RU2303756C1 - Drier with movable tanks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: drying engineering.

SUBSTANCE: drier comprises housing, unit for charging dump material provided with the screw feeder, drying chamber, furnace with the mixing chamber, turbine gas blower, and the system for cleaning the exhaust air. The bottom section of the housing is shaped into a chute. The bearing grate is arranged in the line where the chute abuts against the housing. The chute-like section is connected with the branch pipe for supplying heat-transfer agent from the furnace or heat exchanger. The housing is separated into the compartment by the vertical baffles. The baffles are provided with openings through which an endless perforated belt moves. The belt carries the tanks. The dump material is charged into the hopper-feeder with the batcher into the empty tanks. The tanks are emptied from the opposite end of the housing when the belt turns to the hopper. The dried product is discharged to the branch pipe for discharging the dried material, and the exhaust heat-transfer agent enters the system for removing dust through the branch pipes made in the lid of the housing.

EFFECT: enhanced reliability.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for drying dispersed materials and can be used in microbiological, food, chemical and other industries.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a dryer by.with. USSR No. 553424, F26В 17/10, 1975, containing a wet material hopper with a screw feeder, a drying chamber with a support grill, a furnace with a mixing chamber, a gas turbine and an exhaust air purification system (prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low productivity of drying the final product.

The technical result is an increase in drying performance.

This is achieved by the fact that the dryer with moving containers contains a casing, a hopper-feeder with a dispenser, a drying chamber, the casing of which is divided by vertical partitions into compartments, in which openings are made for the passage of an endless moving perforated tape with containers attached to it, and wet material is loaded through hopper-feeder with dispenser in empty containers, which are unloaded from the opposite end of the housing when the tape is turned into the hopper, from where the dried product is taken into the nozzle by a bucket elevator unloading of dried material, a furnace with a mixing chamber or air heater, a gas turbo-blower and a dust cleaning system for exhaust heat carrier, according to the invention, the housing is made with a trough-like part in the lower part and a support grill installed on the line connecting the trough-shaped part to the housing, and a pipe for supplying the coolant is connected to the trough-shaped part from a firebox or heater, while an endless perforated tape with containers attached to it moves over the trough-like part of the body, and the spent air through the nozzles in the housing cover enters the dust cleaning system.

The drawing shows a dryer with moving partitions.

The dryer with moving containers contains a housing 1 with a trough-shaped part 8 in the lower part and a support grill 7 mounted on the line of docking of the trough-shaped part 8 to the housing 1. A pipe 9 is connected to the trough-shaped part 8 to supply the heat carrier from the furnace or heater (not shown in the drawing) . The housing 1 is divided by vertical partitions 5 into compartments in which openings are made for passage above the trough-like part 8 of the housing 1 of an endless moving perforated tape with containers 4 attached to it.

Wet material is loaded through a hopper-feeder 2 with a dispenser 3 into empty containers 4 and, as they move along the casing, is dried by the hot coolant supplied from the bottom of the tape through the pipe 9. The containers 4 are unloaded from the opposite end of the casing, when the tape is turned into the bunker 11, from where dried the product is taken by the bucket elevator 13 into the pipe 12 for unloading the dried material.

The spent coolant is discharged through the nozzles 10 located in the cover of the housing 1 to a dust cleaning system (not shown in the drawing), which consists of an acoustic unit and a cyclone with a suction fan.

A dryer with moving containers operates as follows.

Wet material is loaded through a hopper-feeder 2 with a dispenser 3 into empty containers 4 and, as they move along the apparatus, it is dried with a hot coolant supplied from the bottom of the tape through the pipe 9. The containers 4 are unloaded from the opposite end of the housing when the tape is turned into the hopper 11, from where the dried product Climbed bucket elevator 13 in the pipe 12 for unloading the dried material.

In the dryer of this design, drying in each tank occurs periodically, as a result of which the unloaded product has uniform humidity.

The spent coolant is discharged through nozzles 10 located in the cover of the housing 1 to a dust cleaning system (not shown in the drawing), which consists of an acoustic installation, the optimal parameters of which for sound processing of medium-fine dust are: sound pressure level 140 dB or more, vibrational frequency 900 Hz, dust concentration in the flow of at least 2 g / m ³ , scoring time 1.5 ... 2 s, and a cyclone with a suction fan. The drying agent (coolant - heated air or flue gases) together with small particles of the product enters the acoustic installation, the sound vibration parameters of which are adjusted from the control unit. In an acoustic installation, dust particles are separated from the coolant, since under the influence of the sound field and the associated oscillatory processes occurring in the medium of the spent coolant, the dust particles stick together, that is, coagulate, forming large aggregates, which greatly facilitates the subsequent cleaning of the coolant in gas cleaning devices . The following main factors act on suspended particles under the influence of acoustic vibrations: joint oscillation of particles and a gas medium, dynamic forces between neighboring particles. Large particles settle down either in an acoustic installation or enter a cavity associated with an inertial dust separator.

The optimal parameters for sound processing of medium-sized dust are: sound pressure level of 140 dB or more, vibrational frequency of 900 Hz, dust concentration in the flow of the drying agent is not less than 2 g / m ³ , sounding time is 1.5 ... 2 s. These parameters are due to the fact that, depending on their size, the suspended particle either participates in the oscillations of the medium (fully or partially), or does not participate, since the Stokes forces act on the particle and the medium. Moreover, when sound waves are transmitted through the volume of a gas located in a closed vessel, standing sound waves are established in the latter with the formation of nodes (the oscillation velocity is zero) and antinodes in which the amplitude of the velocity oscillations is maximum. The frequency of the oscillatory process, equal to 900 Hz, creates for the dust concentration in the coolant flow equal to at least 2 g / m ³ such an amplitude of the sound wave at which the amplitude of the velocity of the gas particle, determined by the ratio of sound intensity (sound pressure level 140 dB or more) to the speed of sound in the medium, will be in the antinode region of standing sound waves in a given closed vessel (acoustic installation), which ultimately determines the intensity of acoustic coagulation, that is, the rate of formation of large parts its. The scoring time of 1.5 ... 2 s is assigned from the condition of formation of an antinode of standing sound waves in a given closed vessel. If the scoring time is outside the range of 1.5 ... 2 s, then this will lead to the formation of nodes in standing waves (the oscillation speed is zero) and, as a result, to weaken the effect of acoustic coagulation.

The microprocessor is connected to the circuit, connected to pressure sensors, temperature, humidity, flow rates (not shown in the drawing) installed in the dryer elements, and with executive bodies (not shown in the drawing) that regulate the parameters of all dryer elements. The microprocessor analyzes the parameters of the drying process and sets the optimal mode by applying control signals to the actuators of the dryer elements.

The proposed installation allows high flow rates with reduced dust extraction and is intended for drying polymer and polydisperse materials, mineral salts and solutions. Such an apparatus has been successfully used to dry clumping (for example, ammonium sulfate) and fibrous (asbestos fiber, sea grass) materials, as well as a solution of the sodium salt of benzene metadisulfonic acid, and for drying pasty organic dyes.

Claims (3)

1. A dryer with moving containers, comprising a housing, a hopper-feeder with a dispenser, a drying chamber, the housing of which is divided by vertical partitions into compartments, in which openings are made for the passage of an endless moving perforated tape with containers attached to it, and wet material is loaded through the hopper a feeder with a dispenser in empty containers that are unloaded from the opposite end of the housing when the tape is rotated into the hopper, from where the dried product is taken by the bucket elevator into the dried discharge pipe about the material, a furnace with a mixing chamber or air heater, a gas turbine blower and a dust cleaning system for waste heat carrier, characterized in that the casing is made with a trough-like part in the lower part and a support grill installed on the line connecting the trough-shaped part to the casing, and a supply pipe is connected to the trough-shaped part heat carrier from the furnace or air heater, while an infinite perforated tape with containers attached to it moves above the trough-like part of the body, and the spent heat carrier through tube in the housing cover out in the dust cleaning system. 2. A dryer with moving containers according to claim 1, characterized in that the dust cleaning system consists of an acoustic installation, the optimal parameters of which for sound processing of medium-sized dust are: sound pressure level of 140 dB or more, vibrational frequency of 900 Hz, dust concentration in the stream at least 2 g / m ³ , scoring time 1.5-2 s, and a cyclone with a hopper associated with containers for dried material, and a valve is provided in the exhaust pipe of the cyclone to adjust the fan traction. 3. A dryer with moving containers according to claim 1, characterized in that a microprocessor is introduced into the circuit, which is connected to pressure sensors, temperature, humidity, flow rates installed in the elements of the drying circuit, and with executive bodies that regulate the parameters of all elements of the drying circuit , which analyzes the parameters of the drying process and sets the optimal mode through the action of control signals on the actuators of the elements of the drying circuit.