RU2308011C1 - Bench for testing ball bearings - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: bench comprises base, electric motor mounted on the base, automatic control unit, top and bottom transverse levers, and mechanism for loading ball bearings. The mechanism for loading ball bearings is made of gear boxes, bridge, crank mechanism, and hydraulic system. The hydraulic system has second electric motor and hydraulic cylinder connected with the hydraulic pump. The unit for automatic control is set in operation with the second electric motor.

EFFECT: expanded functional capabilities.

1 dwg

Description

The test bench for ball bearings relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the test benches for testing car components, and can be used when testing ball bearings of the suspension of cars.

A well-known stand [1] for testing the steering knuckles of vehicles, containing a base with running drums fixed to it, connected to the drive, vertical, lateral loading and turning mechanisms, made in the form of double-acting pneumatic cylinders of a pneumatic distributor and regulation system.

The disadvantage is that this bench does not provide a loading mechanism for testing the ball bearings of cars.

Of the known closest in technical essence is the stand [2] for testing steering link hinges, containing a bed, a gear motor with two output shafts, connecting levers, the loading mechanism of the tested hinges.

The disadvantage is that this stand does not allow to expand the range of dynamic loads and simulate loads characteristic of the actual operating conditions of the ball bearing of the vehicle suspension. Unlike the steering link hinge, the ball joint is the suspension bearing unit to which the vehicle’s payload is transferred taking into account the dynamic action of the load.

The present invention is aimed at expanding the range of dynamic loads, determining their service life and allows you to simulate loads characteristic of the actual operating conditions of the ball suspension of the vehicle.

This is achieved by the fact that the test bench for ball joints, comprising a bed, an electric motor mounted on it, an automatic control unit, upper and lower wishbones and a mechanism for loading the ball bearings, according to the invention, the mechanism for loading the ball bearings is made in the form of gearboxes connected in series, a bridge, a crank mechanism connected through steering knuckles and upper and lower wishbones with ball bearings, and a hydraulic system including a second electric a motor, a double-acting hydraulic cylinder connected to a hydraulic pump combined with a second electric motor through a spool type distributor, the automatic control unit being driven by a second electric motor.

The introduction of new elements and the relationships between them ensures the performance of tests of ball bearings of the suspension of cars in different loading modes.

The drawing schematically shows a General view of the stand.

The test bench for ball bearings contains:

1 - bed

2 - electric motor,

3 - gearbox,

4 - gearbox,

5 - bridge

6 - crank mechanism,

7 - rotary fist,

8, 9 - ball bearings,

10 - upper wishbone,

11 - lower wishbone,

12 - spring

13 - transverse thrust

14 - double-acting hydraulic cylinder,

15 - valve spool type

16 - automatic control unit,

17 - hydraulic pump,

18 - electric motor.

On the stand for testing ball bearings, shown in the drawing, to the bed 1 along the axial line are connected interconnected in series: an electric motor 2, a gearbox 3, a gearbox 4, with a bridge 5 fixed perpendicular to the axial line of the bed in a horizontal plane.

Above the bridge 5 to the bed are attached: a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14 connected to a transverse link 13 connecting the steering knuckles 7, as well as the upper wishbones 10 and lower wishbones 11 connected to each other by the knuckles 7 on the ball bearings 8, 9.

Above the bridge 5 between the frame 1 and the lower wishbone 11 are the springs 12, the knuckles 7 and the bridge 5 are interconnected by a crank mechanism 6.

Along the edge of the frame 1 along the axial line are located: an electric motor 18, combined with a hydraulic pump 17, an automatic control unit 16, kinematically connected to a spool type distributor 15.

The stand for testing ball bearings as follows.

From the control panel, the electric motor 2 is turned on, transmitting the torque sequentially to the gearboxes 3 and 4, to the bridge 5, the crank mechanism 6, which drives the rotary fist 7, which transfers the given load to the ball bearings 8, 9, connected with by transverse levers 10 and 11, overcoming the compression force of the spring 12. The magnitude of the force loading the ball bearings is regulated by changing the installation radius of the crank mechanism. The frequency of the generated force is regulated by the selection of the gear ratio of the gears of the gearboxes 3.4.

The transverse rod 13, pivotally mounted on the knuckles 7, is driven by a kinematically connected double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14, operating on the difference in pressure of the working fluid entering its working cavities from the spool type pressure distributor 15.

The working fluid enters the spool type pressure distributor 15, kinematically connected to the automatic control unit 16 from the hydraulic pump 17, combined with an electric motor 18.

The automatic control unit 16 according to predetermined programs involving rotations of the knuckles 7 to different angles at different speeds, changing the position of the spool of the spool type 15, changes the direction of movement of the working fluid, which flows alternately into the right and left cavities of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 14, which causes translational movement of the rod and the associated transverse thrust 13 and, accordingly, the turns of the knuckles 7.

A hydraulic system including a hydraulic cylinder 14, a hydraulic pump 17 combined with an electric motor 18, a spool type pressure distributor 15, an automatic control unit 16 are driven by an electric motor 18.

The work of the stand provides an imitation of the operating conditions of the ball bearings. In particular, the reproduction of loads created by the crank mechanism is similar to the reproduction of loads caused by irregularities in the road surface.

The proposed stand allows

- create a complex movement of the knuckle, thereby ensuring the load on the ball bearings is adequate to real conditions,

- to increase the range of values and frequencies of the application of dynamic loads, reflecting the actual operation of the ball bearings of the suspension of a car, using a stepped system for changing the transmission of torque,

- perform tests with symmetric or asymmetric movement of the upper and lower levers of the left and right sides of the suspension,

- perform simultaneous testing of four ball bearings to reduce test time,

Information sources

1. A.S. 966532, 10/15/82. Bull. No. 38.

2. Patent SU 1182315 A, G01M 17/06.

Claims (1)

A test bench for ball bearings, comprising a bed, an electric motor mounted on it, an automatic control unit, upper and lower wishbones and a mechanism for loading ball bearings, characterized in that the mechanism for loading ball bearings is made in the form of series-connected gearboxes, a bridge, a crank a connecting rod mechanism connected through steering knuckles and upper and lower wishbones with ball bearings, and a hydraulic system including a second electric motor, a double cylinder action associated with a hydraulic pump combined with a second electric motor through a spool type distributor, while the automatic control unit is driven by a second electric motor.