RU2310034C2 - Shore-protective retaining structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic building, particularly shore-protective, embankment pitching and retaining structure to protect water pool shores against wave action.

SUBSTANCE: shore-protective structure comprises spaced apart front steel vertical members connected with each other by means of corrugated longitudinal members made of steel sheets. Vertical members are fastened to longitudinal ones through threaded bolt connections to create metal module sections. Front vertical members are of U-shaped type and have convex front faces and edges bent outwards. Longitudinal members are of S-shaped type and fastened to front vertical members with the use of trapezoid embedded members. Modular sections are assembled with each other to form retaining wall structure of L-shape. The retaining wall structure has base lying on prepared leveling gravel-pebble ground layer. Front vertical members of facade face modular sections are driven in water body bottom. Both sides of retaining wall structure are connected with each other through control-rods made of L-shaped members arranged so that distance between them is equal to distance between front vertical members. Reinforcing-ground structure including alternating layers of compacted drainage ground covered with reinforcing composite material webs is created from back side of retaining wall.

EFFECT: increased stability, efficiency and economy of the structure, provision of optimal weight and load-bearing capacity relationship, decreased time of structure erection, increased service life and possibility to meet environment protection requirements.

3 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used as a shore-protecting, sloping and retaining-and-retaining structure to protect the banks of water bodies from wave effects.

In recent years, in the Russian Federation and a number of other foreign countries, shore protection structures have been mainly used from reinforced concrete blocks with a broken profile and an inclined front edge or from concrete blocks with through confuser holes, as well as enclosing plates mounted in the front beams of buttress trusses with triangular frames, or precast reinforced concrete walls with backfill.

The disadvantages of such structures are the implementation of backfilling of incoherent granular material having high pressure on the retaining wall and a large filtration coefficient, leading to filtration suffusion of backfill material, which requires the implementation of complex and expensive anti-filtering and anti-suffusion measures at the same time as increased consumption of building materials for wall constructions, as well as use in large volumes of soil with special properties as backfill material, which is not always available in the construction area; in addition, such structures cannot be used for deep bodies of water, since they do not have sufficient operational reliability; increased complexity of installation due to the complex design of the blocks; low bearing capacity of these structures for bending and shear; inefficiency of applying these technical solutions to strengthen high slopes.

Known shore protection structure of modular typesetting frames containing enclosing plates mounted and rigidly mounted on buttresses, which are made of frames of triangular equilateral shape, interconnected by longitudinal elements mounted across the lower beams of the frames and rigidly fixed to them, while the beams of buttress frames and the longitudinal elements are made of beams of a sleeper trapezoidal profile and face the narrowed edges inside the frame, and the front, lower and rear beams are fastened at the tops of the frames by means of embedded parts with the formation of a modular buttress frame, the top of which is rigidly embedded in the parapet, and the lower part, together with the enclosing plates, in the concrete tooth (Russian Federation patent No. 1772298, IPC ЕВВ 3/06, published October 30, 1992).

The disadvantages of this well-known shore protection structure are the increased complexity and low manufacturability of the installation, high material consumption, poor environmental properties, low reliability due to the weak connection between its individual elements and with the backfill soil.

The closest analogue of the proposed is a shore-protecting retaining structure, which includes step-by-step steel front vertical elements connected by means of longitudinal elements made of corrugated sheet steel by means of bolted threaded joints into metal modular sections (US patent No. 3614870, IPC E02D 29 / 02, published on 10.26.1971).

This well-known shore-protecting retaining and retaining structure is a cellular structure installed on the ground, the cells of which are limited in plan on four sides by metal modular sections, and therefore its disadvantages are high metal consumption, increased labor intensity and low manufacturability due to the large number of screw bolts compounds, as well as low strength and low resistance to wave effects, which will require filling the cellular structure with bulk material and at the same time carrying out complex and expensive anti-filtering and anti-suffusion measures, which will additionally lead to an increase in the consumption of building materials and the complexity of the work during the construction of this structure.

The objective of the present invention is:

- increasing the stability of the shore-protecting retaining structure to dynamic loads during complex natural processes, including in earthquake-prone areas;

- expanding the scope of shore protection retaining structures and increasing the efficiency of quenching wave energy;

- simplification of the assembly process of the shore-protecting retaining structure by reducing the number of metal modular sections and bolted threaded joints;

- reducing material consumption, including metal consumption, and improving the environmental properties of the shore-protecting retaining structure;

- improving the efficiency, versatility and reliability of shore protection retaining structures.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that at the shore-protecting retaining and retaining structure, which includes step-by-step steel front vertical elements connected by means of longitudinal elements made of corrugated sheet steel, by means of bolted threaded connections into metal module sections, according to the invention, the front vertical elements are made U-shaped with a convex frontal edge and bent outward edges, and the longitudinal elements are made of an S-shaped profile and They are bonded to the front vertical elements using trapezoidal embedded parts, while the modular sections are assembled to form a retaining wall structure of a corner shape, the base of which lies on the prepared leveling layer of gravel and pebble soil, and the front vertical elements of the modular sections of the front face are buried in the bottom of the water area, moreover, both sides of the structure of the retaining wall of the angular shape are interconnected by rods made from the corner, the distance between which corresponds to the distance between In the middle vertical elements, in addition, an armored structure is formed in the fixed part of the retaining wall in the form of alternating layers of compacted drainage soil wrapped with reinforcing composite panels.

Reinforcing composite materials for armored construction can be geotextile material: woven or non-woven, mainly synthetic, polymer or metal mesh, sheet material or combinations of geotextile materials.

To protect the face of the retaining wall from wave influences and stabilize the bottom from erosion along it from the water area, hollow cylindrical geotubes made of high-strength woven geotextile material and filled with local soil can be laid at the base of the retaining wall, or gabions are bulky parallelepiped-shaped structures, made of double torsion mesh and filled with stone.

The given set of features, as shown by a comparative analysis of this technical solution in comparison with traditional designs, provides a technical result expressed in the stability, efficiency, economy of the proposed shore protection retaining and retaining structure, its optimal ratio of weight and bearing capacity, reducing the time of its construction, simplicity and the speed of installation, less labor-intensive construction, a sufficiently high durability, compliance with security requirements environment.

Despite the rather high unit cost of corrugated metal elements, the proposed shore protection retaining and retaining structure is significantly more efficient in operation and economical in construction compared to traditional massive structures.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows the shore-protecting retaining structure with geotubes laid on the side of the water area at the base of the retaining wall along its front face;

figure 2 - shore protection retaining structure with gabions laid on the side of the water area at the base of the retaining wall along its front face;

figure 3 - shore protection retaining structure with armored structure in the stalled part;

figure 4 - shore protection retaining structure, front view;

figure 5 - shore protection retaining structure, rear view;

Fig.6, Fig.7 and Fig.8 are individual elements of metal modular sections.

The shore-protecting retaining structure 1 contains step-by-step steel front vertical elements 2, which are connected by means of longitudinal metal elements 3 made of corrugated sheet steel, corresponding to domestic grade 09G2D, hot-dip galvanized on both sides with a zinc layer of at least 80 microns thick by means of bolted threaded connections in metal modular sections 4.

The assembled metal modular sections 4 form the structure of a retaining wall of a corner shape, the base of which rests on a prepared leveling layer 5 of gravel-pebble soil. Both sides of the structure of the retaining wall of the angular shape to increase the structural strength are interconnected by rods 6 made from the corner, the distance between which corresponds to the distance between the front vertical elements 2.

The longitudinal elements 3 are made of an S-shaped profile and are attached to the front vertical elements 2 using trapezoidal embedded parts 7 and bolts 8. The front vertical elements 2 of the modular sections 4 of the front face of the retaining wall are buried at least 1.0 m into the bottom of the water area.

An armored structure is formed in the stiffened part of the retaining wall in the form of alternating layers 9 of compacted drainage soil wrapped in panels 10 of a reinforcing composite material.

Reinforcing composite materials for armored construction are geotextiles: woven or non-woven, mainly synthetic, polymer or metal mesh, sheet material or combinations of geotextiles.

The construction of a shore-protecting retaining structure 1 is carried out as follows: a construction site is prepared before the construction and installation works are carried out. On the natural base 11, gravel-pebble soil along the entire base of the retaining wall is leveled leveling layer 5 with a thickness of 150-200 mm

On the leveling layer 5, metal modular sections 4 are assembled with the formation of a corner-shaped retaining wall by means of bolted threaded joints of longitudinal elements 3 made of hot-galvanized sheet steel corresponding to domestic grade 09G2D with a thickness of at least 2-2.7 mm, s made of hot-dip galvanized sheet steel, 4.2 mm thick, U-shaped front vertical elements 2 measuring 165x260 mm with a convex front face and outward-curved edges 12. Pe ednie vertical elements 2 should be at least 3.05 m from each other.

If necessary, increase the height of the front vertical elements 2, a coupling 13 is used with a length of 405 mm. To protect the face of the retaining wall from wave effects and stabilize the bottom from erosion along it from the water area, hollow cylindrical geotubes 14 made of high-strength woven geotextile material 15 and filled with local soil are laid at the base of the retaining wall, and geomembranes 16 are previously laid under geotubes 14. Also, instead of geotube 14, gabions 17 can be stacked - three-dimensional structures in the form of a parallelepiped made of double torsion mesh and filled with stone.

To ensure maximum stability and operational safety of the proposed shore protection retaining structure 1 simultaneously with the assembly of metal modular sections 4 (from bottom to top) in the wall of the retaining wall, an armored structure is constructed in the following sequence:

- on the prepared leveling layer 5, a panel 10 of the reinforcing composite material is spread over the entire area of the jammed part of the modular sections (figure 5);

- on a spread sheet 10 reinforcing composite material is poured (with dump trucks or graders in a single technological process over the entire area of both the modular section 4 and the fixed part of the retaining wall) drainage soil with a layer of 9 at least 400 mm thick;

- the sprinkled, leveled soil is compacted to the level of 0.95 of the maximum standard density (with a roller, loaded with a dump truck, mechanical or manual rammers);

- reinforcing panels 10, previously released over the outer face of the reinforced soil structure, are laid on the compacted layer 9 of the drainage soil, which are fixed on the underlying soil every 1.5 m with pegs or brackets.

Subsequent assembly of metal modular sections 4 and the formation of layers 9 of an armored structure is carried out in the same sequence to the design level.

To protect the surface of the front face of the retaining wall from wave effects and stabilize the bottom from erosion along it from the water area, geotubes 14 are laid at the base of the retaining wall.

Geotube 14 is a volumetric closed cylindrical system of high-strength woven geotextile material 15 of the Geolon type, resistant to mechanical stress, having an optimal pore size and high filtering characteristics. To prevent base suffusion during the filling of the geotube 14 with local soil, a geomembrane 16 is placed on a pre-leveled layer.

The length of the geotube 14 can be from 20 to 200 m, the diameter is from 1 to 6 m. The longitudinal docking of the geotube 14 is overlapped.

Retaining and retaining structures are used to protect the banks of water bodies from wave effects, including in earthquake-prone areas, in a wide range of soil characteristics. The developed design is not limited to the stated version of its implementation, which may be subject to design changes.

Claims (3)

1. A shore-protecting retaining structure, comprising step-wise steel front vertical elements connected by means of longitudinal elements made of corrugated sheet steel by means of bolted threaded connections into metal modular sections, characterized in that the front vertical elements are made U-shaped with with a convex frontal face and outward-curved edges, and the longitudinal elements are made of an S-shaped profile and are attached to the front vertical elements with rape-shaped embedded parts, while the modular sections are assembled with the formation of a retaining wall structure of a corner shape, the base of which lies on a prepared leveling layer of gravel and pebble soil, and the front vertical elements of the modular sections of the front face are buried in the bottom of the water area, both sides of the structure of the retaining wall are corner the forms are interconnected by rods made from the corner, the distance between which corresponds to the distance between the front vertical elements, in addition to Armored soil structure is formed in the part of the retaining wall in the form of alternating layers of compacted drainage soil, wrapped with reinforcing composite panels. 2. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing composite materials for reinforced soil construction are geotextile material: woven or non-woven, mainly synthetic, polymer or metal mesh, sheet material or combinations of geotextile materials. 3. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to protect the face of the retaining wall from wave influences and to stabilize the bottom from erosion along it from the water area at the base of the retaining wall, hollow cylindrical geotubes made of high-strength woven geotextile material and filled with local soil are laid , or gabions - volumetric structures in the form of a parallelepiped made of double torsion mesh and filled with stone.

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