CN107741323A - A kind of resilient bushing fatigue tester - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of resilient bushing fatigue tester, belongs to piece test apparatus field, including axially loaded mechanism, is connected with the interior steel bushing of the resilient bushing, applies axial force to the interior steel bushing of the resilient bushing；Radial loaded mechanism, it is connected with the outer steel sleeve of the resilient bushing, applies radial load to the outer steel sleeve of the resilient bushing；First twist mechanism, it is connected with the interior steel bushing of the resilient bushing, drives the interior steel bushing of the resilient bushing back and forth to be reversed around the central shaft of the resilient bushing；Second twist mechanism, it is connected with the outer steel sleeve of the resilient bushing, drives the outer steel sleeve of the resilient bushing back and forth to be reversed around its radial direction.Resilient bushing fatigue tester provided by the invention, possesses the advantages that simple in construction, functional and versatility are high, can make the tired force simulation of resilient bushing closer in true stress.

Description

An elastic bushing fatigue testing machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of component testing equipment, in particular to an elastic bushing fatigue testing machine.

Background technique

With the development of the automobile industry, automobiles have become an indispensable means of transportation for most people, and people have higher and higher requirements for the performance and reliability of automobiles. The elastic bearing bush has the advantages of attenuating and absorbing high-frequency vibration and noise, as well as small size and light weight. As an important shock-absorbing component, it is widely used in places where the automobile is stressed, such as the frame and torsion beam. , connecting rods and control arms. The structure of the elastic bearing bush usually includes an outer steel sleeve, an inner steel sleeve, and a rubber bush arranged between the outer steel sleeve and the inner steel sleeve. When the car is running, the elastic bearing bush is subjected to various complex and changeable loads such as torsion, tilt, axial and radial, which will lead to fatigue failure of the rubber bushing, and separation and tearing may occur at the joint between rubber and metal And rubber crack aging and other phenomena seriously affect the reliability, ride comfort and riding comfort of the automotive system. Therefore, the performance of the elastic bearing bush needs to be tested in various aspects before development or production, to simulate various stresses of the elastic bearing bush in the working environment and to carry out fatigue tests.

The prior art discloses a biaxial fatigue durability test bench for rubber bushings, which includes a radial loading device and a swing loading device, wherein the radial loading device includes a first linear actuator and a bushing fixture, and the bushing fixture Tighten the outer ring of the rubber bushing to be tested, and the radial loading force of the first linear actuator acts on the rubber bushing to be tested through the bushing fixture; the swing loading device includes the second linear actuator and the swing transmission mechanism, one end of the swing transmission mechanism is connected to the loading end of the second linear actuator, and the other end is connected to the bushing fixture through the rubber bushing to be tested, and the linear loading force of the second linear actuator is converted through the swing transmission mechanism is the swinging moment that drives the rubber bushing to be tested to swing around its center.

Although the rubber bushing biaxial fatigue endurance test rig mentioned above can load the rubber bushing with axial force and swing moment, the force on the rubber bushing is complicated when the car is running, not only the axial force and swinging moment, and also be subjected to the combination of radial force and rotational moment around the center and other forces. Therefore, it is difficult for the above-mentioned test bench to simulate the complex stress situation of rubber bushings in automotive systems.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an elastic bush fatigue testing machine, so that the stress simulation of the elastic bush is closer to the real stress.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An elastic bushing fatigue testing machine, comprising:

an axial loading mechanism, connected with the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing, and applying axial force to the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing;

The radial loading mechanism is connected with the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing, and applies a radial force to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing;

The first torsion mechanism is connected with the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bush, and drives the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bush to twist back and forth around the central axis of the elastic bush;

The second torsion mechanism is connected with the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush, and drives the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush to twist back and forth around its radial direction.

Preferably, the elastic bushing is sleeved and fixed on the connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the axial loading mechanism, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first torsion mechanism; The block is connected to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing, the second torsion mechanism is connected to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing through the second clamping block, and the first clamping block is connected to the second clamping block And clamp the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing in the radial direction of the outer steel sleeve. Through the connecting rod, the axial loading mechanism and the first torsion mechanism can apply axial force and/or torque to the inner surface of the elastic bush; through the first block and the second block, the radial loading mechanism and the second torsion mechanism Radial force and/or moment can be applied to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush, so that the fatigue testing machine can apply various combinations of forces to the elastic bush, so that the simulated force of the elastic bush is closer to the real force.

Preferably, the radial loading mechanism includes a radial loading rod and a first piston cylinder connected to and drives the radial loading rod, the radial loading rod is fixedly connected to the first block; the axial loading The mechanism includes an axial loading rod and a second piston cylinder connected to and driving the axial loading rod, and the axial loading rod is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod.

Preferably, a first adapter sleeve is connected between the radial loading rod and the first piston cylinder, the first adapter sleeve is fixedly connected to the first piston cylinder, and the radial loading rod A first rolling bearing is arranged between the first adapter sleeve; a second adapter sleeve is connected between the axial loading rod and the second piston cylinder, and the second adapter sleeve and the first The two piston cylinders are fixedly connected, and a second rolling bearing is arranged between the axial loading rod and the second adapter sleeve. By arranging the first rolling bearing and the first adapter sleeve, the influence of the torsional motion loading of the first torsion mechanism on the axial loading mechanism can be eliminated; by arranging the second rolling bearing and the second adapter sleeve, the influence of the second torsion mechanism can be eliminated Effects of torsional motion loading on radially loaded mechanisms.

Preferably, the first torsional mechanism includes a first torsional loading rod and a first torsional actuator connected to and driving the first torsional loading rod to reciprocate around the axis of the first torsional loading rod, the first torsional actuator The axis of the torsional loading rod coincides with the central axis, and one end of the first torsional loading rod that is not connected to the first torsional actuator is connected to the other end of the connecting rod;

The second torsion mechanism includes a second torsion loading rod and a second torsion actuator connected to and driving the second torsion loading rod to reciprocate around the axial direction of the second torsion loading rod, the second torsion loading The axis of the rod coincides with the radial direction, and one end of the second torsion loading rod not connected to the second torsion actuator is fixedly connected to the second block.

Preferably, both the first torsionally loaded rod and the second torsionally loaded rod are ball splines. When the spline shaft of the ball spline has an axial translational movement, the spline shaft drives the balls between the spline shaft and the spline sleeve to translate in the axial direction, so that the translational movement of the spline shaft is eliminated by the balls It will be transmitted to the spline sleeve, so that the influence of the axial translation movement of the axial loading mechanism on the torsional loading of the first torsion mechanism and the influence of the translation movement of the radial loading mechanism on the torsional loading of the second torsion mechanism can be eliminated.

Preferably, the first torsion loading rod is supported on the torsion fixing seat, and a third rolling bearing is arranged between the first torsion loading rod and the torsion fixing seat.

Preferably, the first torsion actuator includes a first deflection arm, a first connecting swing rod and a third piston cylinder that are sequentially connected in rotation, and one end of the first deflecting arm that is not connected to the first connecting swing rod passes through then secure the first torsionally loaded rod.

Preferably, the first torsional actuator is a first rotary cylinder, and the first rotary cylinder is connected to the first torsional loading rod through a flange.

Preferably, the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush is provided with a universal sleeve, and the universal sleeve abuts against both the inner surface of the first clamping block and the inner surface of the second clamping block. By setting the universal sleeve, fatigue tests can be performed on elastic bushes of different types and sizes without changing other settings of the elastic bush fatigue testing machine, which makes the fatigue testing machine more versatile.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The elastic bushing fatigue testing machine provided by the present invention can reproduce the torsion, axial Direct, radial and inclined single or combined force, so that the force condition of the elastic bushing is closer to the force condition in the actual working state, so that the simulation results are more authentic and reliable, and better realized The simulation test of the road spectrum has strong test functionality and good test accuracy.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the elastic bushing fatigue testing machine of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of I place in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is another schematic structural view of the elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of J in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view along the x direction of the elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view at K in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of L place in Fig. 5;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view along the y direction of the elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged view at M in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a partial enlarged view at N in Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the first block in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the second clamping block in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of an elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

The markings in the figure are as follows:

10-elastic bushing; 11-first block; 111-first arc surface; 112-connection bump; 12-second block; 121-second arc surface; 122-connection groove; 13- Connecting rod; 14-universal sleeve; 15-the first lock nut;

2-radial loading mechanism; 21-radial loading rod; 22-first piston cylinder; 221-first piston rod; 23-first adapter sleeve; 24-end cover; 25-first rolling bearing; 26-the first Two locking nuts; 27-the first translation fixed seat;

3-Axial loading mechanism; 31-Axial loading rod; 32-Second piston cylinder; 33-Second adapter sleeve; 37-Second translation fixed seat;

4-first torsion mechanism; 41-first torsion loading rod; 411-spline shaft; 412-spline sleeve; 42-third piston cylinder; 43-first deflection arm; 431-flange; 432-deflection 44-set rod; 45-torsion fixed seat; 451-third rolling bearing; 452-connection key; 453-first connecting flange; 454-first circlip; 455-second circlip; 456- Inner retaining ring; 46-first connecting swing rod; 461-joint bearing; 47-second connecting flange; 471-first flange; 472-second flange; 473-fixing block; 410-first rotary cylinder;

5-second torsion mechanism; 51-second torsion loading rod; 52-fourth piston cylinder; 53-second deflection arm; 553-third connecting flange; 56-second connecting swing rod; 510-second rotation cylinder;

6-test bench; 61-ruler.

detailed description

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. In addition, it should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only some structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings but not all structures.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an elastic bushing fatigue testing machine, including an axial loading mechanism 3 capable of applying an axial force to the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 along the central axis of the elastic bushing 10 , the radial loading mechanism 2 that can apply radial force to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush 10 along the radial direction of the elastic bush 10, the first torsion mechanism 4 that can drive the elastic bush 10 to reciprocate around the central axis, and the The second twisting mechanism 5 drives the elastic bushing 10 to twist around the radial direction. Through the single or combined action of the axial loading mechanism 3 and the first torsion mechanism 4, the axial force and/or moment experienced by the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 during actual operation can be simulated; through the radial loading mechanism 2 The single or joint action of the second torsion mechanism 5 can simulate the radial force and/or moment that the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 is subjected to during actual operation. By controlling these four mechanisms to individually or jointly load the movement, The torsion, inclination, axial and radial stress of the elastic bush 10 can be realized alone or in combination, so that the stress of the elastic bush 10 is closer to its stress condition during the operation of the automobile, and the fatigue test data is more accurate. In order to be accurate, the road spectrum simulation test can also be better realized.

The axial loading mechanism 3, the radial loading mechanism 2, the first torsion mechanism 4 and the second torsion mechanism 5 are all installed on the test bench 6, and the loading direction of the axial loading mechanism 3 is the same as that of the radial loading mechanism 2 and The loading direction of the second torsion mechanism 5 is vertical, and the loading direction of the first torsion mechanism 4 is perpendicular to the loading direction of the second torsion mechanism 5 . Wherein, the axial loading mechanism 3 and the first torsion mechanism 4 are respectively connected to the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 , and the radial loading mechanism 2 and the second torsion mechanism 5 are respectively connected to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 . Since there is a rubber sleeve between the inner steel sleeve and the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10, the reciprocating translational motion and/or circular twisting motion of the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 are consumed due to the elasticity of the rubber sleeve, thereby affecting the elastic bushing. The impact of the loading motion of the outer steel sleeve of the sleeve 10 is less; in the same way, the reciprocating translational motion of the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush 10 and/or the cyclic torsional motion around the axis of the elastic bush 10 are also consumed due to the elasticity of the rubber sleeve, thereby It has little influence on the loading movement of the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the first torsion mechanism 4 includes a first torsion loading rod 41 and a first torsion actuator connected to and driving the first torsion loading rod 41 to twist around the central axis of the elastic bushing 10 . In Embodiment 1, the first torsional actuator includes a first deflection arm 43 , a first connecting swing rod 46 and a third piston cylinder 42 which are sequentially connected in rotation. The first deflection arm 43 is vertically connected to a sleeve rod 44 , and the sleeve rod 44 is rotatably connected to a first connecting swing rod 46 . When the piston rod of the third piston cylinder 42 reciprocates, the piston rod drives the first connecting swing rod 46 to reciprocate along the direction perpendicular to the first torsion loading rod 41, thereby driving the first deflection arm 43 relative to the first torsion loading rod 41 The axis reciprocatingly swings, because the first deflection arm 43 swings around the axis of the first torsion loading rod 41, the first connecting swing rod 46 is not in the same straight line as the piston rod when it moves, so as to ensure the conversion of the linear translation motion of the piston rod For the swinging motion of the first deflection arm 43 , the joint bearing 461 is used to connect the first connecting swing rod 46 to the first deflection arm 43 and the piston rod.

The structure of the second torsion mechanism 5 is the same as that of the first torsion mechanism 4, including parts such as the second torsion loading rod 51, the second deflection arm 53, the second connection swing rod 56 and the fourth piston cylinder 52 connected in sequence, the difference That is, the second torsion loading rod 51 is connected to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10, when the fourth piston cylinder 52 drives the second torsion loading rod 51 to twist around the axial direction of the second torsion loading rod 51, the second torsion loading The outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush 10 driven by the rod 51 twists back and forth around the radial direction of the elastic bush 10 .

As shown in FIG. 4 , the radial loading mechanism 2 includes a radial loading rod 21 connected to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush 10 and a first piston cylinder 22 connected to and driving the radial loading rod 21 to apply radial force. In order to ensure that the loading direction of the radial loading rod 21 is perpendicular to the central axis of the elastic bushing 10, the radial loading rod 21 is supported on the first translation fixing seat 27, and the first translation fixing seat 27 is fixed on the test bench 6, and set There is a piercing hole for passing through the radial loading rod 21 , and one end of the radial loading rod 21 passes through the piercing hole and is fixedly connected with the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 . On the one hand, the first translation fixing seat 27 can support the radial loading rod 21 to prevent the axial displacement of the radial loading rod 21 under the loading of the second torsion mechanism 5; on the other hand, it can support the radial loading rod 21 The movement of the first piston cylinder 22 acts as a guide, so that the telescopic movement of the first piston cylinder 22 drives the loading force of the radial loading rod 21 to be accurately applied to the radial position of the elastic bush 10 .

The loading movement process of the radial loading mechanism 2 is as follows: the first piston cylinder 22 drives the first piston rod 221 to move telescopically, the first piston rod 221 drives the radial loading rod 21 to reciprocate linearly; the radial loading rod 21 drives the first block 11 to reciprocate, so that the outer steel sleeve and the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bush 10 undergo cyclic relative motion, and then the fatigue characteristics of the elastic bush 10 and the elastic bushing can be tested when the elastic bush 10 is subjected to radial loading force Radial stiffness of 10.

The structure of the axial loading mechanism 3 is the same as that of the radial loading mechanism 2 , including a connected axial loading rod 31 and a second piston cylinder 32 . The axial loading rod 31 is connected with the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10. When the second piston cylinder 32 drives the piston rod to move telescopically, the axial loading rod 31 drives the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 to reciprocate, so that the elastic bushing The inner steel sleeve of 10 is relatively displaced relative to the outer steel sleeve, so as to test the fatigue characteristics of the elastic bush 10 when subjected to cyclic axial force and the axial stiffness of the elastic bush 10 .

As shown in FIG. 5 , the axial loading mechanism 3 and the first torsion mechanism 4 respectively apply force or moment in the axial direction to the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bush 10 through the connecting rod 13 . As shown in FIG. 6 , the elastic bush 10 is sheathed and fixed on the connecting rod 13 , and the two ends of the connecting rod 13 are respectively connected to the axial loading mechanism 3 and the first torsional loading mechanism. In this embodiment 1, the connecting rod 13 is a double-ended screw rod, and the screw rod fits through the center hole of the elastic bushing 10, and the two ends of the elastic bushing 10 are locked and fixed by the first lock nut 15 to prevent The elastic bush 10 moves axially relative to the connecting rod 13 .

When the axial loading mechanism 3 and the first torsion mechanism 4 are loaded at the same time, the axial loading mechanism 3 will drive the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bush 10 to move back and forth along the central axis direction, thereby driving the first torsion loading rod 41 along the axial direction reciprocal movement. In order to eliminate the influence of the reciprocating movement of the first torsion loading rod 41 on the torsional loading of the first torsion mechanism 4 around the center, the first torsion loading rod 41 is selected as a ball spline. As shown in Figure 7, the spline shaft 411 of the ball spline is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 13, and the spline sleeve 412 is connected and fixed on the torsion fixing seat 45. The ball moving in the axial direction of the key shaft 411, when the spline shaft 411 is driven by the connecting rod 13 to perform translational movement, the spline shaft 411 drives the ball between the spline shaft 411 and the spline sleeve 412 to move along the axial direction of the spline shaft 411 movement, but the spline sleeve 412 does not move, so that relative motion occurs between the spline shaft 411 and the spline sleeve 412, and the axial movement of the spline shaft 411 is eliminated by the ball and cannot be transmitted to the spline sleeve 412. When the first deflection arm 43 is connected and drives the spline sleeve 412 to twist around its axis, the swing motion of the first deflection arm 43 will not be affected by the axial movement of the spline shaft 411, thereby ensuring that the first torsion mechanism 4 The movement of applying the torsional force around the center to the elastic bush 10 is not affected by the axial loading mechanism 3, which ensures the accuracy of the fatigue test. Same as the first torsion mechanism 4 , the second torsion loading rod 51 is a ball spline to eliminate the influence of the displacement generated by the radial loading movement of the radial loading mechanism 2 on the loading movement of the second torsion mechanism 5 .

In order to make the first deflection arm 43 drive the first torsion loading rod 41 to twist and move, the deflection arm 43 has a flange structure as a whole, including a flange part 431 for connecting the first torsion loading rod 41 and a radial direction along the flange part 431. Extended deflection portion 432 . The flange portion 431 of the first deflection arm 43 is connected with a first connecting flange 453, the inner diameter of the first connecting flange 453 matches the outer diameter of the spline sleeve 412, and the inner surface is provided with a The second keyway matched with the first keyway, the spline sleeve 412 and the first connecting flange 453 realize the peripheral connection between the spline sleeve 412 and the first connecting flange 453 through the connecting key 452 assembled between the first keyway and the second keyway. upward fixed connection. In order to realize the fixing of the spline sleeve 412 and the first connecting flange 453 in the axial direction of the spline sleeve 412, one end of the first connecting flange 453 passes through the torsion fixing seat 45, and the end surface near the end of the elastic bushing 10 The opening diameter is smaller than the outer diameter of the spline sleeve 412 and larger than the outer diameter of the spline shaft 411; the first connecting flange 453 is provided with a first circlip 454 in the cavity near the end of the first deflection arm 43, and the first circlip 454 is fixed It is on the inner surface of the cavity and abuts against the spline sleeve 412 at one end.

A pair of third rolling bearings 451 is arranged between the first connecting flange 453 and the torsion fixing seat 45, and the relative movement of the two third rolling bearings 451 is determined by the shoulder on the axially outer wall of the first connecting flange 453 and the second elastic bearing. The circlip 455 defines, wherein, the shaft shoulder is arranged on a side close to the first deflection arm 43, and the second elastic circlip 455 is arranged on a side close to the elastic bush 10, and the first elastic bush 10 can also be made to A connecting flange 453 is fixed relative to the torsion fixing base 45 . The relative movement of the two third rolling bearings 451 is limited by the inner stop ring 456 protruding from the inner steel sleeve of the torsion fixing seat 45 .

One end of the spline shaft 411 close to the elastic bush 10 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 13 through the second connecting flange 47 , and the axis of the spline shaft 411 and the axis of the second connecting rod 13 are located on the same straight line. The second connecting flange 47 includes a first flange 471 connected to one end of the spline shaft 411 and a second flange 472 connected to one end of the connecting rod 13, wherein the first flange 471 is fixedly connected to the spline by a key. The shaft 411 and the second flange 472 are fixedly connected with the second flange 472 through the fixing block 473, and the first flange 471 and the second flange 472 are connected and fixed, so that the spline shaft 411 is connected with the connecting rod 13 fixed.

The loading process of the first torsion mechanism 4 is: when the third piston cylinder 42 drives the piston rod to reciprocate, the piston rod drives the first connecting swing rod 46 to drive the first deflection arm 43 to swing back and forth; the swing of the first deflection arm 43 The rotation drives the spline sleeve 412 to twist around its axis, thereby driving the spline shaft 411 to twist around the axis; the spline shaft 411 drives the connecting rod 13 connected to it to twist back and forth, thereby driving the inner steel of the elastic bush 10 connected to the connecting rod 13 The sleeve is twisted around the axis.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the radial loading mechanism 2 and the second torsion mechanism 5 are respectively connected to the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 with a first clip 11 and a second clip 12 . As shown in Figure 9, one end of the radial loading mechanism 2 is connected and fixed with a first block 11, and a radial force is applied to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 through the first block 11; one end of the second torsion mechanism 5 is connected to The second clamping block 12 is fixed, and the torsional moment that drives the elastic bushing 10 to twist in the radial direction is applied to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10 through the second clamping block 12; the first clamping block 11 and the second clamping block 12 are fixed It is connected and can clamp the elastic bushing 10 in the radial direction.

In order to improve the versatility of the elastic bush fatigue testing machine for different types of elastic bushes 10 , a universal sleeve 14 is connected between the elastic bush 10 and the first clamping block 11 and the second clamping block 12 . The universal sleeve 14 is sheathed on the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush 10, and is connected with the elastic bush 10 with an interference fit, so that the elastic bush 10 and the universal sleeve 14 are closely matched and move together during the test. The outer walls of the universal sleeve 14 abut against the inner surfaces of the first block 11 and the second block 12 respectively, so as to fix the universal sleeve 14 in the radial direction.

As shown in Figure 10, in order to prevent the second torsion mechanism 5 from driving the elastic bushing 10 to twist in the radial direction to affect the radial force loading of the elastic bushing 10 by the radial loading mechanism 2, the radial loading rod 21 and the first piston A first adapter sleeve 23 is connected between the rods 221 . The first adapter sleeve 23 is a sleeve-like structure with an open end and a threaded hole at the other end, and the first piston rod 221 of the first piston cylinder 22 is fixed to the end with the threaded hole through threaded connection. The end of the radial loading rod 21 away from the first block 11 is located in the cavity of the first adapter sleeve 23 , and is connected with the first adapter sleeve 23 through a first rolling bearing 25 .

In order to prevent the first rolling bearing 25 from being displaced in the axial direction of the radial loading rod 21, one end of the radial loading rod 21 located in the cavity of the first adapter sleeve 23 is provided with a shaft shoulder, and the end is provided with a thread, and the first rolling bearing 25 is arranged along the The axial displacement of the radially loaded rod 21 is limited by the second lock nut 26 and the shaft shoulder located at both ends of the first rolling bearing 25 respectively. In order to realize the fixation of the first rolling bearing 25 and the first adapter sleeve 23 in the axial direction, the inner surface of the first adapter sleeve 23 is provided with an annular step, and an end face close to the opening is fixedly connected with an end cover 24, and the end cover 24 One end facing the first adapter sleeve 23 protrudes into the first adapter sleeve 23 and abuts against the step surface of the annular step, and the outer diameter of the protruding end is the same as the inner diameter of the first adapter sleeve 23 facing the elastic bushing 10 Fitting, the inner diameter of the protruding end is in interference fit with the outer diameter of the first rolling bearing 25 . Both end surfaces of the first rolling bearing 25 abut against the stepped surface of the annular step and the inner surface of the end cover 24 respectively, so as to realize the fixing of the first rolling bearing 25 relative to the first adapter sleeve 23 in the axial direction. In order to improve the connection fastness between the end cover 24 and the first adapter sleeve 23, one end of the end cover 24 protruding into the first adapter sleeve 23 is protrudingly provided with a protruding ring, and the inner surface of the first adapter sleeve 23 is opposite to the inner surface of the protruding ring. The position is provided with an annular groove, and the cooperation between the convex ring and the annular groove can prevent the first adapter sleeve 23 and the end cover 24 from moving in the axial direction of the radial loading rod 21 when the first piston cylinder 22 drives the radial loading rod 21 to reciprocate. Loosening produces displacement, which affects the loading movement of the radial loading rod 21 .

When the radial loading mechanism 2 and the second torsion mechanism 5 act at the same time, due to the torsional moment exerted by the second torsion mechanism 5 on the elastic bush 10, the elastic bush 10 is twisted around the radial direction, thereby driving the first block 11 The twist occurs, and then drives the radial loading rod 21 to twist back and forth. Since the radial loading rod 21 is connected to the first adapter sleeve 23 through the first rolling bearing 25, when the radial loading rod 21 rotates, the first rolling bearing 25 is driven to rotate relative to the first adapter sleeve 23, therefore, the radial loading rod 21 The rotational motion is eliminated by the first rolling bearing 25 and cannot be transmitted to the first piston cylinder 22, so that it will not affect the linear reciprocating motion of the first piston cylinder 22, that is, it will not affect the linear motion of the radial loading rod 21 on the elastic bushing 10 radial force loading. Similarly, in order to prevent the first torsion mechanism 4 from driving the elastic bushing 10 to twist around the axis to affect the axial loading of the axial load mechanism 3 on the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing 10, the axial loading rod 31 and the second piston cylinder A second adapter sleeve 23 is connected between the piston rods of 32.

As shown in Figure 11, the side of the first block 11 connected to the radial loading mechanism 2 is a plane, and is provided with a plurality of connection holes for flange connection with the radial loading mechanism 2; the first block 11 faces One side of the elastic bushing 10 has a first arcuate surface 111 matching the curvature of the outer diameter of the universal sleeve 14 , and both ends of the first arcuate surface 111 are provided with connecting protrusions 112 . As shown in Figure 12, the second clamping block 12 is a U-shaped clamping block, the opening of the U-shaped clamping block faces the universal sleeve 14, and the side opposite to the second twisting mechanism 5 is a plane, and the side abutting against the universal sleeve 14 has a The second arc-shaped surface 121 matched with the universal sleeve 14 is provided with connecting grooves 122 at both ends of the second arc-shaped surface 121 . The first block 11 and the second block 12 are mated with the universal sleeve 14 through the opposite first arc-shaped surface 111 and the second arc-shaped surface 121, so as to realize the fixing of the universal sleeve 14 in the radial direction, and the first clamp The connecting protrusion 112 of the block 11 is engaged with the connecting groove 122 of the second block 12, and fixed by screw connection, so as to prevent the relative loosening of the first block 11 and the second block 12 during the test. The force change of the elastic bushing 10 is caused, thereby affecting the accuracy of the test results. The connection and fixation of the above-mentioned elastic bush 10 with various mechanisms in the axial and radial directions can also be adopted in other ways, and this embodiment 1 does not make too many restrictions on this aspect.

In this embodiment, the first piston cylinder 22, the second piston cylinder 32, the third piston cylinder 42 and the fourth piston cylinder 52 are all servo cylinders, and the control of the servo cylinders by the servo control system can precisely control each The stroke of the oil cylinder controls the force and moment applied to the elastic bush 10 to accurately simulate the response and fatigue state of the elastic bush 10 under different force and moment states, and the operation is safer and more reliable.

A scale 61 is provided at the position of the test bench 6 relative to the elastic bushing 10, and the scale 61 is arranged along the central axis direction of the elastic bushing 10, and the second translation fixing seat 37 of the axial loading mechanism 3 and the first torsion mechanism 4 The torsion fixing seat 45 can move relative to the scale 61 along the length direction of the scale 61 to change the distance between the second translation fixing seat 37 and/or the torsion fixing seat 45 relative to the elastic bushing 10 . When different types of elastic bushings 10 are tested, the second translation fixing seat 37 of the axial loading mechanism 3 and the torsion fixing seat 45 of the first torsion structure and the elastic bushing can be accurately adjusted according to the type and size of the elastic bushing 10. The distance between the sleeves 10, so that fatigue tests can be carried out on elastic bushes 10 of various types and sizes without changing the stroke and control parameters of each servo cylinder, so that the elastic bushing 10 fatigue testing machine has a better performance. Versatility.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 13, the structure of the elastic bushing fatigue testing machine provided in the second embodiment is basically the same as that of the elastic bushing fatigue testing machine provided in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated in this embodiment, the difference is that : The first torsion actuator and the second torsion actuator adopted in this embodiment are both rotary cylinders: the rotary rod of the first rotary cylinder 410 is connected with the first connection flange 453, when the first rotary cylinder 410 drives the rotary rod When rotating, the rotation of the rotating rod drives the first connecting flange 453 to rotate, thereby driving the ball spline connected to the first connecting flange 453 to rotate, thereby driving the connecting rod 13 to twist around the center, and then the inner steel of the elastic bush 10 can be realized. The sleeve is twisted around the center; the rotating rod of the second rotating oil cylinder 510 is connected with the third connecting flange 553. When the second rotating oil cylinder 510 drives the rotating rod to rotate, the rotation of the rotating rod drives the third connecting flange 553 to rotate, thereby driving The ball spline connected to the third connecting flange 553 rotates, thereby driving the second clamping block 12 to twist around the radial direction of the elastic bush 10 , and then realize the radial twist of the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bush 10 . In this embodiment, the two rotary cylinders 53 are both servo cylinders, which can precisely control the angle and direction of rotation of the rotary rod, thereby controlling the amplitude of the inner steel sleeve torsion around the center of the elastic bush 10 and the outer diameter of the elastic bush 10. The amplitude of the steel sleeve torsion around the axis.

The elastic bushing fatigue testing machine provided by the present invention can reproduce the elastic bushing through the single or multiple simultaneous loading of the radial loading mechanism 2, the axial loading mechanism 3, the first torsion mechanism 4 and/or the second torsion mechanism 5 The torsional, axial, radial and oblique combined force of 10 makes the stress working condition of the elastic bush 10 closer to the stress situation in the actual working state, making the simulated results more authentic and reliable, and compared with The simulation test of the road spectrum is well realized, and the functionality is strong; by modifying the inner diameter of the universal sleeve 14, the elastic bushing 10 of different types and sizes can be tested without changing other structures of the fatigue testing machine, and the versatility Strong; by using the first adapter sleeve 23 and the first rolling bearing 25 to eliminate the rotational influence of the second torsional loading movement on the radial loading movement, by using the second adapter sleeve 33 and the second rolling bearing to eliminate the first torsional loading movement on the shaft The effect of rotation on torsional loading motion, the ball spline is used to eliminate the displacement effect of radial loading or axial loading on torsional loading motion, so that the test results are more accurate. The elastic bush fatigue testing machine provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, safety and reliability, strong functionality, high versatility, good accuracy and the like.

Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and applied technical principles. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can also include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the present invention The scope is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. An elastic bushing fatigue testing machine is characterized in that, comprising: The axial loading mechanism (3) is connected with the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing (10), and applies an axial force to the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bushing (10); The radial loading mechanism (2) is connected with the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing (10), and applies a radial force to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing (10); The first torsion mechanism (4), connected with the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bush (10), drives the inner steel sleeve of the elastic bush (10) to twist back and forth around the central axis of the elastic bush (10) ; The second torsion mechanism (5) is connected with the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing (10), and drives the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing (10) to reciprocate and twist radially around it. 2. The elastic bush fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the elastic bush (10) is sheathed and fixed on the connecting rod (13), and one end of the connecting rod (13) is fixedly connected The other end of the axial loading mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the first torsion mechanism (4); The radial loading mechanism (2) is connected to the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing (10) through a first block (11), and the second torsion mechanism (5) is connected through a second block (12) On the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing (10), the first clamping block (11) is connected to the second clamping block (12) and clamps the elastic bushing along the radial direction of the outer steel sleeve The outer steel sheath of cover (10). 3. The elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, the radial loading mechanism (2) comprises a radial loading rod (21) and is connected and drives the radial loading rod (21) The first piston cylinder (22) of the radial load rod (21) is fixedly connected to the first block (11); The axial loading mechanism (3) includes an axial loading rod (31) and a second piston cylinder (32) connected to and driving the axial loading rod (31), and the axial loading rod (31) is fixedly connected to One end of the connecting rod (13). 4. The elastic bush fatigue testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, a first adapter sleeve (23) is connected between the radial loading rod (21) and the first piston cylinder (22) ), the first adapter sleeve (23) is fixedly connected to the first piston cylinder (22), and the radial loading rod (21) and the first adapter sleeve (23) are provided with The first rolling bearing (25); A second adapter sleeve (33) is connected between the axial loading rod (31) and the second piston cylinder (32), and the second adapter sleeve (33) is connected to the second piston cylinder ( 32) Fixed connection, a second rolling bearing is arranged between the axial loading rod (31) and the second adapter sleeve (33). 5. The elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, the first torsion mechanism (4) comprises a first torsion loading rod (41) and is connected and drives the first torsion loading rod ( 41) A first torsional actuator that reciprocates around the axis of the first torsional loading rod (41), the axis of the first torsional loading rod (41) coincides with the central axis, and the first torsional loading One end of the rod (41) not connected to the first torsion actuator is connected to the other end of the connecting rod (13); The second torsion mechanism (5) includes a second torsion loading rod (51) and a first torsion loading rod connected to drive the second torsion loading rod (51) to reciprocate around the axial direction of the second torsion loading rod (51). Two torsional actuators, the axis of the second torsional loading rod (51) coincides with the radial direction, and one end of the second torsional loading rod (51) that is not connected to the second torsional actuator is fixed Connect the second clamping block (12). 6. The elastic bush fatigue testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, both the first torsion loading rod (41) and the second torsion loading rod (51) are ball splines. 7. The elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, the first torsion loading rod (41) is supported on the torsion fixing seat (45), and the first torsion loading rod (41) A third rolling bearing (451) is arranged between the torsion fixing seat (45). 8. The elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, the first torsion actuator comprises a first deflection arm (43), a first connecting swing link (46) and The third piston cylinder (42), one end of the first deflection arm (43) not connected to the first connecting swing rod (46) is pierced and fixed to the first torsion loading rod (41). 9. The elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, the first torsion actuator is a first rotary cylinder (410), and the first rotary cylinder (410) is connected to the first rotary cylinder (410). A torsionally loaded rod (41) is flanged. 10. The elastic bushing fatigue testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, the outer steel sleeve of the elastic bushing (10) is provided with a universal sleeve (14), and the universal sleeve (14) and the second The inner surface of a block (11) and the inner surface of the second block (12) are in contact.