RU2305751C1 - Packer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry, particularly devices for hermetical reservoir isolation.

SUBSTANCE: packer comprises body with central channel and connection pipe provided with shaped slot on outer surface thereof. Packer also has conical depression adjoining connection pipe, movable bush supported by connection pipe and having finger cooperating with shaped slot, as well as spring-loaded centralizer. Slips cooperating with conical depression are connected to spring-loaded centralizer ends. Packer includes upper and lower self-sealing sleeves, check valve, seating tool rigidly connected to tubing string and to body through shear members, hollow sealed rod. The hollow sealed rod comprises radial channels and lower end telescopically sliding inside central body channel. Seating tool is made as connection pipe and has rest on inner surface. Connection pipe interior communicates with ambient space. Hollow rod is closed over radial channels and provided with annular depressions. One annular depression is arranged in lower part, other two ones are located over radial channels. Sealing means is installed in upper depression. Upper and lower springing collars are installed in other two annular depressions. Conical depression of the body is made as upper and lower cones and connection pipe is arranged in-between. Opposite upper self-sealed sleeve and lower sleeve are located over upper cone and under lower cone correspondingly. Centralizer includes upper and lower centering members provided with differently-directed slips. Central channel of the body over self-sealed collar has restriction, which receives hollow rod so that the rod may perform limited axial movement. Radial channels of hollow rod may be communicated with central channel over restriction as hollow rod slides upwards. Upper spring-loaded ring is adapted for adjustable hollow rod fixation as hollow rod slides downwards.

EFFECT: increased simplicity, reliability and manufacturability.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, and in particular to devices for tight separation of the well during operation, cleaning and processing of the discovered reservoir.

The well-known "Packer" (RF patent 2209295, IPC ЕВВ 33/12, publ. 07/27/2003), comprising a housing with sealing elements and radial holes above and below the sealing elements, a hollow barrel forming an annular space with the housing connected to the outer space, a spring-loaded sleeve having the possibility of axial movement, and slips, while the spring-loaded sleeve is made in the form of a hollow cylinder, the outer surface interacting with the inner surface of the housing and forming an annular gap between the outer surface the trunk and the inner surface of the spring-loaded sleeve, a landing girdle is made on the inner end of the spring-loaded sleeve, and a groove is made on the inner surface of the spring-loaded sleeve, while the lower radial holes are placed at the bottom of the annular space, and the upper radial holes are made with the possibility of their overlapping by the spring sleeve.

The disadvantages of this device are:

firstly, the complexity of manufacturing due to the presence of a large number of hermetically moving parts that require accurate and high-quality manufacturing;

secondly, unauthorized installation of the packer is possible, since the response depends on the pressure drop that may occur when lowering into the well as a result of water hammer;

thirdly, communication between the overpacker and underpacker spaces may occur as a result of the weakening of the spring and the spring-loaded sleeve as a result of corrosion, since they are constantly under the action inside the borehole medium.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a "Device for cleaning and maintaining reservoir productivity" (RF patent 2252308, IPC ЕВВ 37/00, publ. Bull. No. 14 dated 05/20/2005), containing a bottomhole cutter including a housing, a check valve and a packer, consisting of a cuff and an expanding cone connected to the body by shear elements, and a landing tool, including a hollow stem, muffled from below, with radial channels above the plug and the lower end mounted telescopically in the expanding cone, while it is sleeping It is equipped with a slip unit, the landing tool is equipped with upper and lower cases, the lower case being mounted telescopically on the hollow stem and connected to the upper part of the expanding cone by shear elements, in the outer groove made in the lower case, a self-sealing sleeve is located around the perimeter, the upper case is connected by a hollow rod and a tubing string (tubing) of a limited volume, on the upper case a self-sealing sleeve expander with longitudinal grooves is rigidly mounted, a tubing string limited to through the clutch is connected to the cylinder of the relief valve, and the stepped rod of the latter is equipped with upper and lower stops and is connected with the said cylinder by shear elements, while the slip-type assembly includes a pipe with a figured groove on the outer surface connected to the lower end of the body of the downhole cutter, a movable sleeve, mounted on the nozzle, a finger fixed at one end to the movable sleeve, and the other included in the aforementioned figured groove, and a spring centralizer, rigidly connected to the movable sleeve, at the upper ends which slips set interacting with the cone-shaped sample formed on the lower end of the casing downhole blade.

The disadvantages of this device are:

firstly, the impossibility of pumping process fluids into the under-packer space;

secondly, a complex landing tool;

thirdly, it is possible to move the device upward with an overpressure from below (especially relevant for high-pressure and high-productivity well formations).

The technical task of the invention is the creation of a simple, reliable and technological design of the packer due to reliable mechanical fixation in the required interval of the well, carrying out various technological operations, including those with the reservoir off.

The technical problem is solved by a packer, comprising a housing with a central channel, a nozzle having a figured groove on the outer surface, and a cone selection adjacent to the nozzle, a movable sleeve mounted on the nozzle, with a finger interacting with the figured groove, and a spring-loaded centralizer, at the ends of which there are slips interacting with the cone selection, the upper self-sealing and lower cuffs, a landing tool connected rigidly to the tubing string (tubing) and the body with shear elements , a hollow plugged rod with radial channels, the lower end mounted telescopically in the central channel of the housing.

What is new is that the landing tool is made in the form of a pipe with an emphasis on the inner surface, the inner cavity of which is in communication with its outer space, and the hollow rod is muffled above the radial channels and is equipped with ring samples, one in the lower part and two above the radial channels, in the upper of which a seal is installed, and the two lower ones - the upper and lower spring rings, and the cone selection of the housing is made in the form of upper and lower cones, between which there is a pipe, and on top of the upper cone the lower self-sealing cuff and the lower cuff are respectively located below the lower cone, made in the form of a self-sealing cuff, oppositely directed to the upper, while the centralizer is made in the form of upper and lower centering elements provided with corresponding multidirectional slips, the central channel of the body above the upper self-sealing cuff is equipped with a narrowing, in which with the possibility of limited axial movement down inserted a hollow rod, and the radial channels of the hollow rod are made with the possibility of communication with the Central channel above the narrowing when moving the hollow rod up, and the upper spring ring is made with the possibility of adjustable fixation of the hollow rod when moving it down.

Also new is the fact that the body above the upper self-sealing cuff is made with the possibility of adjustment in length.

Also new is that the figured groove is made in the form of two short and one long, installed between short, longitudinal grooves, sequentially interconnected by figured grooves, one of which connects the bottom of the first of the short grooves, which is transport, with the middle of the long longitudinal groove, which is a worker, and the other is the bottom of a long groove with the middle of another short longitudinal groove, which is removable and located along the length in the region of the middle of a long groove.

New is also the fact that the hollow rod above the seal on the outer surface is equipped with samples for a removable mechanism.

Figure 1 shows the packer in axial section.

Figure 2 shows a curly groove in the expanded state.

The packer consists of a housing 1 (see Fig. 1) with a central channel 2, a nozzle 3 having a figured groove 4 on the outer surface, and a cone selection consisting of upper 5 and lower cones 6 adjacent to the nozzle 3, the movable sleeve 7 installed on the pipe 3, with a finger 8, interacting with a figured groove 4, and a centralizer spring-loaded by means of springs 9, consisting of an upper 10 and a lower 11 centering elements, at the ends of which there are corresponding multidirectional slips 12 and 13, interacting with the corresponding cones 5 and 6 to onus sampling, upper 14 and lower 15 self-sealing multidirectional cuffs, landing tool 16 connected rigidly to the tubing string (tubing) (Fig. 1, 2 not shown) and the housing 1 by shear elements 17, hollow, damped by means of plug 18 the rod 19 with radial channels 20, the lower end mounted telescopically in the Central channel 2 of the housing 1.

The landing tool 16 is made in the form of a pipe with a stop 21 on the inner surface, the inner cavity of which is in communication with its outer space through the holes 22.

The hollow rod 19 is plugged with a plug 18 above the radial channels 20. The hollow rod 19 is equipped with ring samples 23, 24,25, and the ring sample 23 in the lower part of the hollow rod 19 and the ring samples 24 and 25 above the radial channels 20. In the upper ring sample 25, a seal 26 is installed, and in the two lower ring samples 24 and 23, the upper 27 and lower 28 spring rings are split.

On top of the upper cone 5 and below the lower cone 6, the upper 14 and lower 15 self-sealing cuffs are respectively located.

The Central channel 2 of the housing 1 above the upper self-sealing cuff 14 is equipped with a restriction 29, in which with the possibility of limited axial movement down the hollow rod 19 is inserted.

The radial channels 20 of the hollow rod 19 are arranged to communicate with the central channel 2 above the restriction 29 when moving the hollow rod 19 upward, and the upper spring ring 27 is made with the possibility of adjustable fixation of the hollow rod 19 when moving it down.

The housing 1 above the upper self-sealing cuff 14 can be made with the possibility of adjustment along the length using additional pipes 30.

Figured groove 4 (see figure 2) can be made in the form of two longitudinal short 31.32 and one longitudinal long groove 33, mounted between short 31 and 32 longitudinal grooves, connected in series by curly grooves 34 and 35, one of which 34 connects the bottom of the first of the short grooves 31, which is transport, with the middle of the long longitudinal groove 33, which is the working one, and the other 35, the bottom of the long groove 33, with the middle of the other short longitudinal groove 32, which is removable and located along the length in the middle of the long th longitudinal groove 33.

The hollow rod 19 above the seal 26 on the outer surface is provided with samples 36 for a removable mechanism (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2).

The device operates as follows.

Before the final assembly of the packer (see Fig. 1) by selecting the upper spring ring 27 (according to the inner and outer diameters, as well as the physicomechanical properties and grade of steel), the clearance between the upper spring ring 27 and the annular selection 24 of the hollow rod 19 is adjusted. the hollow rod 19 relative to the housing 1 in the upper position, in which the lower spring ring 28 is in the expanded state in the central channel 2, and the upper spring ring 27, also in the expanded state, but by the weight of the hollow rod 19, is supported on the upper omku constriction 29. If required, the length of the housing 1 is adjusted by means of additional pipes 30.

The packer assembly with the landing tool 16 by means of shear elements 17 is attached to the tubing string and lowered into the well (not shown in Figs. 1 and 2), while pin 8 (see Fig. 2) is located in the first short longitudinal groove 31 of the figured groove 4-transport position, not allowing the slips 12 and 13 to interact with the cones 5 and 6 of the cone sample, and the centering elements 10 and 11 of the spring centralizer, pressed outward by the springs 9, interact with the walls of the well. If necessary, the necessary technological equipment, for example a pipe filter (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), is attached to the housing 1 by means of a thread 37 (see FIG. 2). During the descent, the borehole fluid does not inflate the lower self-sealing cuff 15, since the hollow rod 19 relative to the housing 1 is in the upper position (see Fig. 1), in connection with which the borehole fluid, acting from below on the plug 18 and lifting the hollow rod 19, flows from the bottom up first along the central channel 2 of the housing 1, and then through the inner space of the hollow rod 19 through its radial channels 20 and then through the narrowing 29 into the central channel 2 of the housing 1 and the holes 22 of the landing tool 16.

The maximum axial movement of the hollow rod 19 relative to the housing 1 in the upper position of the rod (see figure 1) is limited by the distance between the upper 27 and lower 28 spring rings installed respectively in the ring samples 24 and 23 of the hollow rod 19.

Upon reaching the interval of the installation in the well, located above the opened formation (not shown in Figs. 1, 2), descent is stopped. Then the tubing string is lifted with the housing 1 (see FIG. 1) to a length greater than the length of the first short longitudinal groove 31 (see FIG. 2) and turned clockwise to a length greater than the length of the figured groove 34. As a result, the finger 8 moves from the first short longitudinal groove 31 along the figured groove 34 into the long longitudinal groove 33 - the working position, since the centering elements 10 (see figure 1) and 11, interacting with the walls of the well, hold the movable sleeve 7 with the finger 8 in place. After that, the tubing string is unloaded, the housing 1 (see Fig. 1) moves down, and the movable sleeve 7 remains in place. As a result, the upper slots 12, interacting with the upper cone 5, are pressed against the walls of the well, fixing the housing 1 relative to the well, and the shear elements 17 are destroyed, freeing the housing 1 from the planting tool 16, which rests on the upper edge of the housing 1 or an additional one pipe 30 (depending on the design of the additional pipe 30 — in FIG. 1, the stop 21 will rest on the additional pipe 30).

Next, the tubing string together with the planting tool 16 is removed from the well, after which a submersible pump (not shown in FIGS. 1, 2) is lowered on the tubing string or is lifted if the tubing string is equipped immediately with a submersible pump. Then start the submersible pump, under the action of which the opened formation is cleaned and operated. In this case, the production of the reservoir under the action of the submersible pump and along the tubing string is removed from the well, since the hollow rod 19 relative to the housing 1 is in the upper position (see Fig. 1), the production of the formation along the lower part of the central channel 2 of the housing 1 the plug 18 and lifting the hollow rod 19, flows from the bottom up first through the central channel 2 of the housing 1, then through the inner space of the hollow rod 19 through its radial channels 20 and then through the narrowing 29 to the upper part of the central channel 2 of the housing 1 Receiving the above submersible pump. The maximum axial movement of the hollow rod 19 relative to the housing 1 in the upper position of the hollow rod 19 is limited by the distance between the upper 27 and lower 28 spring rings installed respectively in the ring samples 24 and 23 of the hollow rod 19.

If the performance of the submersible pump exceeds the productivity of the formation, then the liquid level above the packer decreases, reducing the pressure acting on the upper self-sealing cuff 14, and the pressure acting on the lower self-sealing cuff 15 remains constant, as it is due to reservoir pressure. Under the action of the pressure differential acting on the lower self-sealing cuff 15, the housing 1 moves upward until the lower slips 13 interact with the lower cone 6, since the movable sleeve 7 is fixed by the upper 10 and lower 11 centering elements of the spring centralizer relative to the well walls and can freely move up - down the nozzle 3. As a result, the housing 1 is rigidly fixed relative to the walls of the well with the lower slips 6, and the multidirectional self-sealing cuffs 14 and 15 reliably separate the inner space consistency of the borehole, the formation operation of a submersible pump does not stop.

If it is necessary to temporarily isolate (shut off) the formation (for example, to replace a submersible pump), the well is filled with liquid and excessive pressure is created on top of the packer, by which, on the upper self-sealing cuff 14, the housing 1 moves downward until the upper slips 12 interact with the upper cone 5, fixing the housing 1 relative to the walls of the well, while overpressure from above also acts on the hollow rod 19.

Upon reaching a certain value of excess pressure, which is regulated by the gap between the upper spring ring 27 and the lower annular sample 24 of the hollow rod 19, the upper spring ring 27 interacting with the upper edge of the narrowing 29 in the upper position of the hollow rod 19 relative to the housing 1 (see figure 1 ), is compressed inside the annular sample 24 of the hollow rod 19. In this case, the hollow rod 19 moves downward relative to the housing 1, and the upper spring ring 27 in a compressed state slides along the inner surface of the narrowing 29. Moving down the polo about the rod 19 continues until the upper spring ring 27 comes out of the restriction 29 and unclenches in the central channel 2 of the housing 1, while the lower spring ring 28 continues to be in the central channel 2 of the housing 1 in an uncompressed state, while the seal 26 located in the annular selection 25 of the hollow rod 19, and the plug 18 will also move down. As a result, the seal 26 of the hollow rod 19 hermetically closes the central channel 2 of the housing 1. As a result, the hollow rod 19 occupies a lower position relative to the housing 1, and the internal cavity of the well is hermetically disconnected.

To resume the operation of the reservoir, the central channel 2 of housing 1 is depressurized. For this, the liquid level above the packer is reduced using a pump previously lowered into the well, thereby reducing the pressure acting on the upper self-sealing cuff 14. Moreover, the pressure acting on the lower self-sealing cuff 15 remains constant, as it is due to reservoir pressure. Under the action of a pressure differential acting on the lower self-sealing cuff 15, the housing 1 moves upward until the lower slips 13 interact with the lower cone 6, which fix the housing 1 relative to the borehole walls.

Upon reaching a certain value of the differential pressure, which is regulated by the gap between the upper spring ring 27 and the lower annular sample 24 of the hollow rod 19, the upper spring ring 27, which interacts with the lower edge of the restriction 29 due to the above pressure drop, is compressed and enters the restriction 29. In this case the hollow rod 19 with the upper spring ring 27 in its compressed ring 24 in a compressed state move in the central channel 2 upward relative to the housing 1.

The upward movement of the hollow rod 19 continues until the upper spring ring 27 comes out of the restriction 29 and unclenches in the central channel 2 of the housing 1, while the lower spring ring 28 continues to be in the central channel 2 of the housing 1 in an uncompressed state, in the annular selection 25 of the hollow rod 19, the seal 26 and the plug 18 also move up. As a result, the hollow rod 19 again occupies an upper position relative to the housing 1, and its seal 26 depressurizes the central channel 2 of the housing 1 and communicates the internal cavity of the well. Then the operation of the wellbore is carried out in the usual mode.

If necessary, two-way circulation of fluid in the packer (for example, for injection of reagents), the tubing string and the submersible pump are removed from the well. Then, a removable mechanism is lowered into the well (for example, the outer tube on the rope — not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2), which captures the hollow rod 19 for the samples 36 made on its outer surface above the seal 26.

After that, the removable mechanism begins to lift, creating an upward force under the action of which, first, the hollow stem 19 moves upward until the lower spring ring 26 interacts with the lower edge of the narrowing 29, and then the housing 1 (see Fig. 1) moves upward until the lower slips 13 s interact lower cone 6, which fix the housing 1 relative to the walls of the well. When a certain force is reached, the lower spring ring 28 is compressed and enters the inner surface of the restriction 29 and, in a compressed state, slides along the inner surface of the latter until the end of the restriction 29, after which the hollow rod 19 is freely released from the body 1 and removed from the well.

To restore the packer to working condition, the hollow rod 19 is telescopically inserted into the central channel 2 of the housing 1 — the initial state.

If it is necessary to remove the packer from the well, a tubing string is lowered into it with a tubing at the lower end, which captures the packer body 1. Then the tubing string is lifted with the housing 1 to a length greater than the length of the long longitudinal groove 33 (see FIG. 2) and rotated clockwise to a length greater than the length of the horizontal part of the curly groove 35. Then (see FIG. 1) the tubing string with the housing 1 is lowered to a length greater than the length of the long longitudinal groove 33 (see figure 2), and then again raised. As a result, the finger 8 moves from the long longitudinal groove 33 along the curly groove 35 to another short longitudinal groove 32 — the position for removing the packer, since the slips 12 (see FIG. 1) and 13 cannot interact with the corresponding cones 5 and 6. Next the packer assembly is removed from the well.

The design of the proposed packer is simple, reliable and technologically advanced due to its mechanical reliable fixation in the required interval of the well and the possibility of various technological operations, including those with the reservoir off.

Claims (4)

1. A packer comprising a housing with a central channel, a nozzle having a figured groove on the outer surface, and a cone selection adjacent to the nozzle, a movable sleeve mounted on the nozzle, with a finger interacting with the figured groove, and a spring-loaded centralizer, at the ends of which are located the slips interacting with the cone selection, the upper self-sealing and lower cuffs, the check valve, the landing tool, connected rigidly to the tubing string and tubing with shear elements, a hollow end a rod with radial channels, the lower end mounted telescopically in the central channel of the housing, characterized in that the landing tool is made in the form of a pipe with emphasis on the inner surface, the inner cavity of which is in communication with its outer space, and the hollow rod is sealed above the radial channels and provided with ring samples, one in the lower part and two above the radial channels, in the upper of which a seal is installed, and the two lower ones - the upper and lower spring rings, and the cone filled in the form of an upper and lower cone, between which a nozzle is located, with an upper self-sealing cuff and a lower cuff, respectively, arranged in the form of a self-sealing cuff opposite the upper one, located on top of the upper cone and below the lower cone, while the centralizer is made in the form of upper and lower centering elements equipped with corresponding multidirectional slips, the central channel of the housing above the upper self-sealing cuff is equipped with a narrowing, in which anichennogo downward axial movement is inserted a hollow rod, wherein radial ducts hollow stem adapted to communicate with the central bore above the restriction when the hollow stem is moved upward, and the upper snap ring adapted to adjustable fixation of the hollow rod when moving downwards. 2. The packer according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing above the self-sealing cuff is made with the possibility of adjustment along the length. 3. The packer according to claim 2, characterized in that the figured groove is made in the form of two short and one long, installed between short, longitudinal grooves, sequentially interconnected by figured grooves, one of which connects the bottom of the first of the short grooves, which is transport, with the middle of the long longitudinal groove, which is the working one, and the other, the bottom of the long groove with the middle of another short longitudinal groove, which is removable and located along the length in the middle of the long groove. 4. The packer according to claim 2, characterized in that the hollow rod above the seal on the outer surface is provided with samples for a removable mechanism.

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