RU2500978C1 - Grinder of ballistic powder and tnt charges - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: proposed grinder comprises bed, loader composed of bin with flute, cutting assy with inserts and cooling assy. Cutting assy is arranged inside said bin and comprises disc with diametrical slots. Angle between axes of the latter makes 60 degrees, hoggers being arranged between said slots at equal spacing there between. Said hoggers are shifted relative to each other and bolted in place. Coolant is fed via pipeline and nozzles arranged at bin and cover side surfaces and composed of nonferrous sleeves with conical cutout and arranged at right angle to each other and at 45 degrees to vertical and horizontal axes. Root flame angle makes 45-60 degrees and is located in one plane with cutting plane.

EFFECT: higher safety and efficiency.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of disposal of charges (drafts) from ballistic powders with their subsequent processing into industrial conversion substances.

A known installation for grinding tubular powder containing a loading unit, a grinding unit consisting of two rolls equipped with teeth mounted rotatably towards each other, a drive, an unloading unit for ground powder, in the form of a hopper and a removable perforated container, and an irrigation unit for grinding the grinding zone , consisting of a pipe with a perforated section above the grinding zone and a pump connecting the pipe to the hopper of the unloading unit (RF patent No. 2102364, C06B 21/00, 1998).

However, this installation has an insufficiently high degree of safety against gunpowder ignition due to the fact that irrigation of gunpowder with a non-combustible liquid is not reliable (tubular gunpowder).

A known production line for the disposal of gunpowder and solid rocket fuels (options (patent RU 2183605, СВВ 21/00, 2001), in which, according to the second embodiment, the cutting machine ART-10P is used as a unit for coarse grinding of ballistic tubular gunpowder, for coarse grinding of solid rocket fuel milling or turning machine, and pyroxylin tubular gunpowder cutting machine RS-PP.

The principle of cutting is based on cutting underwater tubes of ballistic gunpowder with circular knives along the entire length, which at the time of cutting should be heated to a temperature of 60 ° C. As you move, the cords are heated with hot water and cut into pellets with circular knives. Steam and hot water are used as a heat carrier.

The use of heating during grinding significantly increases the danger of the grinding process.

An installation for grinding charges from ballistic powders can be considered as an analogue. This installation contains a bed, a loading unit, a cutting unit, consisting of two blocks of movable with thin plate knives, placed parallel to each other with a certain step, and a movable cutting block in the form of a cross-shaped sleeve, on the levers of which are fixed blocks of knives, notched and detachable, alternating on different levers, the unloading unit and the feed unit with a removable clamping disk for feeding products (patent RU No. 2314485, F42B 33/06, 2006).

The disadvantages of this installation is: a small diameter of the processed charges, the installation operates in water at a temperature of (85-90) ° C, which significantly reduces the safety and reliability of the installation,

As a prototype, a planing machine was selected for grinding pieces from ballistic gunpowder into chips (Smirnov L.A., Tinkov O.V. “Conversion of Part 5.“ Conversion Industrial Explosives ”. M.: Moscow State University of Economics and Economics, 1998. - S.137).

The machine consists of a receiving chamber (rectangular groove) at one end of which a drum with a diameter of 670 mm and a length of 520 mm is installed, rotating at a speed of 55 rpm. The drum has 24 incisors. At the opposite end of the chamber, at its end there is a hydraulic cylinder, to the rod of which a clamping disk is attached. A powder checker is placed between the drum and the pressure disk, the dimensions of which can reach up to 480 mm in diameter and 2000 mm long. Several (pack) of the same type of checkers with a set in height and length not exceeding the above dimensions can be stacked in the chamber.

After laying the checkers, water is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, and under the influence of the created pressure, the pusher abuts against the checker end and its advancement begins, while at the same time the checker is pressed against the cutting drum. The cutters fixed on it chop the end of the checker into small chips. To ensure safety when cutting with the rotation of the drum, water is turned on, which cools the cutting tool. The centrifugal force of the drum discharges the resulting chips of various fractional composition downstream of the hopper estrus, from where it is conveyed to the next phase by a conveyor.

The disadvantages of this installation include the fact that it crushes charges into chips of arbitrary sizes (both large and small), the impossibility of grinding charges from ballistic gunpowders of various sizes, low productivity and safety.

When processing conversion ballistic gunpowder, certain difficulties arise associated with the inherent gunpowder with a long shelf life of physical and chemical instability, for example, exudation, the release of nitrogen oxides. Particularly dangerous are cutting and grinding operations, which pose the greatest threat to the ignition and detonation of processed ballistic powders and fuels.

The technical task of the invention is the creation of an installation for grinding charges from ballistic powders of various sizes, with high safety and performance.

The stated technical problem is achieved in that the installation for grinding charges from ballistic gunpowder contains a bed, a loading unit consisting of a hopper with a groove, a cutting unit with cutting plates, a cooling unit, a cutting unit placed inside the hopper, contains a disk with diametrical grooves, the angle between the axes grooves is 60 °, inside of which fast-cutting tools are installed on the planks as cutting inserts, located at an equal distance from each other, and on each subsequent plank the cutters are installed with an offset As compared to the previous ones and bolted, the cooling agent is piped through nozzles located on the side surface of the hopper and the cover, made in the form of non-ferrous metal bushings with a conical slot, and installed at right angles to each other and at an angle of 45 ° relative to the vertical and horizontal axes, while the root angle of the spray jet is (45 ... 60) ° and is in the same plane as the cutting plane.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1. Schematically depicted Installation for grinding charges from ballistic gunpowder and TRT, 1 - lathe, 2 - disk with cutters, 3 - nozzle, 4 - hopper, 5 - guides, 6 - powder checkers, 7-supports, 8 - hopper chute, 9 - bed of the lathe.

Figure 2 shows the disk (2) with grooves for the cutters mounted inside the hopper (4), on the lid of which there are mounted nozzles (3) in a certain way.

Figure 3 shows a strip with quick-cuts installed at a certain distance from each other.

The installation is a hopper (4) with an inclined trough (8) and a cover. Inside the hopper (4) there is a disk with cutters installed in it. The speed of rotation of the disk with cutters is (45 ... 65) rpm As a cutting tool, we use cutters with mechanical fastening of carbide inserts (quick-cuts). Moreover, on each subsequent cutter there is a displacement of the plates relative to the previous ones, ensuring the overlap of the entire end surface of the BRTT checker. The cutters are installed in special grooves made on the disk with a width of 20 mm and a depth of 15 mm. Between the axes of the grooves a constant angle of 60 °. After installation, the cutters are fixed with bolts. Perpendicular to the disk, one or more (up to 4) guides are installed, depending on the diameter of the checkers.

The cooling agent is supplied to the zone through the pipeline through nozzles under pressure (1.5 ... 5) atm. The nozzles are made of non-ferrous metal for safety, have a conical slot that provides the formation of a flat spray torch, and are mounted on the lid and side surfaces of the hopper. The nozzles are installed at an angle of 90 relative to each other, and at an angle of 45 ° relative to the vertical and horizontal axes. The root spray angle is (45 ... 60) °. The spray torch is in the same plane as the cut plane.

Installation works as follows.

Powder blocks (6) are installed in the guides (5), rigidly fixed in the hopper (4). To the ends of the powder checkers, cylindrical stops with tips, mounted on a support of a lathe, are brought. The axes of the powder checkers coincide with the axes of the stops.

Turn on the drive of the lathe (1), while the disk with cutters (2) begins to rotate inside the hopper (4). Coolant is supplied to the cutting zone through nozzles (3) mounted on the lid and side surfaces of the hopper. The progressive movement of the powder checkers to the cutting tool is provided by turning on the longitudinal automatic feed of the lathe support. In the hopper (4), the grinding of powder bombs occurs. The resulting powder mass through the hopper of the hopper enters the filtration unit.

To prevent contact of the stops with the cutting disc, a limit switch is installed on the bed of the lathe, which stops the feed and returns the support of the lathe to its original position. The optimal grinding regime of powder checkers (feed rate, cutting disc rotation speed, number and geometrical parameters of the cutters), which ensure the production of powder mass with specified dimensions, is established based on the optimal conditions for safe cutting of checkers of this size ..

This installation allows you to grind charges from ballistic gunpowder and TPT of various sizes, has high safety and performance.

Claims (1)

Installation for grinding charges from ballistic powders and solid rocket fuel contains a bed, a loading unit containing a hopper with a groove, a cutting unit with cutting plates, a cooling unit, characterized in that the cutting unit is located inside the hopper and contains a disk with diametrical grooves, the angle between the axes grooves is 60 °, inside of which fast-cutting tools are installed on the strips as cutting inserts, located at an equal distance from each other, and on each subsequent strip the cutters are installed with an offset of of the previous ones and bolted, the cooling agent is piped through nozzles located on the side of the hopper and lid, made in the form of bushings of non-ferrous metal with a conical slot, and installed at right angles to each other, and at an angle of 45 ° relative to the vertical and horizontal axes, while the root angle of the spray jet is (45 ... 60) ° and is in the same plane as the cutting plane.

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