RU2316603C1 - Continuous-action plant for induction heating of articles in the form of balls - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heat treatment of products with use of induction heating such as balls (grinding bodies, balls of rolling bearing assemblies and of valves in hydraulic systems, particularly highly wear-resistant balls of valves of deep-well pumps and so on).

SUBSTANCE: continuous action plant for induction heating of ball shaped articles includes supplying hopper, under-hopper feeding mechanism, setting chute, electric current supply buses, inductor and guiding chute inside it. Inducting wire of inductor is wound on insulation gaskets around rectangular guiding chute of non-magnetic or weakly magnetic material having sufficiently high melting temperature (for example, steel of given kind), trough like cross section and bent to cylindrical helical spiral with vertical symmetry axis. Plant is provided with jack under lower part of inductor and with stop over upper part of inductor. Setting chute is jointly connected with under-hopper feeding mechanism and with guiding chute; between articulation joints said chute has two telescopically joined portions. Supplying hopper is provided with mechanism for moving it in horizontal and vertical planes.

EFFECT: possibility for providing symmetrical surface heating or through heating of balls.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of heat treatment of products using induction heating, in particular balls (grinding media, balls of rolling bearings and valves in hydraulic systems, including highly wear-resistant balls in valves of deep pumps, etc.).

A known installation of continuous operation for induction heating under the hardening of balls of rolling bearings, comprising a feed hopper, a disk-type sub-hopper feeding mechanism defining a chute, a pusher, a cylindrical inductor and a direct directing chute made of non-magnetic material inside it (Morozov A.P., Futoryansky Yu. B. “Heat treatment without oxidation and decarburization.” - Kuibyshev Book Publishing House, 1967, p. 26 ... 28, Fig. 4). In this setup, the balls are successively pushed along the guide groove inside the inductor in separate single-row portions close to each other. The disadvantage of this known installation is that the effect of magnetic flux on the surface of the balls is not accompanied by their rotation, as a result of which symmetrical heating is not achieved for both through and surface hardening (especially surface, most preferred for most products spherical, requiring combination of high hardness of the surface layer with a relatively plastic core). In this regard, there is a need to aggregate such induction plants with resistance muffle furnaces for leveling the balls after they are heated through the inductor (these units are not suitable for surface heating).

The technical task of the invention is the creation of an induction installation of continuous operation, providing symmetrical surface or through heating of products of a spherical shape.

) сечение и изогнутого в цилиндрическую винтовую спираль с вертикальной осью симметрии, снабжена домкратом под нижней частью индуктора и упором над верхней его частью.The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the installation of continuous operation for induction heating of spherical-shaped products contains a feed hopper, a sub-hopper feeding mechanism, defining a chute, current-carrying tires, an inductor and a guide chute located inside it. Inductor inductor wire is wound along insulating spacers around a rectangular guide trough of non-magnetic or weakly magnetic material with a sufficiently high melting temperature (for example, steel 1X18H10T) having a trough-like (

) section and bent into a cylindrical spiral spiral with a vertical axis of symmetry, equipped with a jack under the lower part of the inductor and the stop above its upper part.

The installation is equipped with a jack under the lower part of the inductor and a stop above its upper part, and the master chute is connected to the sub-hopper feeding mechanism and to the guide chute of the inductor, and in the gap between the hinges the chute has a telescopic articulation of both its parts, while the feed hopper is equipped with a mechanism for moving it in horizontal and vertical planes.

The design of the proposed installation for induction heating of the balls is presented in figure 1 with a partial section, in figure 2 - section aa in figure 1, where:

1 - feed hopper; 2 - sub-hopper feeding mechanism of discrete action; 3 - the trough sets; 3-1,3-2-articulated joints; 3-3 - telescopic articulation; 4 - guide chute; 4-1 track of the gutter; 4-2 - vertical outer wall; 4-3 - the inner wall; 5 - circuit of the inductor; 6 - current-carrying tires; 7 - magnetic cores (ferrite or packages made of transformer steel, not shown conditionally in figure 1); 8 - spacer hoops; 9 - pressure screws; 10 - heated product; 11 - a block of a jack; 12 - emphasis; 13 - a mechanism for shifting the position of the hopper; 14 - supporting structure.

-й к X оси Y благодаря динамическому контакту с наружной вертикальной стенкой 4-2 желоба под воздействием центробежной силы. Побуждающие к вращению шаров моменты равнозначныInstallation works as follows. From the storage hopper 1, the balls are dispensed by a discrete-acting feeding mechanism 2 (for example, bypass type) into the groove 3, transporting them at intervals to the guide spiral groove 4, around which an induction wire is wound inside the inductor 5. In the guide groove of the trough-shaped section, 4 balls are rolled along spiral path 4-1, rotate around the X axis and simultaneously spin around

-th to the X axis of the Y axis due to dynamic contact with the outer vertical wall of the 4-2 trough under the influence of centrifugal force. The moments inducing the rotation of the balls are equivalent

where F _T is the tangential force applied to the center of the ball;

G is the weight of the ball (m · g);

α is the angle of elevation of the spiral coils of the guide trough;

r is the radius of the ball.

Consequently, the cyclic velocities ω _x , ω _{y of the} rotation of the balls will be the same, which determines the uniform interaction of the surfaces of the balls with the magnetic flux in the inductor, providing the desired symmetrical heating.

The need to equip the installation with magnetic circuits 7 may arise if it is used periodically to heat balls of different diameters, when, when the size of the product is less than optimal, an increased effective gap will arise between its surface and the turns of the induction wire from the side of the inner vertical wall of the guide chute.

The design of the proposed installation allows you to change in a certain interval the time spent by the heated product in the inductor. The following options are available for this:

- changing the angle of elevation of the spiral coils of the guide chute (α) by jacking due to its spring-like configuration;

- variation of the initial speed of the balls at the entrance to the inductor by changing the slope and length of the master groove 3.

Changing the slope and length of the groove 3 is provided by its articulated telescopic design in cooperation with the mechanism for moving the hopper 1 vertically and horizontally (for example, according to the hinged parallelogram).

Claims (3)

1. Installation of continuous operation for induction heating of products of a spherical shape, comprising a feed hopper, a sub-hopper feeding mechanism defining a groove, current-carrying tires, an inductor and a guide chute inside it, characterized in that the inductor inductor wire is wound around a rectangular guide chute having a trough-like

-section and bent into a cylindrical helical spiral with a vertical axis of symmetry. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with a jack under the lower part of the inductor and a stop above its upper part. 3. The installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the master chute is connected pivotally to the induction feed chute and to the guide chute of the inductor, and in the interval between the hinges the chute has a telescopic joint of both its parts, while the feed hopper is equipped with a mechanism for moving it horizontally and vertical planes.

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