RU2309126C1 - Method of production of the mineral medical-table drinking water "akseenya" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing industry; public health; medicine; methods of production of the mineral medical-table drinking water.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to production of the purified artesian waters having the high physiological value and used in the capacity of the potable medical-table water. The method may be used at purification of the natural waters before the waters bottling or pouting into the other hermetic containers. Production of the mineral medical-table drinking water "Akseenya" includes filtration of the source natural water, its disinfection by the ultraviolet rays, saturation with carbon dioxide and its bottling. For production of the hydrocarbonate-sulfate sodium-calcium mineral medical table drinking water in the capacity of the source water use the natural(mineral water from the Sarmatian water-bearing stratum of the well №76194 or the well №81275. Before filtration exercise aeration of the source natural water, and after decontamination the water is additionally filtered through the secondary filter with the resolving power of 5-10 microns. The produced purified water contains: calcium cations - 150-200 mg/dm³, a magnesium - 40-60 mg/dm³, sodium + potassium - from 100 up to 200.0 mg/dm³, anions of the hydrocarbonates - 400-550 mg/dm³, sulfates - 400-550 mg/dm³, chlorides < 120 mg/dm³ at total mineralization of 1.0-2.0 g/dm³, with the total hardness of 11.5-13.5 mole/dm³ and pH of 6.5-8.5. In the preferential version the filtration after the aeration is conducted with the help of the sand filters, and at the stage of the filtration after decontamination - using the 5 microns secondary filter. Before the bottling the drinking water at the temperature of 9-13°C is saturated with the carbon dioxide of the mass share of 0.3-0.5 %. The method ensures production of the mineral medical-table drinking water with hydrocarbonate-sulfate calcium- sodium mineralization of the high degree purity balanced with respect to the ions of magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, sulfate and hydrocarbonate. The invention also expands the assortment of the produced hydrocarbonate mineral medical-table drinking waters due to the right selection of the combination of the methods of treatment of the source natural waters.

EFFECT: the invention ensures production of the mineral medical-table drinking water with hydrocarbonate-sulfate calcium-sodium mineralization of the high degree purity balanced with respect to the ions of magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, sulfate and hydrocarbonate and also expands the assortment of the produced hydrocarbonate mineral medical-table drinking waters.

4 cl, 5 tbl

Description

The invention relates to the preparation of purified artesian waters of high physiological value and used as drinking, medicinal and table water, in medical and dietary practice, in food production at food factories, in the preparation of juices, drinks, and can be used in the purification of natural water before bottling water in bottles and other sealed containers.

Bottled mineral waters of various compositions are becoming more widespread. The main requirements for bottled mineral waters include safety for the human body, high purity, improved organoleptic properties, balanced chemical composition of elements and a relatively long shelf life. Mineral drinking water, in addition to the above properties, must necessarily have physiological usefulness and contain micro and macro elements necessary for the human body, among which calcium and magnesium play a very important role. Calcium is the main building material for building bone and muscle tissue, magnesium is necessary to strengthen the human immune system and to optimize the functioning of the human cardiovascular system. It was found that the optimal ratio of calcium and magnesium should be 3-4: 2.

A known method of preparing drinking water "Elizabeth" (RU, No. 2100941, C1, 01/10/1998). This water is salt-conditioned and its preparation technology involves mixing 10-11: 1 of the original artesian mineral water with pre-desalinated reverse osmosis to a total salt content of not more than 0.06 mg / dm ^{3 of} this artesian mineral water. The original sodium chloride natural mineral water of the Gdov aquifer has a total mineralization of 3-4 mg / dm ³ , contains cations: potassium 13.0-25.0 mg / dm ³ , sodium 1200-1500 mg / dm ³ , magnesium 50.0 -90.0 mg / dm ³ , calcium 100-140 mg / dm ³ and chlorine anions 2000-2500 mg / dm ³ . The resulting drinking water with a calcium content of 8-14 mg / dm ³ , magnesium 2-9 mg / dm ³ , potassium 1-3 mg / dm ³ , with a total hardness of not more than 7 mol / dm ³ and a pH of 6-8, is physiologically complete free from impurities and has high organoleptic, microbiological and toxicological indicators. But the production of drinking water by known technology requires the availability of source natural mineral waters of a certain component composition. In addition, the disadvantage is the lack of purification of the source water due to the lack of a full complex of preliminary water treatment and insufficient healing activity of the resulting water.

A known method of producing drinking mineral water, including aeration of a liquid with a mixture containing a noble gas, filling and capping in containers, and argon is used as a noble gas. The argon content in the gas mixture is maintained in an amount of at least 3 vol.%, And the treatment is carried out until the equilibrium concentration of gas in the liquid is achieved (RU, No. 2218055, C1, 12/10/2003). The technical result of the known method is to increase the biological value of water and drinks based on them by reducing the concentration of long-lived radicals that are dangerous when a person consumes food. However, this method does not provide for the physiological usefulness of the water obtained in relation to the micro and macro elements necessary for the human body, especially calcium and magnesium in the optimal ratio.

There is also known a method of preparing mineral medicinal table water, which consists in the fact that natural mineral water is cooled to 4-10 ° C, filtered, saturated with carbon dioxide and poured (RU, No. 2271728, C2, 03.20.2006). At the same time, highly mineralized thermal water of the Tavda mineral water deposit is used as natural mineral water, which is mixed with drinking water in a ratio of 1: (3.5-4.5) to obtain mineral water with a total mineralization of 3.0-4.0 g / dm ³ , containing (mg / dm ³ ): sodium + potassium 900-1300, calcium 50-150, magnesium <50, chlorides 1600-2400, sulfates <50, bicarbonates 40-325, iodide 2.0-4.5. Then the water is subjected to disinfection and filtration, followed by saturation with carbon dioxide. Tavdinskaya mineral water can be used to treat patients with chronic gastritis with normal and decreased secretory function of the stomach, chronic colitis and enterocolitis, chronic diseases of the liver and biliary tract, chronic pancreatitis. An important advantage of this water over other types of water is the possibility of using it also for the treatment and prevention of thyroid diseases. However, although the obtained mineral water can be used as a canteen, since it has high organoleptic characteristics, it still has a slightly salted taste, contains a large amount of chlorides with an overall high mineralization and low content of calcium and magnesium.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method for producing mineral drinking medical and table water containing calcium cations 400-650 mg / dm ³ , magnesium 50-150 mg / dm ³ , (Na ⁺ + K ⁺ ) 100-400 mg / ^dm3 anions CI ^- 200-400 mg / dm ^3, SO ^2- _4, 1100-2000 mg / dm ^3, HCO ^- _3, 200-450 mg / dm ³ with a total salinity of 2.0-4.0 mg / dm ³ and having a pH of 6.8-7.1 (RU 2156093 C1, 09/20/2000). According to the method, the initial water is cooled to 4-10 ° C, filtered, disinfected with ultraviolet rays, saturated with carbon dioxide and poured, while water of the Upper Devonian Lebedyansky aquifer from a depth of 179-212 m is used to obtain sulfate magnesium-calcium water (well No. 1 R / E on the site of Korablinsky, the city of Korablino, Ryazan region). The advantage of this method is to improve the healing properties of the mineral medicinal-table drinking water, as well as expanding the range of produced mineral waters. The resulting mineral drinking water has high organoleptic characteristics and has a taste characteristic of this mineralization; clear, colorless and odorless. The shelf life of mineral drinking medicinal table water is 6 months from the date of bottling. The disadvantage of this method is the strong cooling of the water, which can lead to a decrease in the solubility of the salts contained in the water and their precipitation. In addition, the water obtained has an insufficient shelf life and belongs to sulphate magnesium-calcium waters.

The presence of a source of natural water of a different qualitative and quantitative composition necessitates the search for other approaches to the treatment of the source water, while observing also the more physiological ratio of mineral salts in the final product.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the claimed invention is the development of a method for obtaining a high degree of purity of mineral, medicinal-table drinking water with bicarbonate-sulphate sodium-calcium mineralization, balanced by ions of magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, sulfate and bicarbonate, as well as the expansion assortment of produced bicarbonate mineral medicinal-table drinking water due to the selection of a combination of methods of processing the source of natural water.

The inventive method meets the conditions of patentability "novelty" and "inventive step", as a set of operations has been developed that provides drinking conditioned water of high physiologically full quality from a natural source and with a significant shelf life of up to one year.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the method of preparing mineral hydrocarbonate-sulfate sodium-calcium drinking water, natural mineral water of the Sarmatian aquifer of a well No. 76194 or No. 81275 (depth 85 and 87 m) with a total salinity of 1.0-2.0 g / DM ^{3 is} preliminarily subjected to aeration, for which water is supplied to an aeration unit, where it is saturated with atmospheric oxygen, which provides oxidation of organic substances, hydrogen sulfide and manganese compounds, the conversion of 2-valent iron to 3-valent iron with the formation flakes of iron hydroxide, which are further precipitated in sand filters. Filtration through high-performance filters provides mechanical retention of iron and manganese oxides, suspended and mechanical particles. Then the water enters the storage tank, from which it is pumped to the sterilization unit with ultraviolet light (disinfection of water from microorganisms), after which the water passes through a fine filter with a resolution of 5-10 microns, preferably 5 microns. The fine filter cartridge is made of a polypropylene cord FCPP 5. To obtain carbonated water, carbon dioxide is saturated with a mass fraction of at least 0.3%, preferably 0.3-0.5%. The temperature of the water entering for saturation with carbon dioxide should be 9-13 ° C. Water cooling is carried out in continuously operating flowing refrigeration units, completely eliminating contact with air. Saturation with carbon dioxide gives the water a certain taste and increases the shelf life. As a result of all operations, mineral, medicinal-table, drinking bicarbonate-sulphate sodium-calcium water called "Aksinya" and containing calcium cations of 150-200 mg / dm ³ , magnesium 40-60 mg / dm ³ , sodium + potassium from 100 up to 200.0 mg / dm ³ , anions of bicarbonates 400-550 mg / dm ³ , sulfates 400-550 mg / dm ³ , chlorides <120 mg / dm ³ , with a total mineralization of 1.0-2.0 g / dm ³ , with a total hardness of 11.5-13.5 mol / dm ³ and a pH of 6.5-8.5.

The treatment of the source water with the indicated methods leads to the production of low-mineralized ecologically pure water, physiologically complete due to the balanced content of magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, sulfate and bicarbonate salts in it, which has high organoleptic properties and satisfactory microbiological and toxicological parameters.

The resulting mineral water allows you to expand the range of medical and table mineral waters and can be used for chronic gastritis, colitis, enterocolitis, pancreatitis, liver and biliary tract diseases, metabolic disease, uncomplicated peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum outside the acute phase.

For the preparation of drinking purified water, Aksinya uses the natural water of the Sarmatian aquifer (horizon) as the initial product - cold water from the underground source of artesian wells No. 76194 and No. 81275 from Sarmatian Neogene sediments 85 m and 87 m deep, with temperatures from 15 to 18 degrees. The water-bearing rocks are fine-grained gray sands with shells, the water inflow interval is from 68 to 87 m. This water is characterized as low-mineralized water with hydrocarbonate-sulphate and sodium-calcium mineralization without specific components and properties, a neutral-slightly alkaline reaction, it belongs to the group according to temperature cold sources, that is, temperatures below 20 ° C. Natural mineral water for medical treatment and table drinking "Aksinya" is a product of industrial purification of the original natural mineral table water for drinking water extracted from artesian wells No. 76194 and 81275 with the subsequent removal of elements of ferrous and ferric manganese from their ion-salt composition, sulfides, organic non-volatile compounds and humic substances.

An example of a process description.

Water from a well, for example, No. 76194, is pumped into a receiving tank installed in a water treatment unit using deep pumps. From the tank, water is pumped to the aeration unit and from there to sand filters, where the products of oxidation of iron, manganese, sulfides, organic non-volatile compounds and humic substances are removed from the water. Thus, the natural mineral medicinal-table drinking water “Aksinya” is a product of the industrial processing of natural mineral water extracted from an artesian well, with the subsequent removal of elements of ferrous and ferric iron, manganese, sulfides, organic non-volatile compounds from the ion-salt composition of the initial water humic substances.

In an aeration unit, water is saturated with atmospheric oxygen. The aeration unit consists of an air atomizer and a ventilation compressor. The compressor draws in ambient air. The filter on the suction side protects the compressor from the ingress of coarse particles. At the outlet, air passes through a fine filter and clean oil-free and sterile filtered air is supplied to the aerator. The membrane aerator is designed to evenly distribute air automatically in the product flow

Upon contact with atmospheric oxygen in water, the oxidation of divalent Fe ²⁺ (iron) and Mn ^{+ 2} (manganese) to Fe ³⁺ and Mn ^{4+ occurs} , forming insoluble mineral compounds; sulfides are oxidized to colloidal sulfur; organic non-volatile compounds and humic substances - to difficultly oxidized organomineral compounds and all these oxidation products are deposited in sand filters, the results are shown in table 1.

Table 1. No. p / p name of indicator unit indicator value source water water after filtration one. permanganate
oxidizability mgO / dm ³ 1.7 0.5 2. color degree 24.5 0 3. total iron mg / dm ³ 1,5 out four. manganese mg / dm ³ 0.18 less than 0.01 5. organic non-volatile compounds mg / dm ³ 1.94 out 6. humic substances mg / dm ³ 3.0 out 7. sulfides mg / dm ³ 0.02 out 8. mineralization mg / dm ³ 1428.0 1395.5

The water supply to the sand filters is carried out in parallel flow simultaneously into four filters so that the water passes through only one sand filter. Sand filters are equipped with a device for backwashing with water and air, in order to loosen the entire filter layer, as a result of which an effective mechanical cleaning from pollution is achieved. The performance of each filter is 5.3 m ³ / h. Working pressure - 0.5-2 bar. Pressure drop at the inlet and outlet of the filter - up to 0.8 bar. The backwash of the sand filters is carried out weekly with prepared water, which is supplied to the sand filters by a pump. Flushing direction - from bottom to top. A rotary compressor produces air designed to loosen the filter layer. Filtered water passes fine filters containing cartridges from a polypropylene cord FCPP 5 mic. The filter fineness in this case is 5 μm. Next, the water enters the storage tanks. Since the solubility of gases increases with decreasing temperature, the temperature of the water entering the saturation with carbon dioxide should be 9-13 ° C. Water cooling is carried out in continuously operating flowing refrigeration units, completely eliminating the contact of water with air. Next, the chilled water is treated with ultraviolet light and fed to a saturator for saturation with carbon dioxide. In chilled water, control the temperature, which should be 9-13 ° C. And the control of the disinfection process is carried out by the marked warning lights of the control panel of the ultraviolet installation. Carbon dioxide from the station passes through a four-stage purification filter. After disinfection, carbonated water is saturated with carbon dioxide by mass fraction of not less than 0.3% to obtain sparkling water, which gives the water certain taste properties, increases its shelf life, and all these operations are performed automatically. The resulting water is bottled. The characteristic of the obtained water, in a specific example, according to the salinity and content of basic ions, corresponds to the following indicators. The main ionic composition of water, anions: bicarbonates - 500.2 mg / dm ³ , sulfates - 424.8 mg / dm ³ , chlorides - 71.61 mg / dm ³ , cations: calcium - 170.34 mg / dm ³ , magnesium - 42.56 mg / dm ³ , sodium - 117.94 mg / dm ³ , potassium - 2.33 mg / dm ³ . The total hardness was 12.0 mol / dm ³ , the total mineralization was 1.3 g / dm ³ , and the pH was 6.65 units.

Mineral medicinal-table drinking water “Aksinya” can be produced in two types, both carbonated and non-carbonated. The technology of the produced mineral medicinal-table drinking water "Aksinya" meets the requirements of sanitary norms, rules and standards.

According to organoleptic characteristics, mineral water for treatment and drinking water "Aksinya" meets the requirements specified in table 2.

table 2 Name of indicator Characteristic Appearance Transparent liquid without impurities with a slight natural precipitation of mineral salts Color Colorless liquid Taste Fresh, without foreign tastes, characteristic for a complex of dissolved substances Smell Without smell

According to the chemical composition, mineralization, and content of basic ions, the mineral water “Aksinya” mineral packaged water, packaged in a container, complies with the standards established in table 3.

Table 3 Name of indicator unit of measurement Indicator value Control method 3.1 Generalized indicators Total mineralization (solids) mg / l from 1000 to 2000 inclusive GOST 18164 Mass fraction of carbon dioxide % from 0.3 to 0.5 inclusive GOST R 51153 3.2 Physico-chemical indicators Calcium (Ca ²⁺ ) mg / l from 150 to 200 inclusive GOST 23268.5 Magnesium (Mg ²⁺ ) mg / l from 40 to 60 inclusive GOST 23268.5 Sodium (Na ⁺ ) plus Potassium (K ⁺ ) mg / l from 100 to 200 inclusive GOST 51309 GOST 23268.6 GOST 23268.7 RD 5224.391 Sulphates (SO ₄ ^2- ), no more mg / l from 400 to 550 inclusive GOST 23268.4 ISO 10304 Chlorides (Cl ^- ), mg / l up to 120 inclusive GOST 23268.17 Fluoride ion (F ^- ), mg / l no more than 2.0 GOST 4386 GOST 23268.18 ISO 10304 Iodide ion (I ^- ), mg / l no more than 1,0 GOST 23268.16 MUK 4.1.1090 Bromide ion (Br ^- ), no more mg / l no more than 5,0 GOST 23268.15 ISO 10304 UMI-87 Nitrates (NO ₃ ^- ) no more mg / l 50,0 GOST 23268.9 RD 52.24.380 Bicarbonate ion (HCO ₃ ⁺ ) mg / l from 400 to 550 inclusive GOST 23268.3 3.3 Toxic metals Common iron
(Fe ²⁺ plus Fe ³⁺ ) mg / l no more than 0.3 GOST 4011 Aluminum mg / l no more than 0.2 GOST 51309 Manganese mg / l no more than 0,05 GOST R 51309 Mercury mg / l no more than 0,005 GOST 51212 PND F 14.1: 2: 4.160 Selenium mg / dm ³ no more than 0.1 GOST R 51309 GOST 19413 Lead mg / dm ³ no more than 0.1 GOST 51309 GOST 18293 PND F 14.1: 2: 4.41 3.4 Toxic non-metallic elements Arsenic mg / dm ³ no more than 0.1 GOST 51309 GOST 4152 RD 52.24.378 ISO 11969 Boron (B) mg / l no more than 0.5 GOST R 51210 3.5 Organic pollution indicators Permanganate oxidation, not more than mgO ₂ / l 3.0 GOST 23268.12 PND F 14.2: 4.154 Nitrites (NO ₂ ^- ), no more mg / l 2.0 GOST 23268.8 RD 52.24.380 MUK 4.1.065 ISO 10304

The content of toxic elements and radionuclides does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations established by SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01 (clause 1.8.2) and indicated in table 4.

Table 4 Name of indicator unit of measurement Value of an indicator, no more Control method Radiation Safety Indicators Specific Total α-Radioactivity Bq / L 0.1 GOST R 51730 ISO 9696-92 Specific total β-radioactivity Bq / L 1,0 GOST R 51730 ISO 9697-92 Cesium-137 Bq / L 8.0 incl. MUK 2.6.1.717-98 Strontium-90 Bq / L 8.0 incl. GOST 23950; ISO 11885; MU 5779-91 MUK 2.6.1.717-98

The safety of Aksinya mineral medicinal-table drinking water according to microbiological indicators is determined by its compliance with the requirements of SanPiN 2.3.2.1078-01 (1.8.2), shown in table 5.

Table 5 Name of indicator unit of measurement Quality standard Test method Bacteriological indicators TBC at a temperature of 37 ° C CFU / ml no more than 100 GOST R 51446-99
ISO 9308-1
MP No. 96/225 Common coliform bacteria CFU / 100 ml absence in 100 ml GOST P 51446-99
ISO 9308-1
ISO 9308-2
MP No. 96/225 Thermo-tolerant coliform bacteria CFU / 100 ml absence in 100 ml GOST P 51446-99
ISO 9308-1
MP No. 96/225 Pseudomonas aeruginosa PFU / 100 ml absence in 100 ml MP No. 96/225

The shelf life of the mineral medicinal-table drinking water “Aksinya” is at least 12 months from the day of the spill. During long-term storage of Aksinya mineral water precipitation of mineral salts is allowed. Mineral medicinal-table drinking water “Aksinya” is stored in ventilated warehouses, protected from moisture and direct sunlight at temperatures from plus 5 ° C to plus 20 ° C and relative humidity not higher than 85%.

Thus, the resulting new water with the assigned name - “Aksinya”, prepared according to the claimed method using natural artesian water of the Sarmatian aquifer (horizon) as the source water, in compliance with sanitary rules, norms and standards, according to organoleptic characteristics, chemical composition, mineralization, the content of basic ions, the content of toxic elements and radionuclides, as well as microbiological indicators, meets all the requirements of tables 1-4 in TU 9185-001-42705387-04 (instead 9185-001-42705387-96 TU n).

New water meets the requirements of the World Health Organization, is physiologically complete due to the balanced content of calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium salts, bicarbonates and sulfates, a high degree of purity and has high organoleptic, microbiological and toxicological indicators. The proposed method for the preparation of mineral water also allows you to expand the range of hydrocarbonate-sulfate sodium-calcium mineral water of various salinity, produced for sale in sealed containers.

Claims (4)

1. The method of preparation of mineral medicinal-table drinking water, including filtering the source of natural water, disinfection with ultraviolet rays, saturation with carbon dioxide and bottling, characterized in that for the production of hydrocarbonate-sulfate sodium-calcium mineral table water drinking water is used as source water natural mineral water of the Sarmatian aquifer of well No. 76194 or No. 81275, and before filtration, aeration of the source of natural water is carried out, and after disinfection additional They are additionally filtered through a fine filter with a resolution of 5-10 microns and get purified water with a content of calcium cations of 150-200 mg / dm ³ , magnesium 40-60 mg / dm ³ , sodium + potassium from 100 to 200.0 mg / dm ³ , anions of bicarbonates 400-550 mg / dm ³ , sulfates 400-550 mg / dm ³ , chlorides <120 mg / dm ³ , with a total salinity of 1.0-2.0 g / dm ³ , with a total hardness of 11.5 -13.5 mol / dm ³ and a pH of 6.5-8.5. 2. The method of preparation of mineral medicinal-table drinking water according to claim 1, characterized in that the filtration after aeration is carried out on sand filters. 3. The method of preparation of mineral medicinal-table drinking water according to claim 1, characterized in that at the filtration stage after disinfection, it is preferable to use a fine filter of polypropylene fiber with a resolution of 5 μm. 4. The method of preparation of mineral medicinal-table drinking water according to claim 1, characterized in that at the final stage, before bottling, mineral medicinal-table drinking water at 9-13 ° C is saturated with carbon dioxide with a mass fraction of 0.3-0, 5%.