RU2307037C2 - Device for and method of deflecting energy of head on impact from objects which have no strong coupling with ground - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: road vehicles, mounted structures, gates, road guards.

SUBSTANCE: device to deflect energy of head-on impact has movable impact surface installed before object to be protected. Said movable impact surface is provided with longitudinal or bow-shaped stops secured on object to be protected by means of joint providing lowering of stops under action on impact force. Said stops have pointed ends getting into ground at moment when object receives head-on blow or are provided with pointed end pieces ejected by pyrotechnical devices at contact with road pavement and getting into engagement with said pavement. Method of deflection of on head-on impact energy from objects having no strong coupling with ground provides deflecting of impact load by means of protective device. Head-on impact energy is deflected from object to be protected owing to transmission of part of energy to ground at moment of setting of mechanical contact between source of blow and ground by means of device described above.

EFFECT: reduced energy of initial impact falling to object to be protected, increased stability of protected object at collision with running object.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a method and device for diverting the energy of a counter strike, in particular, objects that do not have a strong connection with the ground, for example, motor vehicles, mounted structures, gates, road fences, etc. Preferably, the invention can be used as an active safety device in automobiles, and also to increase the stability of the gate from ramming and impact of moving vehicles and other means.

Known shockproof vehicle (application of the Russian Federation No. 92016165/11, MKI B60R 19/18, publ. 02.20.1995), containing a shock bar mounted in front of the bumper parallel to it and movable along the axis of the frame. At one end, distribution rods with friction protrusions are attached to the impact bar. The rods are passed through tubular guiding elements that are filled with bulk material. When a vehicle collides, the rods move with protrusions in the bulk material. In this case, friction occurs on the surface of the guiding elements, which converts the kinetic energy of the impact into other types of energy.

However, this active safety feature, unlike the proposed device, does not reduce the initial impact energy acting on the car.

Known combined shockproof device for cars according to US patent No. 3472332, MKI B60R 19/09, selected as a prototype, including an upper shock-absorbing mechanism mounted at the front of the car and equipped with a bumper block, a lower brake mechanism equipped with a brake plate with a brake shoe at the end , means for coupling mechanisms made with the possibility of rotation and providing at the moment of impact the braking of the protected object by moving the braking mechanism from the “forward” position to the “inner” position of ”, while the depreciation and braking mechanisms are equipped with energy absorption means in the form of springs.

The main purpose of the combined device:

- soften the blow (for this, a shock-absorbing bumper mechanism is used that does not come in contact with the road surface);

- dampen speed by braking in the first moments after an impact (for this, a brake mechanism equipped with a brake shoe is used).

The known device, as described above, in contrast to the proposed device, does not reduce the energy of the initial impact acting on the car, but only disperses it into different parts of the car.

In addition, the known device is a very complex design and at the time of collision with a moving object may not be effective enough due to the large number of interconnected structural elements that ensure the achievement of a technical result.

A known method of removing impact energy, in particular in automatic couplers of rail rolling stock (RF Patent No. 2210514, MKI B61G 9/04, published on 08.20.2003), which consists in the removal of impact energy using a protective device by overcoming the flow resistance in the liquid compressible and pre-squeezed elastomer, while the impact energy is removed in several stages.

The known method has a narrow range of applications, in addition, it cannot be used, for example, to protect gates or road fences.

The present invention is to develop a device and method of energy removal, which allows to reduce the energy of the initial shock pertaining to the protected object. Extend the range of applications to any objects that do not have a strong connection with the ground, for example, automobile transport, attached structures, gates, road fences, etc.

The present invention allows for additional (along with existing) protection of drivers and passengers, vehicles during road traffic accidents, as well as the protection of other objects that do not have a strong connection with the ground from their destruction during ramming by moving objects.

The technical result of the method is to increase the stability of the protected object when a moving object is hitting it by reducing the impact force of a moving object, achieved by transferring part of the energy from this impact to the ground (road surface).

The proposed design is simple and affordable to manufacture and allows, due to a change in the direction of the inertia force, to divert part of the energy of the oncoming impact from the object of protection to the ground or road surface.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for removing the energy of the oncoming impact, containing a movable impact surface mounted in front of the object of protection, according to the invention, the impact surface is equipped with longitudinal or arc-shaped stops fixed to the object of protection by means of a connection that lowers the stops against impact force , for example, in the form of hinges, while the stops have pointed ends that enter the ground when the object receives a counter strike, or are equipped with pointed ends echnikami, shoots using pyrotechnics in contact with the road surface and meshing with this coating.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of implementing the energy of the oncoming strike from objects that do not have a strong connection with the ground, in particular motor vehicles, suspension structures, for example, gates, road fences, including the removal of shock using a protective device according to the invention, which the energy of the oncoming strike from the object of protection is carried out by transferring part of the energy to the ground at the moment of establishing mechanical contact between the shock source and the ground by means of a device for yes energy counter pin mentioned above.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

The figure 1 shows a device for protecting a car: a) a side view, b) a top view, c) a front view.

The figure 2 shows a device mounted on a car: a) in the normal (working) position, b) in the position after hitting a third-party object in the front of the car.

The figure 3 shows a device mounted on the gate leaves: a) - front view, b) - side view.

Devices for dissipating the energy of the oncoming blow for the gate consist of a rounded section of pipe fixed on the gate and a curved metal cylinder freely movable inside the pipe with pointed ends on one side and shock-absorbing shields on the other side.

A device for removing energy of a counter strike includes a movable surface for receiving a strike 1 (timber, plate, platform) installed in front of the object or directly in the object of protection, stops 2 connected at one end to the surface for receiving a strike 1. The shape of the stops may be longitudinal, arcuate and other, allowing to engage with the ground for a specific object of protection. The stops 2 have pointed ends 3 or are equipped with pointed tips, or tips that shoot using a pyrotechnic into a pavement (not shown) and are fixed to the object of protection by means of a connection that lowers the stops against impact force. The stops 2 are not firmly attached to the car body - with the help of a fastener that is destroyed when impact force is applied to the surface to receive impact 1. On the example of using the device in a car, the connection is made using a hinge (shaft) 4.

Using the device for protecting the gate as an example, the connection is carried out using a spring 5, while the gate is additionally equipped with guides 6, which ensure the stability of the stops 2.

The operation of the device for the removal of energy of the oncoming strike and the implementation method for the example of its use in a car (Fig.2) when a moving car is hitting a car are carried out as follows.

The device takes on a part of the impact energy, establishing mechanical contact with the road surface (ground) (Fig.2b) through the stops 2, partially transfers part of this impact energy to the ground. As a result, the force of impact from the impact directly on the car itself, equipped with a device for deflecting the oncoming blow, and on the people in this car, and the load decreases. Contacting the device with the road surface can be carried out in various ways:

- as shown in figure 2, by applying the stop 2 in the form of a lever mounted on a hinge 4 and changing the angle of inclination to the road surface from impact on one of the ends of the lever,

- as shown in figure 3, by using the stops 2, moving from the impact along the guides 6. In this embodiment, the stops and guides can be arched, as shown in figure 3.

- using pyrotechnic devices triggered by a collision of a car (not shown), etc.

On cars, a device for removing energy of the oncoming strike can be installed both in the front (figure 2) and in the rear of the car, protecting it from shock from the front and rear. In some car models, it is possible to install devices that protect the car from side impact.

A device for removing the energy of the oncoming shock of cars consists of separate or interconnected metal or made of other durable materials stops 2 (figures 1 and 2) with pointed ends 3 (figures 1 and 2). From the front (protected) side, the stops 2 are equipped with planes 1 designed to receive the impact of the oncoming object (figures 1 and 2). In the static position, the stops 2 are in a position parallel to the road surface (figa). When a car is hit from the protected side using a lever transmission, either using electronically controlled mechanisms, or using pyrotechnics, the pointed parts of the stops lower and bite into the road surface or furrow it (Fig.2b). In this case, the inertia force arising from the collision changes direction and part of the energy through the stops is diverted to the ground.

Otherwise, the colliding object, as it were, collides with an obstacle connected to the road surface. In this case, part of the impact energy is transmitted through the stops to the ground (road surface), and accordingly, the force acting on that part of the car that is behind the element of the device that receives the shock (behind the front part of the stop) decreases accordingly.

To improve the adhesion of the stops 2 to the road surface (to improve the introduction of shock absorber into the road surface), it is possible to use retractable (firing) pointed tips (using the type of claws) using pyrotechnics. These tips should be fired at the pavement at the moment of impact (from impact) on this surface. At the same time, the tips only partially (by several centimeters) should come out of the shock absorber housing, providing reliable adhesion not only to the road surface, but also to the shock absorber housing itself.

The effect of the device will only be if the collision occurred on the protected car. If the protected vehicle itself makes a run over a stationary object, the effect of protection from the device will not occur.

When installed on the gate (figure 3): a device for diverting the energy of the oncoming strike serves to protect them from destruction by a ram (impact of moving vehicles and other means). The device can be installed both from the outside of the fence, and from the inside or from both sides. To increase the effectiveness of the device for protecting the gate, in the ground (road surface) immediately in front of the gate (possibly from two sides), parallel to the gate, concrete grooves 7 can be arranged to improve the adhesion of the stops 2 to the ground when an external object hits the gate and the device operates . In order to exclude vertical (tearing up the gate upward) force at the moment of impact, the material directly above the guides 6, in which the stops move, should be soft - easily collapsing. Most likely, the device for diverting the energy of the oncoming strike will not save the gate itself from destruction with a strong ram, however, it will prevent the uninvited vehicle from entering the protected area.

Claims (2)

1. A device for removing the energy of the oncoming impact, containing a movable impact surface mounted in front of the object of protection, characterized in that the impact surface is provided with stops of longitudinal or arcuate shape, mounted on the object of protection by means of a connection that lowers the stops against impact force, for example, in the form of hinges, while the stops have pointed ends that enter the ground when the object receives a counter-strike, or are equipped with pointed tips that shoot with a pierce bumps in contact with the road surface and which engage with this surface. 2. A method of realizing the removal of energy of a counter strike from objects that do not have a strong connection with the ground, in particular automobile transport, suspended structures, such as gates, road fences, including the removal of shock by means of a protective device, characterized in that the removal of energy of a counter strike from the object of protection is carried out by transferring part of the energy to the ground at the time of establishing mechanical contact between the shock source and the ground by means of a device for removing the energy of the oncoming shock according to claim 1.

Images