RU2313911C1 - Electronic reconnaissance station - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, possible conduction of electronic reconnaissance of radio-electronic devices of possible opponent (radiolocation stations, communication and management radio lines, etc).

SUBSTANCE: electronic reconnaissance station contains antenna device, receiver, direction-finding device, analyzer of parameters of received signal, device for memorizing and processing received information, telemetric device and control station receiver, where receiver contains receiving antenna, adjustment block, first and second heterodynes, first and second mixers, amplifier of first intermediate frequency, detector, delay line, key and amplifier of second intermediate frequency, direction-finding device contains receiving antennas, mixers, amplifiers of first intermediate frequency, motor, supporting generator, multipliers, narrowband filters, phase detector, two phase meters, telemetric device contains set-point generator, generator of analog messages, analog scrambler, amplitude modulator, generator of discontinuous messages, digital scrambler, phase manipulator, power amplifier and transmitting antenna, control station receiver contains receiving antenna, high frequency amplifier, heterodyne, mixer, intermediate frequency amplifier, amplitude limiter, synchronous detector, analog descrambler, registration and analysis block, demodulator of phase-manipulated signals, multipliers, narrowband filter, low frequency filter and digital descrambler.

EFFECT: increased trustworthiness of transmission of analog and digital information from onboard a helicopter to control station by protecting it from unsanctioned access and using complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation.

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Description

The proposed station belongs to the field of radio engineering and allows radio-technical reconnaissance of radio-electronic means (RES) of a potential enemy (radar, radio communication and control lines, etc.).

Known stations and systems for radio-technical reconnaissance of radiations of RES of a potential adversary (RF patents Nos. 2.150.178, 2.275.746; US patents Nos. 3.806.926, 3.891.989, 3.896.439; German patent No. 3.346.155; UK patent No. 1.587 .357; French patent No. 2,447.041; Vakin S.A., Shustov L.N. Fundamentals of radio counteraction and electronic intelligence. M: Sov. Radio, 1968, p. 382, Fig. 10.2, etc.)

Of the known stations and systems closest to the proposed one is the "Radio intelligence station" (RF patent No. 2.275.746, H 04 K 3/00, 2004), which is selected as a prototype.

The specified station contains an antenna device, a receiver, a direction-finding device, an analyzer of the parameters of the received signal, a device for storing and processing the received information, a telemetry device, receiving antennas, a tuner, two local oscillators, four mixers, three amplifiers of the first intermediate frequency, a detector, two delay lines, a key, a second intermediate-frequency amplifier, three multipliers, three narrow-band filters, a phase detector, two phase meters, an engine and a reference generator.

A disadvantage of the known station is the low reliability of the transmission of analog and discrete information from the helicopter to the control point.

An object of the invention is to increase the reliability of the transmission of analog and discrete information from the helicopter to the control point by protecting it from unauthorized access and using complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase shift keying.

The problem is solved in that the radio intelligence station, containing, in accordance with the closest analogue, a series-connected antenna device, a receiver, an analyzer of parameters of the received signal, a device for storing and processing the received information, the second input of which is connected to the output of the receiver through a direction finding device, and a telemetry device, the receiver is made in the form of a series-connected receiving antenna, a first mixer, the second input of which through the first local oscillator with connected to the output of the tuning unit, the amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the detector, the second input of which is connected to its output through the first delay line, the key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the second mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, and an amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, the output of which is the output of the receiver, the control input of the tuning unit is connected to the output of the detector, the direction-finding device is made in the form of two bearings channels, each of which consists of a series-connected receiving antenna, a mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator, an amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, a multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, and a narrow-band filter, to the output of the first narrow-band the filter is connected in series with a third multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second narrow-band filter, the third narrow-band filter and the first phase meter, to the output of the second of the second narrow-band filter, a second delay line is connected in series, a phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second narrow-band filter, and a second phase meter, the second inputs of the phase meters are connected to the output of the reference generator, and the outputs are connected to a device for storing and processing the received information, the antenna device contains three receiving antennas, the receiving antenna of the receiver is located above the rotor hub of the helicopter, the receiving antennas of the direction-finding device are located at the ends of the rotor blades of the vert toleta, the engine is kinematically connected with the helicopter rotor and the reference generator, characterized in that the telemetry device is made in the form of analogue message generator, analog scrambler, amplitude modulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the master oscillator, connected in series to the first output of the device for storing and processing the received information , phase manipulator, power amplifier and transmitting antenna, connected in series to the second output of the memory device and The processing of the received information of the discrete message shaper and the digital scrambler, the output of which is connected to the second input of the phase manipulator, the transmitting antenna of the telemetry device is located above the helicopter rotor hub, the control point receiver is made in the form of a receiving antenna, a high frequency amplifier, a mixer, the second input of which is connected with the output of the local oscillator, an intermediate frequency amplifier, an amplitude limiter, a synchronous detector, the second input of which is connected to the output m of an intermediate frequency amplifier, an analog descrambler and a recording and analysis unit connected in series to the output of the amplitude limiter, the first multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the low-pass filter, narrow-band filter, the second multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplitude limiter, lower filter frequencies and a digital descrambler, the output of which is connected to the second input of the recording and analysis unit.

The structural diagram of the proposed radio intelligence station is presented in figure 1. The block diagram of the receiver of the receiving point is presented in figure 2. The geometric arrangement of the receiving antennas on the helicopter is shown in Fig.3. Timing diagrams explaining the operation of the telemetry device and the receiver of the control point are shown in Fig.4.

The radio intelligence station contains serially connected antenna device 1, receiver 2, an analyzer 4 of the parameters of the received signal, a device 5 for storing and processing the received information, the second input of which is connected through the direction finding device 3 to the output of the receiver 2, and a telemetry device 6.

The receiver 2 contains a series-connected receiving antenna 7, a first mixer 12, the second input of which through the first local oscillator 11 is connected to the output of the tuning unit 10, the amplifier 17 of the first intermediate frequency, the detector 20, the second input of which is connected to its output through the first delay line 21, the key 22, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier 17 of the first intermediate frequency, the second mixer 24, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator 23, and the amplifier 25 of the second intermediate frequency, the output of which is the output receiver 2 and connected to the analyzer input signal 4 received parameters.

The direction-finding device 3 contains two direction-finding channels, each of which contains a receiving antenna 8 (9) in series, a mixer 13 (14), the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator 11, an amplifier 18 (19) of the first intermediate frequency, a multiplier 26 (27) , the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier 25 of the second intermediate frequency, and a narrow-band filter 28 (29). At the same time, the third multiplier 30, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second narrow-band filter 29, the third narrow-band filter 32 and the first phase meter 34, are connected in series to the output of the first narrow-band filter 28, and the second delay line 31, phase detector 33 are sequentially connected to the output of the second narrow-band filter 29 , the second input of which is connected to the output of the narrow-band filter 29, and the second phase meter 35. The second inputs of the phase meters 34 and 35 are connected to the output of the reference generator 16, and the outputs are connected to the storage device 5 processing the information received. The antenna device 1 contains three receiving antennas 7-9, the receiving antenna 7 of the receiver 2 is located above the rotor hub of the helicopter, the receiving antennas 8 and 9 of the direction finding device 3 are located at the ends of the rotor blades of the helicopter (Fig. 3). The engine 15 is kinetically connected with the helicopter propeller and the reference generator 16.

The telemetry device 6 is made in the form of analogue message shaper 37, an analog scrambler 38, an amplitude modulator 39, the second input of which is connected to the output of a master oscillator 36, a phase manipulator 42, a power amplifier 43 and transmitting in series with the first output of the device 5 for storing and processing the received information antennas 44 connected in series to the second output of the device 5 for storing and processing the received information; shaper 40 discrete messages and a digital scrambler 41, the output of which is connected to the second input of the phase manipulator 42, the transmitting antenna 44 of the telemetry device 6 is placed above the hub of the helicopter rotor.

The receiver of the control point is made in the form of a series-connected receiving antenna 45, a high-frequency amplifier 46, a mixer 48, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator 47, an intermediate-frequency amplifier 49, an amplitude limiter 50, and a synchronous detector 51, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier 49 an intermediate frequency, an analog descrambler 52 and a recording and analysis unit 53 connected in series to the output of the amplitude limiter 50, the first multiplier 55, the second input of which is connected to the output This filter 58 low-pass, a notch filter 57, a second multiplier 56, a second input coupled to an output of the amplitude limiter 50, filter 58 and lowpass digital descrambler 59 whose output is connected to the second input register 53 and the analysis unit.

Multipliers 55 and 56, a narrow-band filter 57 and a low-pass filter 58 form a demodulator 54 of the phase-shifted signals.

The radio intelligence station operates as follows. The station is located on board a helicopter. The presence of a rotary rotor of the helicopter is used to determine the direction of the radiating RES using an antenna device 1, receiving antennas 8 and 9 of which are located at the ends of the rotor blades (Fig. 3).

Signals received by antennas 7-9, for example, with phase shift keying (PSK)

where U ₁ , U ₂ , U ₃ - amplitude signal RES;

ω _s is the carrier frequency of the RES signal;

φ _c is the initial phase of the RES signal;

T _c is the duration of the RES signal;

± Δω - instability of the carrier frequency of the signal due to various destabilizing factors;

φ _k (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated component of the phase, which displays the law of phase manipulation in accordance with the modulating code;

R is the radius of the circle on which the receiving antennas 8 and 9 are located;

 Ω = 2πR — rotation speed of receiving antennas 8 and 9 around receiving antenna 7 (rotational speed of a helicopter rotor);

α - bearing (azimuth) to the radiating RES,

supplied to first inputs of mixers 12-14, the second inputs of which the voltage is applied to the first local oscillator 11 linearly measured frequency U _G1 (t) = U _D1 · cos (ω t + πγt _r1 ² + φ _{r1) n} 0≤t≤T ,

- скорость изменения частоты гетеродина.Where

- rate of change of the local oscillator frequency.

It should be noted that the search-PSK signal RES enemy in a predetermined frequency band _f D is carried out via adjustment assembly 10, which are periodically with period T _P sawtooth _G1 changes the frequency ω LO 11. As the adjustment unit 10 can be used by the sawtooth generator.

At the output of the mixers 12-14, the voltages of the combination frequencies are generated. The amplifiers 17-19 provide the voltages of the first intermediate frequency:

где

Where

K ₁ - gear ratio of the mixers;

ω _PR1 = ω _with -ω _G1 - the first intermediate frequency;

φ _PR1 = φ _with -φ _G1 .

The voltage U _PR1 (t) from the output of the amplifier 17 of the first intermediate frequency is fed to the input of the detector 20. When a RES signal is detected, a constant voltage appears at the output of the detector 20, which is supplied to the control input of the tuning unit 10, turning it off, to the control input of the key 22, opening it, and to the input of the delay line 21. The key 22 in the initial state is always closed. The delay time τ _{s of} the delay line is selected so that it is possible to fix the detected PSK signal and analyze its parameters.

When you turn off the tuning unit 10 amplifiers 17-19 allocated the following voltages:

.

.

The voltage U _PR4 (t) from the output of the amplifier 17 of the first intermediate frequency through the public key 22 is supplied to the first input of the mixer 24, the second input of which is supplied with the voltage of the second local oscillator 23 with a stable frequency ω _Г2

U _Г2 (t) = U _Г2 · cos (ω _Г2 t + φ _Г2 ).

The voltage of the combination frequencies is generated at the output of the mixer 24. The amplifier 25 emits a voltage of the second intermediate frequency

Where

ω _PR2 = ω _{PR1 -ω G2} - the second intermediate frequency;

φ _PR2 = φ _PR1 -φ _G2 ,

which arrives at the input of the analyzer 4 parameters of the received signal, which determines the duration τ _{e of the} elementary packages from which the QPSK signal is composed, their number N (T _c = N · τ _e ) and the law of phase manipulation.

The voltage U _PR7 (t) from the output of the amplifier 25 of the second intermediate frequency is simultaneously supplied to the second inputs of the multipliers 26 and 27 direction finding channels, the first inputs of which are the voltage U _PR5 (t) and U _PR6 (t) from the outputs of the amplifiers 18 and 19 of the first intermediate frequencies respectively. At the outputs of the multipliers 26 and 27, phase-modulated (FM) voltages are formed at a stable frequency ω _{Г2 of the} second local oscillator:

Where

K ₂ - transmission coefficient of the multipliers, which are allocated by narrow-band filters 28 and 29 with a tuning frequency of ω _n = ω _G2 .

соответствуют диаметрально противоположным расположениям антенн 8 и 9 на концах лопастей несущего винта вертолета относительно приемной антенны 7, размещенной над втулкой винта вертолета.Signs "+" and "-" before the value

correspond to diametrically opposite locations of the antennas 8 and 9 at the ends of the rotor blades of the helicopter relative to the receiving antenna 7 located above the hub of the helicopter rotor.

Therefore, useful information about the bearing α is transferred to the stable frequency ω _{Г2 of the} second local oscillator 23. Therefore, the instability ± Δω of the carrier frequency caused by various destabilizing factors and the type of modulation (manipulation) of the received RES signal do not affect the direction finding result, thereby increasing the accuracy of positioning RES.

и называемая индексом фазовой модуляции, характеризует максимальное значение отклонения фазы сигналов, принимаемых вращающимися антеннами 8 и 9 относительно фазы сигнала, принимаемого неподвижной антенной 7.Moreover, the value that is part of these fluctuations

and called the phase modulation index, characterizes the maximum phase deviation of the signals received by the rotating antennas 8 and 9 relative to the phase of the signal received by the fixed antenna 7.

The direction-finding device 3 is the more sensitive to a change in the angle α, the larger the relative size of the measuring phase R / λ. However, with increasing R / λ, the value of the angular coordinate α decreases, at which the phase difference exceeds 2π, i.e. ambiguity of reading the angle α occurs.

наступает неоднозначность отсчета угла α. Устранение указанной неоднозначности путем уменьшения соотношения R/λ обычно себя не оправдывает, так как при этом теряется основное достоинство широкобазовой системы. Кроме того, в диапазоне метровых и особенно дециметровых волн брать малые значения R/λ часто не удается из-за конструктивных соображений.Therefore, for

ambiguity of reading the angle α occurs. The elimination of this ambiguity by reducing the R / λ ratio usually does not justify itself, since the main advantage of a wide-base system is lost. In addition, in the range of meter and especially decimeter waves, it is often not possible to take small values of R / λ due to design considerations.

In order to increase the accuracy of direction finding of RES in the horizontal (azimuthal) plane, receiving antennas 8 and 9 are located at the ends of the rotor blades of the helicopter. The mixing of signals from two diametrically opposite receiving antennas 8 and 9, located at the same distance R from the axis of rotation of the rotor, causes phase modulation, obtained using one receiving antenna rotating in a circle whose radius R is two times larger (R ₁ = 2R )

Indeed, the output of the multiplier 30 produces a harmonic voltage U ₆ (t) = U ₆ · cos (Ω-α), 0≤t≤T _c ,

Where

with phase modulation index

which is allocated by a narrow-band filter 32 and fed to the first input of the phasemeter 34, the second input of which is supplied with the voltage of the reference oscillator 16

U ₀ (t) = U ₀ cos Ωt.

The phasometer 34 provides an accurate but ambiguous measurement of the angular coordinate α.

To eliminate the ambiguity in reading the angle α, it is necessary to reduce the phase modulation index without decreasing the R / λ ratio. This is achieved by using an autocorrelator consisting of a delay line 31 and a phase detector 33, which is equivalent to reducing the phase modulation index to

where d ₁ <R.

A voltage is generated at the output of the autocorrelator

U ₇ (t) = U ₆ cos (Ω-α), 0≤t≤T _c

with the phase modulation index Δφ _m2 , which is supplied to the first input of the phasemeter 35, the voltage U ₀ (t) of the reference generator 16 is supplied to the second input. The phase meter 35 provides a rough but unambiguous measurement of the angle α.

The minimum distance R ₀ from the RES to the helicopter propeller is determined from the expression

F _g (t) ≈ (V ² · t ² ) / (λ · R ₀ ),

where F _g (t) is the Doppler frequency shift;

V = Ω · R;

λ is the wavelength.

The Doppler frequency shift is measured in the analyzer 4 parameters of the received signal, which also determines R ₀ . The latter are recorded in the device 5 for storing and processing the received information.

The location of the RES is determined in the device 5 by the measured values of λ and R ₀ .

Telemetry device 6 is designed to transmit intelligence information to the control point.

To this end, the high-frequency voltage (figure 4, a)

U ₈ (t) = U ₈ cos ((ω ₁ t + φ ₁ ), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

from the output of the master oscillator 36, it is supplied to the second input of the amplitude modulator 39, the first input of which is supplied with a modulating function m (t) (Fig. 4, b) from the output of the analog scrambler 38. The input of the latter through the shaper 37 of analog messages is connected to the first output of the device 5 storing and processing the information received. At the output of the amplitude modulator 39, a signal with amplitude modulation (AM) is generated (Fig. 4, c)

U ₉ (t) = U ₈ [1 + m (t)] · cos (ω ₁ t + φ ₁ ), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

where m (t) is a modulating function that displays analog messages.

This signal is fed to the first input of the phase manipulator 42, the second input of which is supplied with a modulating code M (t) (Fig. 4, d) from the output of the digital scrambler 41. The input of the latter through the digital message generator 40 is connected to the second output of the storage and processing device 5 information received. At the output of the phase manipulator 42, a complex signal is formed with combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation (AM-FMN) (Fig. 4, e)

U ₁₀ (t) = U ₈ [1 + m (t)] · cos (ω ₁ t + φ _к1 (t) + φ ₁ ), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

where φ _к1 (t) = {0, π} is the manipulated component of the phase, which displays the law of phase manipulation in accordance with the modulating code M (t), and φ _к1 (t) = const for k τ _e <t <(k + 1 ) τ _e and can change abruptly at t = kτ _e , i.e. on the border between elementary premises (k = 1,2, (, N);

τ _e , N - the duration and number of chips that make up a signal of duration T ₁ (T ₁ = N · τ _e ).

Analog 38 and digital 41 scramblers implement cryptographic methods, which are effective methods for protecting reconnaissance confidential analogue and digital messages.

Cryptographic methods of protecting transmitted reconnaissance messages are special methods of encrypting, encoding and converting messages, as a result of which their content becomes inaccessible without presenting a cryptogram key and reverse transformation.

With the digital method of closing the transmitted message, four main groups can be conditionally distinguished:

1) substitution - the characters of a discrete message are replaced by other characters in accordance with a predetermined rule;

2) permutation - the symbols of a discrete message are rearranged according to some rule within a given block of a transmitted discrete message;

3) analytical conversion - the encrypted message is converted according to some analytical rule;

4) combined conversion - the original discrete message is encrypted with two or more encryption methods.

With analog scrambling, a message undergoes the following transformations:

1) frequency inversion;

2) frequency permutation;

3) temporary permutation.

The generated AM-QPSK signal U ₁₀ (t) (Fig. 4, d) after amplification in the power amplifier 44 is transmitted by the transmitting antenna 44 to the air, captured by the receiving antenna 45 of the monitoring station and fed through the high-frequency amplifier 46 to the first input of the mixer 48, the second input of which the local oscillator voltage 47

U _Г (t) = U _Г · cos (ω _Г t + φ _Г ).

At the output of the mixer 48, the voltages of the combination frequencies are generated. The amplifier 49 emits an intermediate frequency voltage (Fig. 4, e)

U _PR (t) = U _PR [1 + m (t)] · cos (ω _PR t + φ _к1 (t) + φ _PR ), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

Where

ω _G = ω ₁ -ω _G - intermediate frequency;

φ _PR = φ ₁ -φ _G ,

which is fed to the information input of the synchronous detector 51 and to the input of the amplitude limiter 50. A voltage is generated at the output of the latter (Fig. 4, g)

U ₁₁ (t) = U _OGR · cos (ω _PR t + φ _к1 (t) + φ _PR ), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

where U _OGR is the limiting threshold, which is the PSK signal at the intermediate frequency ω _PR , is used as a reference voltage and is supplied to the reference output of the synchronous detector 51. At the output of the synchronous detector 51, a low-frequency voltage is generated (Fig. 4, h)

U _H1 (t) = U _H1 [1 + m (t)], 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

Where

To ₃ is the transfer coefficient of the synchronous detector, proportional to the modulating function m (t) (Fig. 4, b).

This voltage is supplied to the input of the analog descrambler 52, the principle of operation of which corresponds to the principle of operation of the analog scrambler 38, but has the opposite character. The output of the descrambler 52 is formed of the original analog message of the shaper 37, which is fixed in block 53 registration and analysis.

PSK - signal U ₁₁ (t) (Fig. 4, g) from the output of the amplitude limiter 50 simultaneously enters the first inputs of the multipliers 55 and 56. The reference voltage is applied to the second input of the second multiplier 56 (Fig. 4, and)

U ₀ (t) = U ₀ · cos (ω _PR t + φ _PR ), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

from the output of the narrow-band filter 57. At the output of the second multiplier 56, a voltage is generated

U ₁₂ (t) = U _H2 · cosφ _to (t) + U _H2 · cos (2ω _PR t + φ _к1 (t) + 2φ _PR ),

Where

the low-pass filter 58 is allocated low-frequency voltage (figure 4, k)

U _H2 (t) = U _H2 · cosφ _k1 (t), 0≤t≤T ₁ ,

proportional to the modulating code M (t) (Fig. 4, d).

This voltage is supplied to the second input of the first multiplier 55, the output of which forms the following harmonic voltage

U ₀ (t) = U ₉ cos (ω _PR t + φ _PR ) + U ₉ cos (ω _PR t + 2φ _k1 (t) + φ _PR ) = U ₉ cos (ω _PR t + φ _PR ) + U ₉ cos (ω _PR t + φ _PR ) = 2U ₉ cos (ω _PR t + φ _PR ) = U ₀ cos (ω _PR t + φ _PR ),

Where

which is allocated by a narrow-band filter 57 and fed to the second input of the second multiplier 56.

The low-frequency voltage U _H2 (t) (Fig. 4, k) is supplied to the input of the digital descrambler 59, the principle of operation of which corresponds to the principle of operation of the digital scrambler 41, but has the opposite character. At the output of the digital descrambler 59, an initial digital message from the driver 40 is generated, which is fixed in the recording and analysis unit 53.

Multipliers 55 and 56, a narrow-band filter 57 and a low-pass filter 58 form a QPSK demodulator that extracts the necessary reference voltage directly from the received QPSK signal and is free from the “reverse operation” phenomenon that is common to all known QPSK demodulators (circuit Pistalkors A.A., Siforov V.N., Travin G.A., Kosshasa D.F.).

After the time τ _{s, the} constant voltage from the output of the delay line 21 is supplied to the control input of the detector 20 and resets its contents to zero. In this case, the key 22 is closed, and the tuning unit 10 is turned on, i.e. they are translated into their original positions.

When a signal of the next RES of a potential adversary is detected, the work of the radio intelligence station occurs in a similar way.

The helicopter flight path, on board of which a radio intelligence station is located, is usually laid in the border areas without violating the airspace of the likely enemy and without diplomatic complications.

The radio intelligence station provides accurate and unambiguous determination of the location of the radio electronic equipment. In this case, the direction-finding device is invariant to the type of modulation (manipulation) and instability of the carrier frequency of the received signals.

Thus, the proposed radio intelligence station in comparison with the prototype and other technical solutions of a similar purpose provides increased reliability of the transmission of analog and discrete information from the helicopter to the control point. This is achieved by protecting the transmitted information from unauthorized access and using complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase shift keying.

Moreover, the protection of this information has three levels: cryptographic, energy, and structural.

The cryptographic level is provided by special methods of encryption, coding and conversion of reconnaissance confidential analogue and discrete messages, as a result of which their content becomes inaccessible without presenting a cryptogram key and reverse conversion.

The energy and structural levels are ensured by the use of complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation, which have high energy and structural secrecy.

The energy secrecy of these signals is due to their high compressibility in time or in the spectrum with optimal processing, which reduces the instantaneous radiated power. As a result, the complex signal used at the receiving point may be masked by noise and interference. Moreover, the energy of a complex signal is by no means small; it is simply distributed over the time-frequency region so that at each point in this region the signal power is less than noise and interference.

The structural secrecy of complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase manipulation is due to the diversity of their forms and significant ranges of parameter changes, which makes it difficult to optimize or at least quasi-optimal processing of complex signals of an a priori unknown structure in order to increase the sensitivity of the receiver.

Complex signals with combined amplitude modulation and phase shift keying open up new possibilities in the technique of transmitting analog and discrete messages on a single carrier frequency and protecting them from unauthorized access. These signals allow the use of a new type of selection - structural selection. This means that there is a new opportunity to distinguish complex signals from other signals and interference operating in the same frequency band and at the same time intervals. This opportunity is realized by convolution of a spectrum of complex signals.

For the synchronous detection of PSK signals, a universal demodulator is used, free of the phenomenon of “reverse operation”.

Claims (1)

A radio intelligence station containing a serially connected antenna device, a receiver, an analyzer of parameters of the received signal, a device for storing and processing the received information, the second input of which is connected to the output of the receiver through a direction finding device, and a telemetry device, the receiver being made in the form of a serially connected receiving antenna, the first mixer, the second input of which through the first local oscillator is connected to the output of the tuning unit, the amplifier of the first intermediate often you, a detector, the second input of which through the first delay line is connected to its output, a key, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, the second mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second local oscillator, and the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, the output of which is the receiver output, the control input of the tuning unit is connected to the detector output, the direction-finding device is made in the form of two direction-finding channels, each of which consists of a removable antenna, mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the first local oscillator, an amplifier of the first intermediate frequency, a multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplifier of the second intermediate frequency, and a narrow-band filter, the third multiplier is connected in series to the output of the first narrow-band filter, the second input of which is connected with the output of the second narrow-band filter, the third narrow-band filter and the first phase meter, the second delay line is connected in series to the output of the second narrow-band filter ki, a phase detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second narrow-band filter, and the second phase meter, the second inputs of the phase meters are connected to the output of the reference generator, and the outputs are connected to a device for storing and processing the received information, the antenna device contains three receiving antennas, the receiving antenna of the receiver is located above the rotor hub of the helicopter, receiving antennas of the direction-finding device are located at the ends of the rotor blades of the helicopter, the engine is kinematically connected to the helicopter rotor and the reference generator torus, characterized in that the telemetry device is made in the form of series-connected to the first output device for storing and processing the received information of the analog message former, analog scrambler, amplitude modulator, the second input of which is connected to the output of the master oscillator, phase manipulator, power amplifier and transmitting antenna, sequentially connected to the second output of the device for storing and processing the received information of the generator of discrete messages and numbers a new scrambler, the output of which is connected to the second input of the phase manipulator, the transmitting antenna of the telemetry device is placed above the hub of the helicopter rotor, the receiver of the control point is made in the form of a series-connected receiving antenna, high-frequency amplifier, mixer, the second input of which is connected to the output of the local oscillator, intermediate-frequency amplifier , an amplitude limiter, a synchronous detector, the second input of which is connected to the output of an intermediate frequency amplifier, an analog descrambler, and a re hysteria and analysis, connected in series to the output of the amplitude limiter of the first multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the low-pass filter, narrow-band filter, the second multiplier, the second input of which is connected to the output of the amplitude limiter, low-pass filter and digital descrambler, the output of which is connected to the second the input of the registration and analysis unit.

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