RU2317826C1 - Method for preventing myxomatosis in rabbits - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with vaccinating female rabbits and their kindles with dry live-culture vaccine out of "B-82" strain followed by weaning the offspring. Moreover, female rabbits should be vaccinated 30 d before kindling, not later. The offspring should be weaned at the age of 28 d due to removing from maternal cells, and vaccination of kindles should be carried out 5-7 d after weaning. The innovation enables to prevent the cases of clinical disease after vaccination of the weaned offspring and suckling kindles.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

2 ex, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, in particular to the specific prophylaxis of rabbit myxomatosis in epizootic foci and farms that are unsuccessful for this disease, settlements and yards.

It is known that in farms and populated areas unsuccessful for myxomatosis, sick animals are killed and burned together with the skin, and clinically healthy rabbits and rabbits are vaccinated from 28 days of age and revaccinated after three months. Rabbits are vaccinated at any time during pregnancy. It is known that vaccinated animals in a dysfunctional point may have cases of a clinical disease (Manual on the use of a vaccine against myxomatosis of rabbits with dry live culture from strain "B-82", approved by the General Directorate of Veterinary Medicine on October 28, 1992).

The disadvantage of prevention in farms with dysfunctional myxomatosis is vaccination of rabbits without taking into account the presence of active, passive immunities and their duration.

Vaccine antigens in the body of rabbits with passive antibodies obtained with milk from the uterus do not induce the formation of antibodies, but enter into a neutralization reaction, forming neutral antigen + antibody complexes. As a result, the susceptibility of young animals to the pathogen of myxomatosis is restored.

The purpose of the invention is to prevent cases of a clinical disease after vaccination of weaned young animals and baby rabbits.

This goal is achieved by vaccination of rabbits (first-born) with a vaccine against dry live culture rabbit myxomatosis from strain “B-82” no later than 30 days before the rounding, which ensures the transmission of colostral antibodies to the offspring with colostrum and milk of vaccinated queens (passive immunity); weaning of young animals at 28 days of age with a jigging from the cells of the uterus, which helps to maintain the uniformity of the immune status and eliminates the overbreeding of rabbits associated with movement and rearrangement; vaccination of young animals 5-7 days after weaning, followed by rearing and fattening them in the same cells, which prevents neutralization of the vaccine antigen with colostral antibodies and promotes the formation of primary active immunity instead of passive, eliminates the overreflection associated with rearrangement, mixing rabbits, and prevents cases of the clinical manifestation of myxomatosis; revaccination of young animals selected for repair at three months, then at six months of age and then every six months of operation in February - March and August - September.

Example 1. To determine the optimal timing of vaccination of rabbits (first-born) and rabbits, 24 rabbits were selected vaccinated with the vaccine against myxomatosis of rabbits of dry live culture from strain "B-82" in a dose of 1 ml intramuscularly, 15 of them with a term of less than 30 days before okrolya and 9 - with a period of more than 60 days. The rabbits were divided into 3 groups so that in each there were 5 rabbits with a vaccination period of less than 30 days before the rounds and 3 rabbits with a term of more than 60 days.

After okroli, rabbits of the 1st group were vaccinated on the day of weaning and rearrangement (introducing new animals, mixing rabbits of different age groups and from different nests) - (control). Rabbits of 2 groups were vaccinated 5-7 days after weaning on the day of rearrangement. Rabbits of 3 groups were vaccinated 5-7 days after weaning with rearing and fattening in the cells where rabbits were born (Table 1). Rabbits were weaned in all groups at the age of 28 days.

Table 1 Myxomatosis cases after vaccination Groups Duration of vaccination of rabbits (first-born) before a scent, days. The number of vaccinated rabbits, goal. Number of rabbits, goal. The first cases of rabbit disease after vaccination through The proportion of patients, P 48-72 hours, goal 5-7 days or more, goal. 1 group (control) less than 30 5 23 0 7 0.30 more than 60 3 fifteen 6 0 0.40 2 group less than 30 5 24 0 3 0.12 more than 60 3 fifteen four 0 0.30 3 group less than 30 5 23 0 0 0 more than 60 3 17 3 0 0.17

From the data of Table 1, it can be seen that the most optimal period for vaccinating rabbits (birthright) is less than 30 days prior to birthing with vaccination of rabbits 5-7 days after weaning with rearing and fattening in the cells where the rabbits were born, since it was formed in rabbits - suckers passive immunity is replaced by primary active, while rabbits, associated with rearrangement, do not overfree.

Example 2. To determine the timing of revaccination of young animals, rabbits were selected, which were divided into four groups. The first group - 23 rabbits (control), the second, third and fourth (experimental) - 21, 23 and 21 animals, respectively.

Rabbits of the first group (control) were vaccinated on the day of weaning. The first revaccination was carried out after three months (rabbits were 4 months old), and an interim count of diseased animals was performed at 6.3 months of age. The second revaccination - after 9 months (rabbits are 13 months old).

Rabbits of the second group were vaccinated 5-7 days after weaning with rearing and fattening in the cells where the rabbits were born. The first revaccination was carried out after three months, an intermediate count of diseased animals - 6.3 months. The second revaccination - after 9 months.

Rabbits of the third group were vaccinated 5-7 days after weaning, revaccination was carried out at three months and 12 months of age.

Rabbits of the fourth group were vaccinated 5-7 days after weaning with rearing and fattening in the cells where rabbits were born. The first revaccination was carried out at three months (90 days), the second revaccination at 6 months, followed by revaccination after 6 months.

Weaning rabbits - at 28 days of age. Vaccination and revaccination was carried out with a vaccine against myxomatosis of rabbits with dry live culture from strain B-82, intramuscularly at a dose of 1 ml.

The number of sick rabbits was taken into account 7-9 days after revaccination.

table 2 Cases of clinical myxomatosis depending on the mode of vaccination of rabbits Group Number of rabbits, goal. Rabbits age at the time Number of sick rabbits, goal. The proportion of sick rabbits (R) revaccination accounting 1 (control) 23 four 4.3 eleven 0.48 - 6.3 19 0.83 13 13.3 - - 2 21 four 4.3 2 0.09 - 6.3 eleven 0.52 13 13.3 17 0.81 3 23 3 3.3 0 0 - 6.3 four 0.17 12 12.3 12 0.52 four 21 3 3.3 0 0 6 6.3 0 0 12 12.3 0 0

As can be seen from Table 2, revaccination three months after vaccination was delayed, as young animals observed cases of the clinical manifestation of myxomatosis, and by the time of revaccination 9 months after the previous rabbit died 52-100%.

Thus, the weaning of young animals at 28 days of age with the culling of uterine cells, vaccination of rabbits after 5-7 days, followed by rearing and fattening in the same cages and revaccination at three months of age, and then every six months of operation, cases of clinical myxomatosis in rabbits are prevented .

Claims (3)

1. A method for the prevention of rabbit myxomatosis, including vaccination of rabbits and rabbits with a live dry culture vaccine from strain "B-82" and weaning of young animals, characterized in that the vaccination of rabbits is carried out no later than 30 days before okrolya, weaning is carried out at the age of 28 days by depositing from uterine cells, and rabbits are vaccinated 5-7 days after weaning. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the revaccination of repair young animals is carried out at three months of age, then at six months, and then every six months. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rearing and fattening of young animals after weaning is carried out in the same cells.