RU2306520C2 - Transportation and loading pot of tank gun past-turret automatic loader - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: war materiel.

SUBSTANCE: proposed transportation and loading pot is made in form of armored body provided with additional protection of its surfaces. It is mounted on tail wall of the tank turret. Proposed pot has loading hatch and ejection covers mounted on turret top and hole for feed of ammunition to tank turret in loading the gun; this hole is found in front wall of tank hull. Armored hull top has two openings: one opening is used for loading the ammunition into mechanized packing device of automatic loader and is located near one of side walls of hull. Loading hatch mounted above this opening is armored. Other opening is used for mounting and dismantling the conveyer of automatic loader; it is shifted relative to opposite wall of conveyer body and is provided with detachable load-bearing flange mounted hermetically above it; this flange is of frame construction and is provided with ports. Each port is hermetically closed with thin-walled membrane. Ports are provided with ejection armored covers mounted above membranes.

EFFECT: enhanced protection of pot; enhanced tightness of pot and resistance to external dynamic action.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to military equipment, namely to transport and loading containers of tanks, and is intended to protect the mechanized laying of the ammunition or its part in the tank.

Known unified tank tower according to the invention [1], with the ability to install a removable armored transport-loading container with an automatic loading mechanism.

This container is made in the form of a removable module, in the armored body of which there is an automatic loading mechanism for stacking and loading the ammunition of the tank gun, which is a belt conveyor with a drive for rotating the conveyor and the mechanism for sending the ammunition. An aperture is made in the front wall for supplying ammunition to the tank turret when loading the gun.

The fastening of such a transport-loading container on the tower is carried out in supports, for example, by grips made respectively on the front wall and the bottom of the container body, interacting with the supporting brackets of the tower, as shown in the utility model [2].

The transport and loading container allows you to place the ammunition of the tank outside its habitable compartments, which, in turn, provides the crew with the opportunity to survive in the event of ammunition damage.

The disadvantages of such a container are its low anti-shell resistance, limited resistance to external dynamic influences (the ability of the walls to deform from shock, although impenetrable effects of small-caliber shells with possible disruption of the rotating conveyor) and the lack of reliable isolation of the shells of the automatic loading mechanism from the external environment.

Known amphibious removable armored module (amphibious container) of the tank according to the invention [3], adopted by most of the essential features as a prototype. The crazy container, as described above, is designed to accommodate mechanized laying of ammunition. According to the description of the invention [3], this container is made in the form of a removable armored hull, in which there is a store for laying the ammunition of a tank gun. The roof of the housing of the recessed container is equipped with knock-out, easily lockable covers to ensure that they are discarded when the ammunition of the ammunition is blown up and to relieve excess pressure in the direction from the tower and a loading hatch located symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the container. The ambitious container is installed on a special platform of the shoulder strap of the tower and mounted on the protruding shoulder straps. In the opening between the front wall of the container body and the rear aft sheet of the tower, metal sealing inserts are installed with an opening in the area of the passage opening of the front wall for supplying ammunition.

The transport-loading prototype container provides the solution to the same problems as the analogue, allowing you to place the tank ammunition outside its inhabited compartments. In addition, it contains solutions for organizing the directional propagation of shock waves and gases in case of ammunition damage in the container away from the tank, ensuring crew preservation and combat effectiveness, to isolate the container’s internal cavities from the environment and the tower’s habitable space by installing the said sealing inserts.

The transport and loading prototype container has the same disadvantages: low anti-shell resistance, limited resistance to external dynamic influences and increased fire and explosion hazard due to the lack of reliable isolation of ammunition of the automatic loading mechanism from the external environment. In addition, the placement of metal inserts in the opening between the front wall of the container body and the rear aft sheet of the tower of the tower did not make it possible to ensure the sealing of the internal cavities of the container from the external environment.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to develop a transport-loading container with enhanced functional characteristics.

The technical result achieved in solving the problem is to increase the security of the container body, its tightness and resistance to external dynamic influences.

The problem is solved in that in a transport-loading container of a loaded tank cannon loader, containing a box-shaped armored case with mechanized ammunition laying, with a loading hatch and knock-out covers - on the roof of the body, according to the invention, the roof of the armored body is made with two openings, one of which, designed to load ammunition in the mechanized installation of the loading machine, is located at one of the side walls of the housing, while the loading hatch is installed g tightly and armored, and the other aperture intended for mounting and dismounting the conveyor of the autoloader is shifted to the opposite side wall of the housing and a removable supporting flange of the frame structure with windows is tightly mounted above it, each of which is hermetically closed by a thin-walled membrane, and the folding covers are mounted on flange windows above thin-walled membranes and are made armored.

In this case, the best technical result is achieved if:

- on the external surfaces of the armored hull mounted dynamic protection devices with a differentiated level of resistance to weapons;

- on the side walls inside the case there is a lining of anti-shatter material;

- the container body is made of armored aluminum alloy;

- Reservation of the housing surfaces is made combined with a composite filler;

- on the inner surfaces of the roof, loading hatch and thin-walled membranes, a lining of anti-shatter material is installed.

Analysis of the distinguishing features of the invention showed the following:

- execution of the roof of the armored housing with two openings, one of which is designed to load ammunition in a mechanized installation (loading aperture), is located at one of the side walls of the housing, and the other, designed for mounting and dismounting the conveyor of the automatic loader (mounting aperture) and offset to the opposite side wall of the housing, provides access to the internal volume, respectively, when replacing individual trays with shells or when installing an automatic loader, which reduces the equipment’s equipment time that loading in comparison with its equipment through the fighting compartment of the tank; the displacement of the openings to the opposite walls of the housing helps to reduce the bending moments acting in the frame structure of the roof, mainly when dynamically acting on it, for example, when a shell hits;

- execution of the loading hatch with armored and hermetic installation over the loading opening ensures the tightness of the case of the transport-loading container, protection of the placed ammunition and the container's resistance to external dynamic influences;

- hermetic installation over the mounting opening of the removable bearing flange of the frame structure provides quick removal of the flange for access to the internal volume of the container without the use of lifting means;

- the implementation of the flange of the frame design allows you to provide rigidity and strength of the upper part of the housing of the transport and loading container under conditions when it must be made attenuating windows to accommodate poplar covers, and the tightness of its installation is achieved, for example, by placing a rubber gasket around the perimeter of the opening;

- the presence of thin-walled membranes provides tight closing of windows and easy tearing from the effects of an explosion;

- the implementation of the carrier flange with windows, each of which is closed (plugged) with a thin-walled membrane, and the placement of armored knock-out covers on the flange windows above the membranes allows, in the event of a detonation explosion of the ammunition in the mechanized installation compartment, after the thin-walled membranes are detached, the covers are discarded under the influence of the explosion energy, dumping excess pressure from the body, thereby ensuring the direction of the explosion products and its energy up and away from the transport-loading container.

Thus, the bearing flange is a protective sealed roof over the mounting opening and at the same time is a delivery element in a closed armored container structure.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - transport and loading container, top view (installation of the container on the tank turret);

figure 2 - transport and loading container, front view;

figure 3 - transport-loading container, a section along aa in figure 1;

figure 4 is a view of the window of the bearing flange, section DD in figure 1

The transport and loading container 1 (hereinafter referred to as container 1), see FIGS. 1 and 2, is mounted on the tank tower 2 and is designed to accommodate the nodes and systems of the loaded tank gun loading automaton. The container 1 contains an armored box-shaped body 3 with a roof 4 and side walls 5, in cross section having the shape of an isosceles trapezoid. In the front wall 6 of the casing 3, a hole “o” is made for supplying ammunition to the tank turret when loading the gun. Case 3 is made of armored aluminum alloy, while the reservation of its surfaces can be performed combined with a composite filler.

On the side walls 5 inside the casing 3 with mechanized laying of ammunition (not shown in Fig.) There is a lining 7 made of anti-shatter material.

The roof 4 is made with the openings "a" and "b" (Fig.1, 3). One of the openings, the opening "a", is designed to load ammunition in the mechanized laying of ammunition and is located at one of the side walls 5 of the housing 3 and is closed by an armored loading hatch 8. The opening "b" for mounting and dismantling the conveyor of the tank gun’s automatic loading system is shifted to the opposite (from wall 5) to the wall of the housing 3. Above the aperture “b”, a supporting flange 9 (Fig. 5) of a frame structure with windows 10 is installed, each of which is hermetically closed, for example, sealed, with a thin-walled membrane 11. On top of the window 10 are closed by knockout armor covers 12 with for ornym device that opens when exposed to little effort in the direction "of the housing", which allows in case of detonation the explosion of ammunition within the housing 3 discarded lid 12, relieving the excess pressure in the upward direction away from the container. At the same time, the knock-out covers 12 are reliably fixed in the direction “inward to the housing” by the bearing flange 9. On the inner surfaces of the roof 4, the hatch 8 and the membranes 11, a lining 13 of anti-shatter material is installed (FIG. 4). Along the perimeter of the openings “a” and “b”, elastic gaskets 14 are placed, which ensure a tight installation of the loading hatch 8 and the bearing flange 9 on the roof 4 of the armored body. In a specific embodiment, bolts 15 with easily cut threads are used as said locking device.

On the external surfaces of the transport-loading container, devices 16 (1, 2) of dynamic protection are installed, providing a differentiated level of resistance to means of destruction. Depending on the location of the hit means and damage to the elements of the armored casing 3, the dynamic protection envelope in conjunction with the container body is distributed as follows. It has the largest dimension on the side walls 5 at the angles of approach of the weapon on the tangent to the dynamic defense and the smallest dimension normal to it.

Work

The proposed transport and loading container, made in the form of an armored hull, equipped with additional protection for its side surfaces, is used to accommodate mechanized laying of a tank gun ammunition.

When a cumulative means of destruction enters the transport-loading container, dynamic protection devices 16 mounted on its external surfaces come into effect. Performing dynamic protection differentiated with a different level of resistance to means of destruction provides reliable protection of the container body while maintaining overall weight characteristics.

The frame design of the supporting flange 9 provides access to the internal volume of the container, hermetically seals the opening of the container from moisture and dust, ensures the resistance of the container to excessive pressure inside the volume when the cumulative jet penetrates during detonation of shells and the ignition of gunpowder. So, in the case of penetration of the armored casing 3 and an explosion of ammunition, the excess pressure that occurs in the internal volume while exerting an effect on the knockout cover 12 from the inside is as follows. The pressure force, trying to find a "weak" place, knocks out one or several thin-walled membranes 11 and the knock-out cover 12, preventing the overpressure from reaching its maximum value, and this reduces its destructive force in the initial stage. In this case, the products of the explosion and its energy are directed away from the transport-loading container.

Installing anti-shatter padding on the inner surfaces of the roof 5, hatch 8, knock-out covers 12 and on the side walls 5 inside the housing 3 with a mechanized warhead reduces the degree of damage by shrapnel of armor when exposed to a small-caliber projectile.

Thus, the improvements introduced by the invention are to provide increased security of the container body, its tightness and resistance to external dynamic influences, which is the solution to the problem.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2233418 for the invention of "Unified tank tower" on the application No. 20011114903/02 of 05.30.2001, class. 7 F41H 5/20.

2. RF patent No. 43633 for utility model “Modernized tank” according to the application No. 2004129121/22 of 04.10.2004, class. 7 F41H 7/02.

3. Eurasian patent No. 002225 for the invention of "Tank" on the application No. 1999900856 of 07.15.1999, class. F41H 7/02.

Claims (6)

1. A transporting and loading container of a turret-loaded tank gun loading machine, comprising a box-shaped armored body with mechanized ammunition stacking, a loading hatch and ejection covers on the body roof, characterized in that the roof of the armored body is made with two openings, one of which is intended for loading the ammunition in the mechanized laying of the automatic loader, is located at one of the side walls of the housing, while the loading hatch is sealed and made armored, and the other The aperture intended for mounting and dismounting the conveyor of the charging machine is offset to the opposite side wall of the housing and a removable supporting flange of the frame structure with windows is tightly mounted above it, each of which is hermetically closed by a thin-walled membrane, and the knock-out covers are mounted on the flange windows above the membranes and are made armored. 2. Transport and loading container according to claim 1, characterized in that on its external surfaces are installed devices of dynamic protection, providing a differentiated level of resistance from weapons. 3. Transport-loading container according to claim 1, characterized in that on its side walls inside the casing there is a lining of anti-shatter material. 4. Transport and loading container according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its housing is made of armored aluminum alloy. 5. Transport-loading container according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservation of its surfaces is made combined with a composite filler. 6. Transport and loading container according to claim 1, characterized in that on the inner surfaces of its roof, loading hatch and membranes, a lining of anti-shatter material is installed.

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