CN114457817B - Construction method for slope protection by cooperation of flexible box-type building blocks and large-deformation springs - Google Patents
Construction method for slope protection by cooperation of flexible box-type building blocks and large-deformation springs Download PDFInfo
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- CN114457817B CN114457817B CN202210140424.2A CN202210140424A CN114457817B CN 114457817 B CN114457817 B CN 114457817B CN 202210140424 A CN202210140424 A CN 202210140424A CN 114457817 B CN114457817 B CN 114457817B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
- E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/005—Soil-conditioning by mixing with fibrous materials, filaments, open mesh or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of slope engineering, in particular to a construction method of an assembled flexible box type building block-large deformation spring cooperative slope protection. The method comprises the following construction steps: s1, preparing components including a prefabricated box type building block, a large-deformation spring and a PVC grouting hose; s2, assembling a single-layer transverse framework of the fabricated concrete retaining wall; s3, installing each layer of prefabricated box type building blocks according to the sequence from top to bottom, connecting the adjacent prefabricated box type building blocks in the vertical direction to form a vertical framework of the fabricated concrete retaining wall, and completing construction of the whole slope protection system. The box type assembly type retaining wall, the flexible anchor cable and the large deformation spring fully utilize the cooperative stress of the box type assembly type retaining wall with the large rigidity front wall and the box type assembly type retaining wall with the small rigidity rear wall to realize rigidity and flexibility, and prevent and control slope instability damage, and have high assembly rate, strong deformation compatibility, wide applicability, good shock resistance and excellent drainage performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of slope engineering, in particular to a construction method of an assembled flexible box type building block-large deformation spring cooperative slope protection.
Background
The periodic change of the cold region temperature has a great influence on the slope stability, and the freeze-thaw cycling action causes various diseases of the cold region slope, such as slope freeze-thaw collapse damage, frost heaving damage and the like, and seriously harms the safety and stability of the cold region slope. Meanwhile, in the southwest region, earthquakes are frequent, the slope protection structure is deeply disturbed by earthquakes, and diseases such as dumping and collapse are frequently caused. Therefore, effective protection and reinforcement measures for the slope in cold regions and southwest regions are necessary.
Assembled retaining wall has widely been applied to side slope support, but this type of bank protection structure is whole better, nevertheless to the bank protection foundation require than higher to this type of integral bank protection belongs to rigid structure, in case suffer cold district freeze thawing cycle and earthquake damage, after the inhomogeneous deformation of basis exceeded a quantitative value, the bank protection structure often can appear destruction such as crack, can appear the whole phenomenon of collapsing even, has not only influenced the stability of side slope, has caused economic loss again.
In conclusion, it is necessary to provide an assembled rigid and flexible slope protection system which can meet frost heaving and spring thawing deformation in cold regions, has a rigid structure and a flexible component in the system, can better coordinate slope deformation, and can be constructed in winter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, provides a construction method for protecting slope by cooperating flexible box-type building blocks and large deformation springs, has high assembly rate, strong deformation compatibility, wide applicability, good shock resistance and excellent drainage performance, and fully utilizes the cooperative stress of the box-type assembled retaining wall with a large-rigidity front wall and a small-rigidity rear wall, the flexible anchor cables and the large deformation springs to realize rigidity and flexibility and prevent and control slope instability damage.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a construction method of a flexible box type building block and a large deformation spring cooperative slope protection comprises the following construction steps:
s1, preparing components including a prefabricated box type building block, a large-deformation spring and a PVC grouting hose;
the prefabricated box type building block single bodies are sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the side slope and are connected to form the retaining wall, each prefabricated box type building block single body comprises a front wall and a rear wall, the front wall and the rear wall are arranged in parallel and are fixedly connected, a rubber rib plate is arranged between the front wall and the rear wall, the thickness of the front wall is larger than that of the rear wall, and large-particle-diameter broken stones are filled in gaps formed by the front wall, the rear wall and the rubber rib plate and gaps formed by two adjacent prefabricated box type building block single bodies to form a deformation absorption layer;
the bottom of the rear wall is fixedly connected with an epitaxial plate, the epitaxial plate is positioned behind the rear wall, a geogrid net is fixed on the rear side of the epitaxial plate, and the geogrid net is fixed in a soil layer through a closed countersunk rivet;
the top surface of the rear wall is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, a plurality of limiting bulges are correspondingly fixed on the bottom surface of the rear wall, the positioning holes on the top surface of the lower layer of prefabricated box type building block monomer are just inserted into the limiting bulges on the bottom surface of the upper layer of prefabricated box type building block monomer, and a plurality of PVC grouting hose holes in the horizontal direction and PVC grouting hose holes in the vertical direction are respectively arranged in the front wall and the rear wall;
the center of the rear surface of the single front wall of the prefabricated box type building block is provided with a pre-stressed anchor cable mounting lug and a deformation spring mounting lug from top to bottom, the pre-stressed anchor cable mounting lug and the deformation spring mounting lug are both provided with mounting holes, and pre-stressed anchor cables are uniformly distributed on the rear side of the prefabricated box type building block;
two limiting holes for mounting a large deformation spring are formed in the rear wall of the single prefabricated box type building block, a spring positioning hole for fixing the large deformation spring is correspondingly formed in the extending plate, one end of the large deformation spring sequentially penetrates through the first limiting hole in the rear wall, the spring positioning hole in the extending plate and the second limiting hole in the rear wall and is finally connected to the deformation spring mounting lug, and the other end of the large deformation spring is always connected with the deformation spring mounting lug;
s2, assembling a single-layer transverse framework of the assembled concrete retaining wall, which comprises the following specific steps;
s2.1, forming a transverse framework, and grouting in the reserved grouting hose hole in the horizontal direction:
after the side slope is leveled, spraying a C30 concrete surface layer with the thickness of about 5mm to the slope surface;
assembling prefabricated box type building block monomers on the upper part of a side slope according to the left-right sequence, sequentially penetrating PVC grouting hoses through horizontally reserved grouting hose holes of horizontally adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomers after a whole row of construction is finished, and fixing the horizontally arranged prefabricated box type building block monomers to enable the adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomers to form a transverse framework;
after the connection and fixation of the transverse prefabricated box type building blocks are finished, grouting construction is carried out through a PVC grouting hose;
s2.2, installing a large deformation spring:
sequentially penetrating a large deformation spring through a limiting hole of the rear wall and a mounting hole of the front wall of the prefabricated box type building block, and fixing the large deformation spring in a soil layer at a spring positioning hole by using a closed countersunk head rivet;
s2.3, mounting a prestressed anchor cable:
after the installation and fixation work of the large-deformation spring is finished, an anchor cable installation hole is drilled at a set position, one end of a prestressed anchor cable with a reverse claw at one end is fixed on the retaining wall through a reserved hole, the other end of the prestressed anchor cable is anchored in a stable rock mass within a sliding surface, a grouting pipe is inserted to the bottom of the anchor cable installation hole, mortar is injected from the hole bottom, air is discharged from the anchor cable hole, the anchor cable is subjected to primary tensioning and compensation tensioning, then hole sealing and grouting are immediately performed, and therefore the installation of the prestressed anchor cable is finished;
s2.4, installing a geogrid net:
after the installation and fixation construction of the prestressed anchor cables is completed, laying one end of the geogrid net on the epitaxial plate, laying the other end of the geogrid net on the soil layer, and fixing the geogrid net in the soil layer by using a closed countersunk rivet;
s3, installing each layer of prefabricated box type building blocks according to the sequence from top to bottom, connecting the adjacent prefabricated box type building blocks in the vertical direction to form a vertical framework of the fabricated concrete retaining wall, and completing construction of the whole slope protection system.
In the invention, the step S1 comprises the steps of carrying out geological survey on the side slope, designing the specific sizes and the number of the prefabricated box type building blocks, the large deformation coordinating springs, the PVC grouting hoses and the connecting and fixing members according to engineering requirements, and submitting the specific sizes and the number to a factory for production;
and (4) carrying the prefabricated box type building blocks, the large deformation springs, the PVC grouting hoses and the closed countersunk rivets to a construction site, cleaning sundry stones on the side slope, leveling and tamping.
The step S3 comprises the following specific construction steps:
s3.1, assembling the transverse frameworks of the lower assembled concrete retaining wall from top to bottom;
after the grouting construction in the step S2 is finished for 24 hours, continuously positioning the positions of the next layer of prefabricated box-shaped building blocks according to the design requirements, adding marks at the positions, repeating the step S2, and finishing the assembly of the transverse framework of the layer of prefabricated box-shaped building blocks;
s3.2, forming a vertical framework between two vertically adjacent layers of prefabricated box-type building blocks, and grouting in reserved grouting hose holes in the vertical direction:
assembling prefabricated box type building blocks from top to bottom, realizing the positioning connection between upper and lower layer box type building block monomers through a limiting bulge at the bottom of the upper layer prefabricated box type building block monomer and a corresponding positioning hole at the top of the lower layer prefabricated box type building block monomer, after the upper and lower layers are constructed, sequentially passing PVC grouting hoses through vertically reserved grouting hose holes of each vertically adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomer, and fixing the vertically adjacent box type building block monomers to enable the adjacent box type building block monomers to form a vertical framework;
after the connection and fixation of the vertical prefabricated box type building blocks are completed, grouting construction is carried out through a PVC grouting hose;
s3.3, repeating the step S3.1 to the step S3.2, and assembling the assembled concrete retaining wall frameworks of each layer according to the sequence from top to bottom:
sequentially completing the assembly of the transverse frameworks and the vertical frameworks from top to bottom until the assembly of the concrete retaining wall is completed along the whole revetment;
and after the prefabricated box type building blocks are assembled, filling large-particle-size crushed stones into the grooves of the building blocks to form a deformation absorption layer, and finishing the construction of a slope protection system.
In the step S2.1, when the concrete layer is sprayed to the slope surface, the coverage area of the concrete surface layer should exceed the top and bottom of the slope by a certain distance.
In the step S2.1, if a gap exists when two adjacent prefabricated box-shaped building blocks are assembled, the gap can be filled by adopting a rubber gasket.
In the step S2.1 and the step S2.5, when the precast box-shaped building block is subjected to grouting construction, the grouting hose should be pulled out to Kong Wai at a proper time according to the specific size of the building block, the grouting pressure and the position of the grouting hose; the grouting slurry is concrete slurry.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
firstly, the prefabricated box-shaped building block adopted by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The shock resistance is strong: because the rubber rib plates adopt flexible structures, the stress generated by the wall body resisting dynamic soil pressure during earthquake can be reduced, and the retaining wall is prevented from cracking and collapsing; in addition, the non-uniform settlement of the wall back soil in the frost heaving period and the spring melting period in the seasonal frozen soil area has followability, so that the integral stability of the retaining wall is ensured;
(2) The economic benefit is good: because the prefabricated box type building blocks use less concrete, steel bars, templates and the like, the construction period can be greatly shortened, and the cost is reduced;
(3) The inclination angles of the front wall and the rear wall of the prefabricated box type building block can be designed according to the required supporting slope, the flexibility is higher than that of the traditional inclined retaining wall and a large building block, the adaptability to high and steep slopes and gravel slopes is better, the construction speed is high, the difficulty is low, and the prefabricated box type building block is a better emergency disposal means for landslide;
(4) After large-particle-size single-granularity gravel is filled in the groove of the prefabricated box type building block, the anti-overturning capacity is high, the large soil pressure can be borne, and the overall stability of the retaining wall is improved.
Secondly, the invention adopts a large-deformation spring, can buffer deformation in the frost heaving period and the freeze thawing period, and increases the reliability of the system: in a severe cold period, the large-deformation spring pulls the supporting structure back to the original position when the side slope is frozen and swelled, so that the frozen swelling amount is reduced; and in the spring melting period, the springs reversely move the sunk supporting structure to the original position when the side slope is sunk.
Thirdly, the invention adopts the deformation absorbing layer filled with the large-particle-size crushed stones, the high drainage property of the deformation absorbing layer ensures the stability of the back soil in the spring thawing period, the frost heaving period can be used as a deformation buffer layer, the soil retaining unit resists the soil pressure in the earthquake, the generated strain can be dispersed through the deformation absorbing layer, and the deformation absorbing layer has coordination on the unequal settlement of the foundation and the back soil, thereby maintaining the stability of the whole soil retaining wall.
Fourthly, one end of the prestressed anchor cable adopted by the invention is tightly buckled in a reserved mounting hole of the prefabricated box type retaining structure, and one end of the prestressed anchor cable is driven into the slope stable rock-soil layer, so that the rock mass is reinforced, the stress of the box type retaining structure pile can be improved, and the integrity and the strength of the system are increased.
The application range of the invention is as follows: the method is suitable for railway engineering, highway engineering and other types of slope engineering with protection and reinforcement requirements in cold regions and southwest regions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single prefabricated box type building block;
FIG. 3 is a front view structure schematic diagram of a single prefabricated box type building block;
FIG. 4 is a right-side structural schematic view of a single prefabricated box type building block;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a single prefabricated box type block;
FIG. 6 is a reinforcing bar diagram of a prefabricated box type building block single body;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the assembly of a large deformation spring on a single prefabricated box type block;
FIG. 8 is an assembly schematic diagram of a single PVC grouting pipe for prefabricated box type building blocks;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the assembly of several individual prefabricated box-type blocks;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of a partial top view of a geogrid mesh;
fig. 11 is a front view schematically showing the construction of the retaining wall.
In the figure: 1, a retaining wall 1;2 large deformation spring; 3 pre-stressed anchor cables; 4, a geogrid net; 5, a closed countersunk rivet; 6, anchor cable mounting holes; 7 spring mounting holes; 8 a rubber gasket; 9PVC grouting hose holes; 10, limiting a bulge; 11 a deformation absorbing layer; 12, positioning holes; 13, a directional slide block; 14 reserving a grouting hose hole; 15 a front wall; 16 a rear wall; 17 a rubber rib plate; 18 an epitaxial plate; 19 spring positioning holes; 20 mounting a lug of the prestressed anchor cable; 21 prefabricating box type building block monomers.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be implemented in a number of ways different from those described herein and similar generalizations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The invention discloses a construction method of a flexible box type building block-large deformation spring cooperative slope protection, which comprises the following construction steps.
Firstly, preparing components such as a prefabricated box type building block single body, a large-deformation spring, a PVC grouting hose and the like.
And carrying out geological survey on the side slope, designing the specific sizes and the number of the prefabricated box type building block single bodies, the large-deformation coordination springs, the PVC grouting hoses and the connecting and fixing members according to engineering requirements, and submitting the prefabricated box type building block single bodies, the large-deformation coordination springs, the PVC grouting hoses and the connecting and fixing members to a factory for production.
And (4) carrying the prefabricated box type building block single body, the large deformation spring, the PVC grouting hose and the closed countersunk head rivet to a construction site, cleaning sundry stones on the side slope, leveling and tamping.
The retaining wall 1 is formed by connecting a plurality of prefabricated box type building block monomers 21 which are sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of a side slope. As shown in fig. 2 to 6, each prefabricated box type block unit comprises a front wall 15 and a rear wall 16, the front wall 15 and the rear wall 16 are prefabricated by concrete and steel bars, the front wall 15 and the rear wall 16 are arranged in parallel, the front wall 15 and the rear wall 16 are fixedly connected, a rubber rib plate 17 is arranged in a gap between the front wall 15 and the rear wall 16, two rubber rib plates 17 are arranged in each prefabricated box type block unit at intervals, and the rubber rib plates 17 are assembled by rubber blocks with certain thickness at the position of a preset steel bar framework, so that the prefabricated box type block unit has the advantages of shock absorption, wear resistance, skid resistance, flexibility and the like. The thickness of the front wall 15 is greater than that of the rear wall 16, so that the rigidity of the front wall 15 is greater than that of the rear wall 16, the front wall mainly functions as a rigid revetment, and the rear wall 16 functions as a flexible revetment in cooperation with other components. The gaps formed by the front wall 15, the rear wall 16 and the rubber rib plates 17 and the gaps formed by the two adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomers are filled with large-particle-size crushed stones to form a deformation absorption layer 11, so that the deformation absorption layer has strong anti-overturning capacity, can bear larger soil pressure and improves the overall stability of the retaining wall 1.
The bottom of back wall 16 is fixedly connected with epitaxial plate 18, and epitaxial plate 18 is located the rear of back wall 16, and the rear side of epitaxial plate 18 is fixed with geogrid net 4, and geogrid net 4 comprises the fine geogrid of multilayer glass. The geogrid net is laid and fixed through the extension plate 18, and the large deformation spring is limited.
The top surface of the rear wall 16 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, a plurality of limiting protrusions 10 are correspondingly fixed on the bottom surface of the rear wall 16, and when the single prefabricated box type building block is assembled from top to bottom, the positioning holes in the top surface of the single prefabricated box type building block at the lower layer are just inserted into the limiting protrusions 10 in the bottom surface of the single prefabricated box type building block at the upper layer, so that the positioning connection between the single prefabricated box type building block at the upper layer and the single prefabricated box type building block at the lower layer is realized. A plurality of PVC grouting hose holes 9 in the horizontal direction and PVC grouting hose holes 9 in the vertical direction are respectively formed in the front wall 15 and the rear wall 16, and when PVC hoses sequentially pass through the plurality of PVC grouting hose holes 9 in the horizontal direction, fixed connection among prefabricated box type building block monomers in the horizontal direction is realized; when the PVC hose loops through the adjacent several PVC slip casting hose hole of vertical direction, realized the fixed connection between the prefabricated box building block monomer of vertical direction.
The side and the top surface of the front wall 15 are provided with a plurality of elastic rubber gaskets 8, certain construction errors are considered, and if certain gaps exist during assembly of the adjacent box-type building blocks, the adjacent box-type building blocks can be filled with the rubber gaskets. One side of the rear side wall of the front wall 15 is fixed with a guide sliding block 13, and when the prefabricated box-shaped building blocks are assembled from left to right, accurate assembly between two adjacent prefabricated box-shaped building blocks can be guaranteed through the guide sliding block.
The center of the rear surface of the front wall 15 of the prefabricated box type building block monomer is provided with a pre-stressed anchor cable mounting lug 20 and a deformation spring mounting lug from top to bottom, and the pre-stressed anchor cable mounting lug 20 and the deformation spring mounting lug are both provided with mounting holes. The prestressed anchor cables 3 are uniformly distributed on the rear side of the prefabricated box type building block. The prestressed anchor cable can reinforce the rock mass on the one hand, improves box retaining structure stake atress, on the other hand, can be used for increasing the wholeness and the intensity of system.
Two limiting holes are formed in the rear wall 16 of the prefabricated box type building block single body and used for installing the large-deformation spring 2, and a spring positioning hole 19 is correspondingly formed in the extending plate 18 and used for fixing the large-deformation spring 2. As shown in fig. 1 and 7, one end of the large deformation spring 2 passes through the first limiting hole on the rear wall 16, the spring positioning hole 19 on the extension plate, and the second limiting hole on the rear wall in sequence, and is finally connected to the deformation spring mounting lug, and the other end of the large deformation spring 2 is always connected to the deformation spring mounting lug.
And secondly, assembling a single-layer transverse framework of the fabricated concrete retaining wall. The method mainly comprises the following specific steps.
And (I) forming a transverse framework, and grouting in the reserved grouting hose hole in the horizontal direction.
After the side slope is leveled, a C30 concrete surface layer with the thickness of about 5mm is sprayed to the slope surface. When the concrete layer is sprayed to the slope surface, the covering area of the concrete surface layer should exceed the top and bottom of the slope by a certain distance.
According to the sequence from top to bottom, firstly, prefabricated box type building block monomers are assembled from left to right on the upper portion of a side slope, and if a certain gap exists during assembly of two adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomers, the prefabricated box type building block monomers can be filled by using rubber gaskets. After the whole row of the prefabricated box type building block single bodies are completely constructed, PVC grouting hoses 9 sequentially penetrate through horizontal reserved grouting hose holes of the horizontally adjacent prefabricated box type building block single bodies, and the horizontally whole row of the box type building block single bodies are fixed, so that the adjacent box type building block single bodies form a transverse framework.
After the connection and fixation of the transverse prefabricated box type building block monomer are completed, grouting construction is carried out through a PVC grouting hose, proper grouting pressure is selected, and the uniformity and compactness of grout in the hole gap are ensured as far as possible.
And (II) mounting a large deformation spring.
And sequentially penetrating the large deformation spring 2 through a limiting hole and a front wall mounting hole of the rear wall of the single prefabricated box type building block, and fixing the large deformation spring in a soil layer at a spring positioning hole 19 by using a closed countersunk head rivet 5.
And (III) mounting a prestressed anchor cable.
After the installation and fixation of the large-deformation spring are completed, an anchor cable installation hole is drilled at a set position, one end of a prestressed anchor cable with a reverse claw at one end is fixed on the retaining wall 1 through a reserved hole, the other end of the prestressed anchor cable is anchored in a stable rock mass within a sliding surface, a grouting pipe is inserted to the bottom of the anchor cable installation hole, mortar is injected from the hole bottom, air is discharged from the anchor cable hole, the anchor cable is stretched and compensated for stretching for one time, then hole sealing and grouting are performed immediately, and therefore the installation of the prestressed anchor cable is completed.
And (IV) installing a geogrid net.
After the installation and fixation construction of the prestressed anchor cables is completed, one end of the geogrid net 4 is laid on the epitaxial plate 18, the other end of the geogrid net 4 is laid on the soil layer, and the geogrid net 4 is fixed in the soil layer through the closed countersunk rivets 5.
And thirdly, installing each layer of prefabricated box type building blocks according to the sequence from top to bottom, and connecting the adjacent prefabricated box type building blocks in the vertical direction to form a vertical framework of the fabricated concrete retaining wall until the whole slope protection system is constructed. Mainly comprises the following specific steps.
And (I) assembling the transverse frameworks of the lower assembled concrete retaining wall from top to bottom.
And after the grouting construction in the second step is finished for 24 hours, continuously positioning the positions of the next layer of prefabricated box type building blocks according to the design requirements, adding marks at the positions, repeating the second step, finishing the assembly of the transverse framework of the layer of prefabricated box type building blocks, and finally forming the retaining wall formed by the prefabricated box type building blocks as shown in figure 11.
And (II) forming a vertical framework between two vertically adjacent layers of prefabricated box-type building blocks, and grouting in the reserved grouting hose holes in the vertical direction.
Assembling prefabricated box type building blocks from top to bottom, realizing the positioning connection between upper and lower layer box type building block monomers through a limiting bulge at the bottom of the upper layer prefabricated box type building block monomer and a corresponding positioning hole at the top of the lower layer prefabricated box type building block monomer, after the upper and lower layers are constructed, sequentially passing PVC grouting hoses through vertically reserved grouting hose holes of each vertically adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomer, and fixing the vertically adjacent box type building block monomers to enable the adjacent box type building block monomers to form a vertical framework;
after the connection and fixation of the vertical prefabricated box type building block monomer are completed, grouting construction is carried out through the PVC grouting hose 9, proper grouting pressure is selected, and the uniformity and compactness of grout in the hole gap are ensured as far as possible.
And (III) repeating the steps (I) to (II), and assembling the assembled concrete retaining wall frameworks of each layer according to the sequence from top to bottom.
Sequentially assembling the transverse frameworks and the vertical frameworks from top to bottom until the concrete retaining wall is assembled along the whole revetment;
and after the prefabricated box type building blocks are assembled, filling large-particle-size crushed stones into the grooves of the building blocks to form a deformation absorption layer, and finishing the construction of a slope protection system.
When the precast box type building block is subjected to grouting construction, the grouting hose is pulled out to Kong Wai in due time according to the specific size of the building block, the grouting pressure and the position of the grouting hose, so that the precast box type building block can be uniformly condensed to an expected degree, and the requirements of uniformity and compactness of slurry in a hole gap are met; the grouting slurry is concrete slurry.
The flexible box-type building block-large deformation spring cooperative slope protection system and the construction method thereof provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A construction method of a flexible box type building block and a large-deformation spring cooperative slope protection is characterized by comprising the following construction steps:
s1, preparing components including a prefabricated box type building block, a large-deformation spring and a PVC grouting hose;
the retaining wall is formed by connecting a plurality of prefabricated box type building block monomers which are sequentially arranged along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of a side slope, each prefabricated box type building block monomer comprises a front wall and a rear wall, the front wall and the rear wall are arranged in parallel and are fixedly connected, a rubber rib plate is arranged between the front wall and the rear wall, the thickness of the front wall is larger than that of the rear wall, and large-particle-diameter crushed stones are filled in gaps formed by the front wall, the rear wall and the rubber rib plate and gaps formed by two adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomers to form a deformation absorption layer;
the bottom of the rear wall is fixedly connected with an epitaxial plate, the epitaxial plate is positioned behind the rear wall, a geogrid net is fixed on the rear side of the epitaxial plate, and the geogrid net is fixed in a soil layer through a closed countersunk rivet;
the top surface of the front wall is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, a plurality of limiting bulges are correspondingly fixed on the bottom surface of the front wall, the positioning holes on the top surface of the lower layer of prefabricated box type building block monomer are just inserted into the limiting bulges on the bottom surface of the upper layer of prefabricated box type building block monomer, and a plurality of PVC grouting hose holes in the horizontal direction and PVC grouting hose holes in the vertical direction are respectively arranged in the front wall and the rear wall;
the center of the rear surface of the single front wall of the prefabricated box type building block is provided with a pre-stressed anchor cable mounting lug and a deformation spring mounting lug from top to bottom, the pre-stressed anchor cable mounting lug and the deformation spring mounting lug are both provided with mounting holes, and pre-stressed anchor cables are uniformly distributed on the rear side of the prefabricated box type building block;
two limiting holes for mounting a large deformation spring are formed in the rear wall of the single prefabricated box type building block, a spring positioning hole for fixing the large deformation spring is correspondingly formed in the extending plate, one end of the large deformation spring sequentially penetrates through the first limiting hole in the rear wall, the spring positioning hole in the extending plate and the second limiting hole in the rear wall and is finally connected to the deformation spring mounting lug, and the other end of the large deformation spring is always connected with the deformation spring mounting lug;
s2, assembling a single-layer transverse framework of the assembled concrete retaining wall, wherein the assembling method comprises the following specific steps;
s2.1, forming a transverse framework, and grouting in the reserved grouting hose holes in the horizontal direction:
after the side slope is leveled, spraying a C30 concrete surface layer with the thickness of about 5mm to the slope surface;
assembling prefabricated box type building block monomers on the upper portion of a side slope in a left-to-right sequence, sequentially penetrating PVC grouting hoses through horizontally reserved grouting hose holes of horizontally adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomers after a whole row of construction is finished, and fixing the horizontally arranged prefabricated box type building block monomers to enable the adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomers to form a transverse framework;
after the connection and fixation of the transverse prefabricated box type building blocks are finished, grouting construction is carried out through a PVC grouting hose;
s2.2, mounting a large deformation spring:
sequentially penetrating a large deformation spring through a limiting hole of the rear wall and a mounting hole of the front wall of the prefabricated box type building block, and fixing the large deformation spring in a soil layer at a spring positioning hole by using a closed countersunk head rivet;
s2.3, mounting a prestressed anchor cable:
after the installation and fixation work of the large-deformation spring is finished, an anchor cable installation hole is drilled at a set position, one end of a prestressed anchor cable with a reverse claw at one end is fixed on a retaining wall through the installation hole, the other end of the prestressed anchor cable is anchored in a stable rock mass within a sliding surface, a grouting pipe is inserted to the bottom of the anchor cable installation hole, mortar is injected from the hole bottom, air is discharged from the anchor cable hole, the anchor cable is subjected to primary tensioning and compensation tensioning, then hole sealing and grouting are immediately performed, and therefore the installation of the prestressed anchor cable is finished;
s2.4, installing a geogrid net:
after the installation and fixation construction of the prestressed anchor cables is completed, laying one end of the geogrid net on the epitaxial plate, laying the other end of the geogrid net on the soil layer, and fixing the geogrid net in the soil layer by using a closed countersunk rivet;
and S3, installing each layer of prefabricated box type building blocks according to the sequence from top to bottom, and connecting the adjacent prefabricated box type building blocks in the vertical direction to form a vertical framework of the fabricated concrete retaining wall until the whole slope protection system is constructed.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises performing geological survey on the slope, designing specific dimensions and numbers of the prefabricated box-type building blocks, the large-deformation springs, the PVC grouting hoses and the connecting and fixing members according to engineering requirements, and submitting the prefabricated box-type building blocks, the large-deformation springs, the PVC grouting hoses and the connecting and fixing members to a factory for production;
and (4) carrying the prefabricated box type building blocks, the large deformation springs, the PVC grouting hoses and the closed countersunk rivets to a construction site, cleaning sundry stones on the side slope, leveling and tamping.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the above step S3 comprises the following specific construction steps:
s3.1, assembling the transverse framework of the lower-layer assembled concrete retaining wall according to the sequence from top to bottom:
after the grouting construction in the step S2 is finished for 24 hours, continuously positioning the positions of the next layer of prefabricated box-shaped building blocks according to the design requirements, adding marks at the positions, repeating the step S2, and finishing the assembly of the transverse framework of the layer of prefabricated box-shaped building blocks;
s3.2, forming a vertical framework between two vertically adjacent layers of prefabricated box-type building blocks, and grouting in reserved grouting hose holes in the vertical direction:
assembling prefabricated box type building blocks from top to bottom, realizing the positioning connection between upper and lower layer box type building block monomers through a limiting bulge at the bottom of the upper layer prefabricated box type building block monomer and a corresponding positioning hole at the top of the lower layer prefabricated box type building block monomer, after the upper and lower layers are constructed, sequentially passing PVC grouting hoses through vertically reserved grouting hose holes of each vertically adjacent prefabricated box type building block monomer, and fixing the vertically adjacent box type building block monomers to enable the adjacent box type building block monomers to form a vertical framework;
after the connection and fixation of the vertical prefabricated box type building blocks are completed, grouting construction is carried out through a PVC grouting hose;
s3.3, repeating the step S3.1 to the step S3.2, and assembling the assembled concrete retaining wall frameworks of each layer according to the sequence from top to bottom:
sequentially completing the assembly of the transverse frameworks and the vertical frameworks from top to bottom until the assembly of the concrete retaining wall is completed along the whole revetment;
and after the prefabricated box type building blocks are assembled, filling large-particle-size crushed stones into the grooves of the building blocks to form a deformation absorption layer, and finishing the construction of a slope protection system.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S2.1, the concrete surface is applied over the top and bottom of the slope by a distance while the concrete layer is being sprayed onto the slope.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2.1, if there is a gap between two adjacent prefabricated box blocks, the gap is filled with a rubber gasket.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in the steps S2.1 and S3.2, when the prefabricated box-type building block is grouted, the grouting hose is pulled out of the Kong Wai according to the concrete size of the building block, grouting pressure and the position of the grouting hose; the grouting slurry is concrete slurry.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011032815A (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-17 | Tokyo Printing Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Retaining wall and method of constructing the same |
| CN111305258A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-19 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Assembled type anti-seismic freeze-thawing deformation-resistant rigid-flexible retaining wall with corrugated plates |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011032815A (en) * | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-17 | Tokyo Printing Ink Mfg Co Ltd | Retaining wall and method of constructing the same |
| CN111305258A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-06-19 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Assembled type anti-seismic freeze-thawing deformation-resistant rigid-flexible retaining wall with corrugated plates |
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| CN114457817A (en) | 2022-05-10 |
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Inventor after: Ling Xianchang Inventor after: Chen Yan Inventor after: Hu Yiru Inventor after: Zhao Yingying Inventor after: Yang Zhongnian Inventor after: Tang Liang Inventor after: Liu Qihui Inventor after: Huang Teng Inventor after: Chen Hongwei Inventor after: Wang Yixiang Inventor before: Ling Xianchang Inventor before: Hu Yiru Inventor before: Yang Zhongnian Inventor before: Tang Liang Inventor before: Liu Qihui Inventor before: Huang Teng Inventor before: Chen Hongwei Inventor before: Wang Yixiang Inventor before: Chen Yan |