RU2315324C1 - Device for control of power resources - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument industry.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises units for measuring increments of flow rates of the power-transfer agents for a given time period, power consumption and production efficiency, unit for measuring dynamic power capacity, unit for determining consumption of power resources from the value of the dynamic power capacity, and operator display.

EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of industrial energy and can be used to manage energy efficiency and energy saving in enterprises whose activities are based on energy technology.

Known energy management systems at enterprises [1-6]. These systems are used in energy services of enterprises (for example, the services of the chief power engineer) in the form of additional subsystems, for example, such as ASCAE - an automated system for monitoring and managing energy conservation. In well-known systems, the concept of the total or through energy intensity of products, fixed in GOST'ah [5, 6], and also known as the technological fuel number - TFC [3, 4], is also used.

However, in known systems, a quantitative assessment of energy consumption, through energy costs and total energy intensity is carried out at certain points in time, the dynamic energy intensity indicator is not used and no expert assessment of dynamic energy intensity is carried out in dynamics and in pace with the process. This does not allow an objective assessment of the situation with the state of energy resources in real time in dynamics, to identify the limiting (energy inefficient) links of the technological chain and to give the right, justified recommendations for improving the energy efficiency of energy technologies. This is especially manifested negatively in enterprises with flexible production with frequently changing orders and related changes in productivity and energy intensity of products.

Thus, the known energy management system at enterprises, the closest to the proposed [2].

However, the disadvantage of this system is the use of energy costs and energy intensity of products determined at a given time as an indicator of energy efficiency. At the same time, an expert assessment of the trends in the dynamics of energy intensity and energy consumption due to changes in the productivity of units or production at a pace with the process is not carried out, which does not allow to classify and quickly evaluate the current energy situation in the dynamics, justify and quickly identify the narrow links in the technological chain of energy efficiency and to propose adequate measures to improve the consumption of energy resources, especially when carrying out reconstruction activities, increasing production power and energy saving.

The technical task of the present invention is the provision of reliable information to the energy operator on the change in the dynamics of energy consumption and the dynamic energy intensity of products during production to effectively manage energy consumption, reduce energy and material resources.

This task is achieved by the fact that the energy management system includes a control object, a unit for determining energy consumption, a unit for determining end-to-end energy consumption, a unit for determining productivity, while the outputs of the control object are connected to the inputs of a unit for determining energy costs, a unit for determining end-to-end energy costs and a unit for determining productivity, and also includes serially connected operator control unit and automated object control unit, while you the course of the latter is connected to the input of the control object, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with blocks for determining the increment of energy consumption, through energy consumption and productivity, a dynamic energy intensity unit for energy consumption, a dynamic energy intensity unit and through energy consumption, a unit for evaluating the control object for energy consumption and an object evaluation unit controls for end-to-end energy consumption, the unit of the monitor-adviser of the operator, the unit of the time incrementer, while the increment time adjuster unit is connected to the inputs of the energy expenditure determination unit, the end-to-end energy consumption determination unit and the productivity determination unit, the outputs of the energy consumption expense determination unit, the end-to-end energy consumption determination unit and the performance determination unit are connected to the inputs of the respective increment units, the outputs of the energy expenditure increment unit and the increment unit performance connected to the input of the dynamic energy intensity unit for energy costs to it, the outputs of the through power consumption increment and productivity increment unit are connected to the input of the dynamic power consumption unit for through energy costs, the outputs of the dynamic power consumption unit for energy consumption, the dynamic energy unit for through energy inputs are connected respectively to the inputs of the unit for evaluating the control object for energy consumption and the unit for evaluating the control object for end-to-end energy costs, outputs of control unit assessment blocks for energy costs and end-to-end energy consumptions are connected to the input-monitor operator advisor unit, whose output is connected to the input of the control unit of the automated object.

At the same time, management is also carried out for the elements making up the energy intensity of products (electricity, natural gas, individual energy carriers, etc.).

In addition, management is carried out for individual stages or units of processes and production.

Thus, in this invention uses the concept of dynamic energy intensity, characterizing the trends in the dynamics of changes in energy intensity of products or the expenditure of certain types of energy carriers when changing production productivity.

This representation is introduced as follows.

With a change in energy consumption E _s due to a change in productivity P, the ratio is obtained (provided that E _c = EP, E is the static energy intensity of the product)

When dividing the right and left sides by dP and after the conversion,

является обычной (статической) энергоемкостью, а величина

, характеризующая изменение энергозатрат, является динамической энергоемкостью. Это наглядно представлено на фиг.1, где показан пример зависимости величины Э_с от Р, а именно Э_с=f(Р). На чертеже в точке А кривой зависимости Э_с=f(Р) величина

- статическая энергоемкость, а величина тангенса угла между касательной к кривой в точке А и горизонталью -

является динамической энергоемкостью.In equation (2), the value

is the usual (static) energy intensity, and the value

, characterizing the change in energy consumption, is a dynamic energy intensity. This is clearly shown in figure 1, which shows an example of the dependence of the magnitude of E _c on P, namely, E _c = f (P). In the drawing, at point A of the curve of the dependence E _c = f (P), the value

- static energy intensity, and the tangent of the angle between the tangent to the curve at point A and the horizontal -

is dynamic power consumption.

In modern conditions, the most important requirement for efficient energy consumption is to achieve product growth (productivity growth) while ensuring a decrease in the growth rate of energy consumption and energy consumption. It is such a production in modern conditions that is energy efficient. Mathematically, this condition of energy efficiency is expressed on the basis of formula (2) as follows.

Characteristic of the dependence of the share of energy consumption in the cost of production on productivity

и

and

From condition (3) it follows that energy-efficient production is characterized by a negative value of the derivative of the energy intensity of the product in terms of productivity, or a decrease in the rate of increase in energy consumption compared to an increase in productivity. It is the dynamic energy intensity E _din that determines this condition.

Thus, for modern conditions, it is an indicator of dynamic energy intensity and an indicator of changes in energy intensity of products in dynamics that are the main indicator of energy efficiency and energy saving.

Introduction to the consideration in this invention of the concept of dynamic energy intensity makes it possible in dynamics to analyze the energy-technological situation for management, to identify trends in the energy intensity of products and to carry out an energy-technology assessment of the emerging dynamics when the productivity of the unit or the whole production changes. This, in turn, provides energy operators and technologists with the necessary information related to the assessment of the current situation on the use of energy resources, and provides a timely selection of the necessary measures to eliminate the overspending of energy resources, to identify the sources (bottlenecks) of this overspending.

With frequent changes in the product mix, the conditional productivity R _sr is introduced into consideration, determined by known methods as

where K _Tr - the complexity factor of this product range.

In the proposed system, the main observable parameters are aggregate productivity P or conditional productivity (when changing the product mix) P _condition and energy costs or through energy costs, defined as dynamic characteristics when these values change. A step-by-step (discrete) mode of evaluating these parameters in dynamics is adopted. In addition to the amount of energy, expressed in price form or in energy units, its private components can also be used - energy costs prevailing in this process, for example, the energy consumption E _el , the consumption of natural gas and other individual energy sources, as well as individual components of material costs .

The implementation of this control system is carried out in the “adviser” mode of the operator. The dynamics that take shape during the operation of the unit and production are evaluated and their energy technology rating is carried out. This dynamic is assigned a certain gradation. These gradations are aimed at an objective, accessible to the managing operator, assessment of the current situation, depending on the ratio of changes in productivity and energy intensity.

In accordance with the considered concepts of dynamic energy intensity, in all cases, the best estimate is the dynamics at which the energy intensity of the product decreases. On the contrary, the dynamics with increasing energy intensity of products is considered unfavorable. An exception is dynamics when productivity decreases, in which the energy intensity of products can naturally increase.

In accordance with equation (3), the basis of the dynamic energy intensity is the derivative of the energy consumption in the production of products by productivity. In practical terms, the quantities included in this derivative are replaced by increments of these quantities over a certain period of time. The energy management system monitors the increment of energy consumption of production ΔEP = ΔE and productivity ΔР and for a certain period of time compares these increments by dividing ΔEP by ΔР with determining the dynamic energy intensity

The value of ΔE is represented both by the consumption of energy carriers ΔE _r and through energy costs for the production of products ΔE _e . At the same time, the advantage of estimating end-to-end energy costs is taking into account the consumption of not only all energy carriers, but also the consumption of material resources from the standpoint of their energy intensity [3-5].

In accordance with the data of [7, 8], the dynamic energy intensity of E _din obtained in this case is used to estimate the energy dynamics of the object required by the operator for control.

For example, in accordance with [8], with increasing and decreasing productivity, these estimates can be presented in Table 1, in which the corresponding increments are presented as a percentage of the previous values. The table shows that with an increase in productivity, it is necessary to relatively reduce the corresponding increments in the energy consumption of products, and with a decrease in productivity, increase the decrease in energy consumption.

Table 1
Assessment of the energy dynamics of control objects Values Energy Dynamics Assessment E _din + ΔР -ΔP Up to 0.4 Successful Unfavorable 0.4-0.7 Normative Normative 0.7-1.0 Worsening Improving > 1.0 Unfavorable Successful

Figure 2 presents the device that implements this system. It contains: energy technology management object 1; definition blocks: energy costs 2, end-to-end energy costs 3 and productivity 4; unit for setting the time of increments of energy carrier expenditures, end-to-end energy inputs and productivity 5; increment blocks: energy costs 6, end-to-end energy costs 7 and productivity 8; dynamic energy intensity unit for energy costs 9; dynamic energy intensity unit for end-to-end energy consumption 10; a unit for evaluating the control object for energy consumption 11, a unit for evaluating the control object for end-to-end energy consumption 12, a unit for a monitor-adviser to the operator 13, a control unit for the operator 14 and an automated control unit for the object 15.

The device operates as follows. In blocks 2, 3 and 4, respectively, the energy costs, through energy costs and the output of the control object 1 are determined. Block 5 determines the time to determine the energy costs, through energy costs and the output of the product and the corresponding increments of these parameters for a certain period of time (determined by the block operator management 14). In blocks 6, 7 and 8, increments are determined for a given period of time, respectively, of energy consumption ΔE _p , through-through energy consumption ΔE _e and productivity ΔP as a percentage of the previous time.

In block 9, in accordance with formula (5), the dynamic energy intensity of the control object for the consumption of energy resources is determined

In block 10, also in accordance with formula (5), the dynamic energy consumption of the control object for through energy costs is determined

The increments ΔE _p , ΔE _e and ΔP are expressed as a percentage of the previous value.

In blocks 11 and 12, the control object is evaluated according to energy costs and through energy costs in accordance with Table 1.

This information is sent to the block - monitor-adviser operator 13 to provide estimates of the dynamics of energy consumption to the operator. The operator, using the operator’s control unit 14, uses the obtained information about the energy dynamics of the control object for making decisions and the corresponding impact on the control object using the automated control unit of the object 15.

Block 7 defines both the end-to-end energy consumption of output and their individual components (by type of energy and material resources).

An example of the implementation of an energy management system

The object of control (block 1) is the workshop for the production of cold rolled transformer steel (CCP). When determining the costs of energy carriers and end-to-end energy costs, it is customary to express these values in kg equivalent

In block 5, the time for determining the increment of energy costs, through energy costs and productivity is set to 1 hour. At a certain point in time, block 2 defines the energy consumption: in this case, this is the energy consumption of 15180 kg equivalent / h.

Block 3 defines the end-to-end energy consumption E _e taking into account the energy consumption of expenses: primary energy E ₁ (in this case there is no E ₁ = 0), derivative energy carriers E ₂ (in this case: heat energy (steam), compressed air, water: clean general workshop , dirty general shop, chemically cleaned, make-up, chemo-desalted), through energy carriers E ₃ (in this case, the materials used are sulfuric acid, gumming, technological lubricant, oxides of magnesium, calcium, magnesium sulfate, insulating solution, phosphoric acid, hydroxide aluminum, electrical insulating varnish, materials for packaging), electricity consumption of secondary energy resources E ₄ (in this case it is recycled water, heat from oil waste burning).

Calculation of end-to-end energy consumption E _e in block 3 is carried out according to the formula

according to the technique presented in [3-5].

As follows from formula (8), the advantage of estimating end-to-end energy costs is taking into account both energy and material costs.

This value is determined at a certain point in time equal to (without taking into account the energy intensity of the tackle) E _e = 30160 kg equivalent / h.

In block 4, at a certain point in time, the output of transformer steel P = 20 t / h is also determined.

Consider the various options for energy management.

1. After 1 hour of time in blocks 6, 7 and 8, the increments for a given period of time are determined - 1 hour, respectively, power consumption - by + 10%, through energy costs - by + 12% and productivity - by + 20%.

In block 9, the dynamic energy intensity of the control object for the consumption of energy resources (electricity) is determined by formula (6)

In block 10, the dynamic energy intensity of the control object through end-to-end energy costs is determined by formula (7)

In blocks 11 and 12, the control object was evaluated for dynamic energy intensity in accordance with Table 1, as “normative”, both for calculating electricity and for through-through energy costs. This information is transmitted to the monitor-adviser 13 and then to the operator control unit 14. In this embodiment, in connection with the normative assessment of the dynamics of energy intensity, it is not necessary to carry out any actions on the control object through block 15.

2. After a certain time, in blocks 6, 7 and 8 are determined for a given period of time - 1 hour increment, respectively, of electricity consumption by 12%, through energy consumption by 13% and productivity by 10%.

In block 9, the dynamic energy intensity of the control object for the consumption of energy resources (electricity) is determined by formula (6)

In block 10, the dynamic energy intensity of the control object through end-to-end energy costs is determined by formula (7)

In blocks 11 and 12, the control object was assessed for dynamic energy intensity in accordance with Table 1 as “unfavorable” in terms of energy consumption and through energy costs, respectively. This information is transmitted to the monitor-adviser 13 and then to the operator control unit 14. In this case, there is a relative significant cost overrun of both electric power and the amount of through energy costs. The operator through the control unit 14 and the automated control unit of the facility 15 using blocks 2 and 3, 6 and 7 determines the source of energy overruns (in this case, first of all, electricity) and takes measures provided by the technological instruction to reduce the costs of the corresponding energy and material resources.

3. After a certain time, in blocks 6, 7 and 8, for a given period of time, 1 hour increments in the energy consumption, respectively, by –2%, through energy costs –– 3% and productivity –– 10%, are determined.

In block 9, the dynamic energy intensity of the control object for the consumption of energy resources (electricity) is determined by formula (6)

In block 10 according to formula (7), the dynamic energy intensity of the control object for through energy costs is determined

In blocks 11 and 12, the assessment of the control object by dynamic energy intensity is determined in accordance with table. 1, as well as “unfavorable”, respectively, in terms of energy consumption and through energy costs. This information received through the monitor-adviser 13 to the operator control unit 14, as well as in the previous case, indicates a relative significant cost overrun of both electricity and end-to-end energy consumption. Using the blocks 2 and 3, 6 and 7, the operator determines the sources of over-expenditure of energy and material resources and, through blocks 14 and 15, takes the measures provided for by the technological instruction to reduce these costs.

The use of this system provides in an advisor mode an operational assessment of the dynamics of energy consumption, which allows the operator to reasonably determine the sources of possible energy and material resources overruns in pace with the process (in real time) and to respond in a timely manner to a changing environment, taking appropriate energy-saving measures when necessary.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Gurtovtsev A.P. Integrated automation of accounting and control of electricity and electric carriers at industrial enterprises and their business entities. Chapter 1. Energy metering: yesterday, today, tomorrow // Industrial heat power engineering. 2000, No. 4, pp. 20-27.

2. Nikiforov G.V., Zaslavets B.I. Energy saving at metallurgical enterprises. Magnitogorsk: MSTU, 2000, 273 p.

3. Lisienko V. G., Schelokov Y. M., Ladygichev M. G. The anthology of energy conservation. Reference edition in 2 books. T.1. / Ed. V.G. Lisienko. Ed. 2nd stereotypical. M .: Teploenergetik, 2005, 688 p.

4. Lisienko V.G., Schelokov Y.M., Rozin S.E., Druzhinina O.G. Methodology and information support of end-to-end energy analysis. Yekaterinburg: USTU, 2001 .-- 98 p.

5. GOST R 51750-2001. Energy saving. The methodology for determining the energy intensity in the production of products and the provision of services in technological energy systems. General Provisions

6. GOST R 51749-2001. Energy saving. Power consuming equipment for general industrial use. Kinds. Types. Groups. Energy Efficiency Indicators. Identification.

7. Lisienko V.G., Schelokov Y.M., Ladygichev M.G. Melting units: heat engineering, management and ecology. Reference edition: in 4 books. Book 1. / Ed. V.G. Lisienko. - M.: Heat engineer. 2005 .-- 768 p.

8. Danilov N.I., Lisienko V.G., Schelokov Y.M. Dynamic energy intensity and its analysis. Resources, technology, economics. 2005, No. 5, p. 43-48.

Claims (1)

An energy management system including a control object, an energy consumption determination unit, an end-to-end energy consumption determination unit, a performance determination unit, wherein the outputs of a control object are connected to inputs of an energy consumption determination unit, an end-to-end energy consumption determination unit and a performance determination unit, and also including a series-connected unit operator control and automated object control unit, while the output of the latter is connected to the input at the control object, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with units for determining increments in energy consumption, through energy costs and productivity, a dynamic energy intensity unit for energy consumption, a dynamic energy intensity unit and through energy consumption, an evaluation unit for a control object for energy consumption and an evaluation unit for a control object for end-to-end energy consumption , by a block of a monitor-adviser of an operator, by a block of a dial of a dial of time increments, while The inputs are connected to the inputs of the unit for determining energy costs, the unit for determining end-to-end energy consumption and the unit for determining performance, the outputs of the unit for determining energy consumption, the unit for determining end-to-end energy consumption and the unit for determining performance are connected to the inputs of the units of corresponding increments, the outputs of the unit for incrementing energy consumption and the unit for increasing performance are connected to the input of the dynamic energy intensity unit for energy consumption, the outputs of the SLE increment block oznogo energy consumption and increment of productivity are connected to the input of the dynamic energy consumption unit for through energy consumption, the outputs of the dynamic energy unit for energy consumption, the dynamic energy unit for through energy consumption are connected respectively to the inputs of the unit for evaluating the control object for energy consumption and the unit for evaluating the control object for end-to-end energy consumption, outputs blocks of the assessment of the control object for energy costs and through energy costs are connected to the input at the monitor unit - an adviser to the operator, the output of which is connected to the input of the unit for automated control of the object.

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