RU2315822C1 - Anodic device of the aluminum electrolyzer with the upper current lead - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: non-ferrous metallurgy industry; production of the anodic devices for the aluminum electrolyzers with the upper current leads.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of the nonferrous metallurgy industry, in particular, to the electrolytic production of aluminum, namely to the designs of the anodic rods in the anodic devices of the aluminum electrolyzers with the upper current lead. The anodic device includes the carbonic anode, the anodic rods consisting of the cylindrical and conical parts. In the middle part of the carbonic anode there are the mounted anodic rods with the diameter of their cylindrical part in 1.1-1.5 times bigger, than the diameter of the anodic rods mounted in the outer rows and the butts in plan of the carbonic anode. At usage of the stated anodic device the current efficiency is increased up to 88 %.

EFFECT: the invention ensures, that at usage of the stated anodic device the current efficiency is increased up to 88 percent.

1 tbl, 1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the electrolytic production of aluminum, and in particular to designs of anode pins in the anode devices of aluminum electrolyzers with top current lead.

A known anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer with an upper current supply, including a carbon anode, anode pins located on two horizons and used to suspend the carbon anode and supply current to it (Reference metallurgist. Production of aluminum and alloys based on it. Grinberg I.S., Gromov B .S., Veselkov V.V., Ragozin L.V., Shkolnikov PM, Gromov B.S., Zelberg B.I., Chernykh A.E., S-Pb., MANEB, 2005, p.107- 109).

The disadvantage of this device is a sharp increase in voltage in the carbon anode and the deterioration of the uniformity of current distribution after moving the anode pins to a higher horizon, which makes it difficult to increase the anode current density in the carbon anode, which provides an increase in current output.

Closest to the claimed technical essence is the anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer with a top current lead, including a carbon anode, anode pins, the diameter of which is increased, to improve the quality of the secondary anode (Aluminum production. Terentyev V.G., Shkolnikov PM, Grinberg I.S. , Chernykh A.E., Zelberg B.I., Chalykh V.I., Irkutsk, MANEB, 2001, p.134-137).

The disadvantage of the prototype device is the increase in thermal tension and the formation of cracks on the periphery of the carbon anode with increasing current density.

The basis of the invention is the task of developing an anode device, the design of which would provide an increase in current efficiency.

The technical result consists in reducing the likelihood of cracking of the carbon anode by reducing the stresses arising from the difference in thermal expansion of the anode pins and the carbon anode with increasing current density.

The achievement of the above technical result with increasing current density is ensured by the fact that in the anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer with a top current lead including a carbon anode, anode pins consisting of a cylindrical and conical parts, according to the invention, anode pins with a cylindrical part are installed in the middle part of the carbon anode diameter than in the outer rows and ends in terms of a carbon anode.

The invention complements a particular distinguishing feature, also aimed at solving the problem.

In the middle part of the carbon anode, anode pins with a diameter of the cylindrical part are 1.1-1.5 times larger than the diameter of the anode pins installed in the outer rows and ends in terms of the carbon anode.

In relation to the prototype of the proposed device has the following differences.

In the middle part of the carbon anode of the aluminum electrolyzer, anode pins are installed with a diameter of the cylindrical part 1.1-1.5 times larger than the diameter of the anode pins installed in the outer rows and ends in the anode plan.

When installing larger diameter anode pins only in the middle part of the carbon anode, the voltage drop in the carbon anode is reduced, the thermal tension of the carbon anode is reduced, the quality of the secondary anode is improved without deterioration of the state of the carbon anode at the periphery and at the ends.

The installation of the anode pins in the middle part of the carbon anode with a diameter less than 1.1 times the diameter of the anode pins installed in the outer rows and ends in the anode plane does not reduce the thermal stress and crack formation of the carbon anode with increasing current.

The installation of the anode pins in the middle part of the carbon anode with a diameter of more than 1.5 times the diameter of the anode pins installed in the outer rows and ends in terms of the carbon anode leads to an increase in thermal stress and crack formation of the carbon anode with increasing current strength.

The analysis conducted by the applicant showed that the set of features is new, and the device itself satisfies the inventive step condition due to the novelty of the causal relationship “distinctive features - technical result”.

The device is illustrated in the drawing, where 1 is the anode pins installed in the middle of the carbon anode, 2 is the anode pins installed in the outer rows and ends in plan of the carbon anode.

Example

In the carbon anode of the prototype installed pins with a diameter of the cylindrical part of 138 mm

The tests carried out using larger diameter anode pins in the middle part of the carbon anode confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed technical solution and the selected ratio of the diameter of the anode pins.

As can be seen from the table, when using the inventive anode device, the current efficiency increases to 88%.

Table The ratio of the diameters in the middle of the anode relative to the outer rows and ends 1,07 1,1 1.23 1.45 1,5 1.0 (prototype) Current load on the periphery of the anode,% 48.0 47.7 46.3 45.0 43,4 48,4 Technological violations, cases 17 8 0 5 22 19 Current output,% 85.0 87.2 88.8 88.0 88.0 84.8 Removal of foam, kg / t 42.0 40,2 38 39.0 44.1 41,4 PDA temperature, ° С 153.0 151.3 150.2 152.0 155.4 152.6 PDA level, cm 32,3 34.5 35.8 33.6 30,0 32,4

Claims (2)

1. The anode device of an aluminum electrolyzer with an upper current supply, including a carbon anode, anode pins, consisting of a cylindrical and conical parts, characterized in that in the middle part of the carbon anode are installed anode pins with a larger diameter of the cylindrical part than the diameter of the cylindrical part of the anode pins in the outer rows and ends of the carbon anode of the plan view. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the middle part of the carbon anode there are installed anode pins with a diameter of a cylindrical part 1.1-1.5 times larger than the diameter of the anode pins installed in the outer rows and ends of the carbon anode of the plan view.