RU2302979C2 - Transportation facility - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation; aircraft ground servicing.

SUBSTANCE: proposed aircraft transportation facility includes tractor 1 and carrier 4 connected with tractor frame; carrier is provided with grip and actuating cylinder for holding the front leg 9 clear of the ground and for additionally loading the tractor inside the supporting perimeter. Fork-shaped grip is used for gripping the aircraft front leg on both sides; this grip has slots for release of front leg of the aircraft landing gear from dynamic tractive loads; towing rope 10 is engageable with main legs of aircraft landing gear taking up the tractive effort.

EFFECT: possibility of towing the aircraft by rear legs; reduced dynamic loads.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used for ground handling of aircraft.

A device for transporting and maneuvering an aircraft is known, comprising a tractor, carrier, pivotally mounted at the rear of the frame, bearing a gripper at the end that interacts with the front landing gear of the aircraft; between the gripper and the focus on the frame mounted hydraulic power cylinder [1].

The device discussed above is not effective enough, because in the process of towing the towing force is perceived only by the front strut, which is not designed to absorb the main loads.

A towing device is also known, comprising a tractor, a carrier carrying a gripper at the end that interacts with the front landing gear, an equalization unit and a tow rope, which is connected to the rear landing gear by means of grippers. The device is equipped with a hydraulic power cylinder to absorb dynamic loads in the towing device and the kinetic energy of the aircraft when starting, braking and acceleration [2].

However, this device is not efficient enough in operation due to low traction qualities in coupling wheel propulsion of the front axle of the tractor with the supporting surface due to a decrease in the vertical load on it, because the towing device is located outside the support perimeter.

Closest to the claimed device is a device for towing an aircraft containing a tractor, a carrier connected to the frame of the tractor and bearing at its end a grip interacting with the front landing gear of the aircraft. The carrier was made in the form of a frame and connected to the front landing gear of the aircraft in two places separated from each other by quickly connecting grips, and to the tractor through the guide, on the movable part of which a spherical support was mounted. At the same time, power hydraulic cylinders are mounted parallel to the guide, and an additional hydraulic cylinder is mounted between the carrier and the tractor buffer by means of ball joints [3].

This towing device differs from the above in that the ball bearing is located inside the supporting perimeter of the tractor frame and provides the possibility of optimal load distribution on its axles.

The disadvantage of this towing device is that when using it, the main traction loads fall on the front landing gear of the aircraft, not intended for their perception.

As a solution to this problem, a new towing device is proposed that allows you to tow the plane behind the main landing gear and load the drive wheels of the tractor with the weight on the front desk of the aircraft.

The proposed device for towing an aircraft contains a tractor, a fork-shaped carrier in the form of a frame, connected to the front landing gear of the aircraft using a gripping device, and to the rear struts via a towing cable. The carrier was connected to the tractor through a guide having a ball bearing on the moving part.

This device allows you to tow the aircraft for the main racks designed to absorb such loads, as well as load the drive axles of the tractor with the weight attributable to the front landing gear of the aircraft.

Common features of the prototype and the claimed device are: a carrier in the form of a frame, power hydraulic cylinders mounted parallel to a guide containing a spherical support, as well as an additional hydraulic cylinder, which is located between the tractor buffer and the frame of the carrier.

Distinctive features are: the modified form of the carrier, which contains a fork-shaped grip that allows you to grab the front landing gear on both sides, the carrier also contains special grooves that allow you to remove dynamic loads from the front strut. Changing the shape of the carrier also allows it to interact with the main landing gear of the aircraft through a tow rope.

The inventive device is shown in figure 1 is a side view, figure 2 is a top view, figure 3 is a hydraulic power cylinders, figure 4 is an additional hydraulic power cylinder, which is a two-way shock absorber, figure 5 is a principal hydraulic scheme of the towing device.

A device for towing aircraft includes the following elements (Figs. 1, 2): tractor 1, carrier 4, additional hydraulic power cylinder 5. The carrier is connected to the front landing gear 9 of the aircraft 6 by means of a gripper 8, and the rear struts 12 through a towing cable 10 With a tractor, the carrier is connected through a guide 13 supporting a spherical support 3. Parallel to the guide 13, hydraulic cylinders 2 are mounted (Fig. 3). Between the buffer of the tractor 1 and the frame carrier 4 is a double-sided shock absorber 5 (figure 4).

Figure 5 shows a schematic hydraulic diagram of a device for towing aircraft, comprising the following elements: spools 28 and 32, hydraulic power cylinders 2, filter 33, hydraulic pump 29, safety valves 30 and 31.

The additional hydraulic cylinder (figure 4) is an elastic element 15 that interacts with two movable washers 20 and 21 and is dressed on the movable part of the shock absorber 14, which has two pressure stops 19 and 22. The movable part of the shock absorber is connected to the rod 24 of the double-sided cylinder through a hinge 23 17, the piston of which divides the cylinder into two cavities 25 and 26 having equal volumes. The hydraulic cylinder 5 itself is rigidly connected to the gripper 27 by means of sliding stops 16 and 18.

Towing is as follows.

Before towing the tractor 1 drives up to the aircraft 6 in reverse along the axis of the aircraft 6 directly to the front rack 9 and stops. The tractor operator 1 combines the carrier frame 4 with the front strut 9 at point 8, fixes the carrier 4 with the strut 9 by means of a gripper. Then, the towing cable 10 is secured to the rear struts 12. After that, the operator delivers oil through a pump 29 to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinders 2 of the additional hydraulic cylinder 5. The hydraulic cylinder rods extend upward together with the front landing gear 9 of the aircraft 6. At the same time, the other end of the frame 4, on which is attached towing cable 10, falls down, which leads to the tension of the cable. The front strut 9 is hung up and the main traction loads are distributed to the rear struts 12, as well as the tractor 1 is loaded inside the support perimeter, which leads to its uniform loading. This allows you to increase the traction power of the tractor on the clutch and reduce wheel slip, which is especially necessary in the autumn-winter period when towing on a wet and snowy surface.

The dynamic load of the structure is reduced due to the operation of the hydraulic cylinders 2 and 5 and the tension of the cable 10. Due to the special groove 7 made in the carrier device 4, the front landing gear of the aircraft is freed from the dynamic load.

When sharply moving away, the oil flows freely from the cavity 25 into the cavity 26 of the hydraulic cylinder 5. And due to this, the dynamic loading of the front strut 9 is excluded, and the towing force of the towbar 1 is softened by the additional hydraulic cylinder and the flexibility of the towing cable 10.

In the event of braking of the towing vehicle 1, the towing cable 10 sags and the aircraft 6 through the front landing gear 9 begins to act on the additional hydraulic cylinder 5, due to the flow of oil between the cavities 25 and 26, the kinetic energy of the aircraft 6 is partially extinguished. Then, the force is transmitted through the rod 24 of the hydraulic cylinder 17 to the movable part 14 of the additional hydraulic cylinder 5, then to the pressure stop 22, the movable washer 21, the elastic element 15, to the movable washer 20.

The manufacture of the towing device for an aircraft towing vehicle is made from units and assemblies commercially available from the industry, and a number of parts can also be manufactured using machine tools.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2139227, M. cl. 6 B64F 1/22 dated 08.24.1998, publ. 10/10/1999, bull. No. 28.

2. RF patent, No. 2160691, M. CL 7 B64F 1/22 from 07/05/1999, publ. 12/20/2000, Bull. Number 35.

3. RF patent, No. 2160690, M. CL 7 B64F 1/22 from 07/05/1999, publ. 12/20/2000, Bull. Number 35.

Claims (1)

A device for transporting aircraft containing a tractor with a frame connected in the form of a frame carrier with a grip and with a power cylinder to provide hanging the front pillar and loading the tractor inside the support perimeter, characterized in that the grip made fork for grasping the front pillar of the aircraft with two sides, has grooves for releasing the front landing gear of the aircraft from dynamic traction loads, and the towing cable, which interacts with the main landing gear of the aircraft, is designed bubbled to the thrust.

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