RU2314485C1 - Plant for grinding of ballistic powder charges - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: salvaging of ballistic powder charges.

SUBSTANCE: the plant has a frame, loading center, cutting center made of two blocks: a fixed block with thin plate knives located in parallel with one another with a definite pitch, and a movable block in the form of a cross-shaped bush with blocks of knives fastened on its levers, notching and cutting ones alternating on different levers, unloading center with a replaceable clamping disk for feeding the articles in the horizontal plane to the cutting center. The frame is made in the form of a bath with the loading center installed inside it, it is made in the form of a portable rest having fixed screw supports, and a container-cradle for charges of various diameters and configuration for their centering relative to the cutting center located on it. The fixed part of the cutting center at the outlet is provided with a replaceable stop for fixing the charge ends at cutting by the movable knives. Its knives are fastened in a set of rectangular frames with a shift in each frame by half a pitch, installed in the guide grooves positioned on the lateral walls inside the bath. The cross-shaped bush of the movable block of the acting center is installed on a shaft placed above the bath in the horizontal plane and coupled to the electric drive.

EFFECT: produced a plant with an enhanced capacity and improved conditions for its service.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of disposal of supplementary charges (checkers) from ballistic gunpowders and to the production of conversion industrial explosives (PVV) from them.

Known planer designed for grinding checkers from ballistic gunpowder into chips.

The machine consists of a receiving chamber (rectangular groove), at one end of which a drum with a diameter of 670 mm and a length of 520 mm is installed, rotating at a speed of 55 rpm. The drum has 24 incisors. At the opposite end of the chamber, at its end, there is a hydraulic cylinder, to the rod of which a clamping disk is attached. Between the drum and the pressure disk, a powder checker is placed in the chamber, the dimensions of which can reach up to 480 mm in diameter and up to 2000 mm in length. Several (packet) of the same type of checkers with a set of height and length not exceeding these sizes can be stacked in the chamber.

After laying the checkers, water is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, and under the influence of the created pressure, the pusher abuts against the checker end and its advancement starts at a speed of 0.1-0.4 m / min, the checker is pressed against the cutting drum. The cutters fixed on it chop the end of the checker into small chips. Electric motor power N 25 kW.

To ensure safety when cutting with the rotation of the drum, the water supply automatically turns on, which cools the cutting tool. The size of the chips is controlled by the feed rate of the powder to the cutters. The centrifugal force of the drum discharges the resulting chips of various fractional composition down into the estrus bunker, from where it is transferred by the conveyor to the next phase. (See Smirnov L.A., Tinkov O.V. "Conversion", Part V, "Conversion Industrial Explosives". Min. General and Professional Education. Moscow State University of Environmental Engineering, Moscow, 1998, p. 137 )

The disadvantages of this machine include the fact that it, crushing charges into chips of arbitrary large and small sizes, does not allow to obtain granules of about 2 × 2 × 2 mm in size, which, when further processed into PVW, increase the detonation ability of bulk explosive charges.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect to the proposed installation for grinding charges from ballistic gunpowder is a vertical installation containing a bed, a loading unit, a pressing unit and a cutting unit with a drive, as well as an unloading unit. In it, the loading unit is made in the form of a cartridge connected to the bed and consisting of several cylindrical molds arranged around a circle and rigidly interconnected, each of them has a slot along its generatrix from the side of the center of the circle along which the pressing unit is made, made in the form a power screw with a nut having sliding levers according to the number of molds passing through the slots inside the molds and connected with the upper end to the drive for rotation. The cutting unit is made of 2 blocks: fixed, located in the lower part of each mold and consisting of thin plate flat knives placed in a clip in 2 rows parallel to each other, offset relative to each other by half a step between the knives and directed in each mold to the center cartridge, and a movable cutting unit, made in the form of a cross-shaped sleeve, rigidly connected with a power screw, on the levers of which are fixed blocks of knives, notched and detachable, alternating between each other. (See the patent of Russia No. 2210728 C2 from 08.22.2000, IPC C06B 21/00 - prototype).

The disadvantage of this installation is cumbersome, difficult to maintain, the use of manual labor when loading products, the inability to grind products of various sizes on the installation, the need to place the installation in high production rooms, low productivity.

The technical task of the invention is the creation of an installation for grinding charges from ballistic gunpowders of various sizes and increasing its productivity.

This goal is achieved in that the installation for grinding charges from ballistic gunpowder, including a bed, a loading unit, a cutting unit made of two blocks: a stationary one, including thin plate knives placed parallel to each other with a certain step, and a movable cutting unit made in in the form of a cross-shaped sleeve, on the levers of which are fixed blocks of knives, notch and detachable, alternating on different levers, and an unloading unit, equipped with a feed unit with a removable clamping disk for feeding products horizontally of the surface of the plane to the cutting unit, the bed is made in the form of a bath, inside which there is a loading unit made in the form of a portable stand having fixed screw supports and a lodging container placed on it under charges of various diameters and configurations for centering them relative to the cutting unit, the fixed part the cutting unit at the exit is equipped with a removable stop for fixing the ends of the charges when cutting with movable knives, and its knives are fixed in a set of rectangular frames with a half-step offset in each frame installed in cutting grooves located on the side walls inside the bathtub, and the cruciform sleeve of the movable block of the cutting unit is mounted on a shaft located above the bathtub in a horizontal plane and connected to the electric drive.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 schematically shows an apparatus for grinding charges from ballistic powders, side view; figure 2 is a plan view; figure 3 is the same, section aa; figure 4 is the same, a section bB.

The installation comprises a bed 1, made in the form of a bath, inside which a portable stand 2 is installed, having fixed screw supports 3 for adjusting it in height. A removable lodgement container 4 is placed on it, varying depending on the diameter of the product or the number of simultaneously processed charges of small diameter. In the upper part of the stand are eyebolts 5 for transportation by means of lifting vehicles. A feed unit 6 is mounted on the end wall of the bath for pushing the product through the fixed knives, which is a hydraulic cylinder, on the rod of which a removable clamping disk 7 is fixed. On the side walls inside the bath there are guide grooves 8, which allow the installation of frames 9 with fixed plate ones fixed in them knives 10, placed at different steps depending on the size of the granules, and a removable stop 11 for supporting the end of the product when cutting them with movable knives, the hole in which is dimensioned and configured accordingly there is a contour of the processed products in the container-bed 4 with the possibility of height adjustment and providing support to the ends of the processed products when cutting it (or them) with movable notch knives 12, made in the form of a comb-shaped block of plates with a sawtooth tooth and a block with detachable plate knives 13 mounted alternately on the levers of the cross-shaped sleeve 14, mounted on a shaft mounted on the supports 15 in a horizontal position located above the bath and connected through the pulleys 16 and the V-belt 17 th transmission electric. The cross-shaped sleeve with movable levers with notched and levers with detachable knives is closed by a casing 18. In this part of the bath, under the movable knives there is an unloading pipe 19 and a pipe 20 connecting both parts of the bath, and the bottom in this part of the bath is curved along the radius for better discharge of granules at pumping into a sump to separate the granules from the water.

Installation for grinding charges works as follows.

The product (charge) with the help of a hoist in a removable container-bed 4 is transported from the pre-heating section of the checkers (checkers) to 85 ± 10 ° C to the bed 1 in the form of a bath, which is pre-filled with hot water from t = 80-85 ° C to the level ensuring full immersion of the product. The lodgement 4 is installed in a height-adjusted stand 2. Then, the electric rotation drive in the vertical plane of the movable knives 12 and the cutting blade knives 13, mounted alternately on the levers of the cross-shaped sleeve 14, and the feed unit 6, made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder that moves the product in horizontal the plane.

The speed of rotation of the cross-shaped sleeve and the feed rate of the products by the hydraulic cylinder are preliminarily determined by calculation, depending on the given granule sizes. For example, to obtain granules of 2 × 2 × 2 mm, it is necessary to provide rotation with a movable knife of 60 rpm and a feed rate of the product with a hydraulic cylinder of 240 mm / min.

The product moved by the hydraulic cylinder passes through the gaps between the flat knives 10 in the frames 9. The number of frames with knives is selected so that after the last frame with knives the product comes out cut into strips 2 mm thick, located in a vertical plane. With further movement, they pass through the hole in the removable stop 11. Upon leaving the hole, the strips fall under the movable knives placed on the levers of the cross-shaped sleeve 14, which, rotating in the vertical plane, cuts all the strips in the chamber with a notch knife 12 transversely, forming squares on them 2 × 2 mm, and the next lever with a flat cutting knife 13 separates the granules from the product. The granules are picked up by a stream of water pumped through the bath and exiting through the discharge pipe 19, and thus are discharged from the installation, enter the sump, where they are separated from the water, and then go for further processing.

The performance of the installation when grinding products heated to 80-85 ° C increases several times, the aqueous medium increases the safety during operation of the installation.

The introduction of this installation into the industry will make it possible to dispose of charged and environmentally hazardous charges from ballistic gunpowders, which will improve the ecology at the locations of these charges and obtain the necessary products for the national economy (explosives).

In addition, the location of this installation design in a horizontal position expands the possibility of its application, significantly improves working conditions and its maintenance, and also increases the productivity of processing charges from ballistic gunpowders, which will generally affect the saving of labor and energy resources.

Claims (1)

Installation for grinding charges from ballistic gunpowders, including a bed, a loading unit, a cutting unit made of two blocks: a stationary one, including thin plate knives placed parallel to each other with a certain step, and a movable cutting unit made in the form of a cross-shaped sleeve, on the levers which fixed blocks of knives, notch and detachable, alternating on different levers, and the unloading unit, characterized in that it is equipped with a node with a removable clamping disk for feeding products in a horizontal plane n the cutting unit, the bed is made in the form of a bath, inside which the loading unit is installed, made in the form of a portable stand having fixed screw supports, and a lodging container placed on it under charges of various diameters and configurations for centering them relative to the cutting unit, the stationary cutting unit on the outlet is equipped with a removable stop for fixing the ends of the charges when cutting with movable knives, and its knives are fixed in a set of rectangular frames with a half-step offset in each frame, while the frames are installed in the groove guides x on the side walls inside the bathtub, and the cross-shaped sleeve of the movable block of the cutting unit is mounted on a shaft located above the bathtub in a horizontal plane and connected to the electric drive.

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