbed by one cell) (see Table 2).

table 2
Changes in phagocytosis in vitro Name Phagocytic index,% The activity of phagocytes,% The control 10.08 ± 0.23 85.00 ± 1.10 Azathioprine (50 mcg / cm ³ ) 6.12 ± 0.31 49.62 ± 1.71 Azathioprine → Fe-Elastin "(0.01 mg / cm ³ ) 9.66 * ± 0.48 75.87 * ± 4.60 Azathioprine → Fe-Elastin "(0.005 mg / cm ³ ) 10.49 * ± 0.18 77.83 * ± 3.12 Azathioprine → elastin hydrolyzate (0.01 mg / cm ³ ) 9.18 * ± 0.32 74.32 * ± 4.14 Note: * - reliability relative to the azathioprine sample p <0.01

As can be seen from table 2, azathioprine inhibits the activity of peritoneal macrophages. The number of phagocytic macrophages (phagocyte activity) is reduced by 42%, the average number of microorganisms absorbed by one cell (phagocytic index) is reduced by 39% relative to the control sample. The use of an elastin hydrolyzate at a dose of 0.01 mg / cm ³ and “Fe-elastin” at a dose of 0.01 mg / cm ³ and 0.005 mg / cm ³ leads to stimulation of the functional activity of peritoneal macrophages (phagocytic index and phagocytic activity). The functional activity indices of peritoneal macrophages after immunosuppression with azathioprine and subsequent correction by both an elastin hydrolyzate and Fe-elastin increase to the level of the control sample.

Phagocytosis is the main mechanism of natural resistance, as well as an indispensable link in the induction and formation of a specific immune response. "Fe-elastin" is non-toxic, as evidenced by immunological studies. The high functional activity of "Fe-elastin" is determined by the properties of the carrier. It is known that elastin peptides have a chemotactic effect that allows stimulating the body's defense mechanisms when exposed to damaging environmental factors. However, the Fe-elastin complex is more active than the elastin hydrolyzate and acts on the mechanisms of natural resistance and is involved in the formation of a specific immune response, which is explained by the interaction of the elastin hydrolyzate and iron ions.

Therefore, the dietary supplement "Fe-elastin" is safe and the elastin hydrolyzate is able to serve as a matrix for iron (II) ions. The enrichment of the elastin hydrolyzate with iron sulfate contributes to the active effect of the additive on the mechanisms of natural resistance and the formation of a specific immune response. All this increases the biological value of diets and expands the range of iron-containing products.

In the proposed additive, an elastin hydrolyzate obtained as follows is used. The elastin isolated from the connective tissue is subjected to enzymatic treatment with pepsin under conditions: pH 1.60-1.65, temperature 37 ° C ± 2 ° C for 20-22 hours.

A biologically active food supplement is prepared as follows: the hydrolyzate of an animal elastin protein is enriched with iron sulfate for 24 hours at a temperature of 0 ° C-4 ° C and subjected to freeze-drying. The additive is a light yellow powder, readily soluble in water. 1 g of elastin hydrolyzate contains a bound form of iron in an amount of 20 mg.

Examples confirming the possibility of using a biologically active food supplement.

Example 1. Conditions were selected for the immobilization of iron on an elastin hydrolyzate at different pH values.

- pH 9, a color change is observed from light yellow to dark blue-brown color with precipitation in the form of flakes, which reduces the organoleptic properties;

- pH 7, the maximum binding of FeSO ₄ occurs (84.5%), however, a color change is observed from light yellow to dark orange-red, which is most likely associated with the reduction of iron (from a 2- to 3-valence state);

- pH 5.8-6.2 optimal values. At this pH value, a high 70-75% trace element safety and organoleptic indicators satisfying the consumer.

Example 2. Dietary supplement "Fe-elastin" can be used both in liquid form and in powder form.

Example 3. A biologically active food supplement can be used as a standalone dietary supplement. To use it, you need to dilute the additive in a small amount of water, the entire volume of 0.25 mg of BADP, which is 30% of the daily requirement of the body, can be taken in one go at any time.

Example 4. BADP can be made in the first and second courses before use.

The advantages of the claimed biologically active food additives are in the possibility of ensuring the stability of the digestible organic form of iron during storage and its use for food purposes in industry, as an additional source of animal protein, which allows us to conclude that the claimed invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Claims (1)

An iron-containing biologically active food supplement containing a protein hydrolyzate enriched in iron sulfate, characterized in that the connective tissue protein hydrolyzate is used as a protein hydrolyzate, while the iron content in 1 g of elastin hydrolyzate is 20 mg.