RU2302899C2 - Vortex-type cereal material sheller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment for shelling of various cereal crops used in groats industry and farms.

SUBSTANCE: vortex-type sheller has grain feeder, air duct connected with grain feeder, and receptacle chamber. Air duct is formed as vortex-type ejector having tangential nozzle and diaphragm, which are located at inlet end and diffuser located at outlet end. Roller bearing secured with diaphragm has dust protective rings and rod attached along helical line to innermost ring of roller bearing. Rod prevents untreated mass of cereal material from plugging diaphragm openings. Receptacle chamber is connected to inlet end of vortex-type ejector and is formed as cyclone apparatus. Discharge device positioned at one side of cyclone apparatus is equipped with netted sack and designed for discharge of air and shell mixture. Receptacle hopper is positioned at other side of cyclone apparatus and designed for receiving of cleaned grain kernel.

EFFECT: improved quality of cleaning cereal materials.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for peeling grain of various crops and is intended for use in cereals and farms for processing grain into groats or preparing raw materials for squeezing oil.

A device for peeling grain with a disk, cylindrical or deck working body [1].

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not prevent mechanical damage to the grain.

Also known is a peeling device for grain materials, the working body of which is an air duct, made in the form of a zigzag channel of rectangular cross section and in the form of a pipe with a tangential air supply, the inner side surfaces and concave sections of which are covered with an emery mass [2].

The disadvantage of this device is the low intensity of peeling.

Known vortex scrubber of grain materials containing a receiving chamber, a feeder for feeding grain, an air duct connected to it, made in the form of a vortex ejector, including a tangential nozzle and a diaphragm installed at the inlet, and a diffuser at the output [3]. The disadvantage of this scrubber is that when working at low productivity and with increased moisture content of the grain material, the feed hole is clogged with grain mass and requires cleaning, and also the receiving chamber allows only partially to separate the multicomponent mixture.

The objective of the invention is to improve the design of the vortex scrubber of grain materials by eliminating the cleaning operation of the feed device by increasing the flow rate of the grain mass through the diaphragm into the vortex ejector, as well as dividing the multicomponent mixture at the outlet of the scrubber into three fractions: grain, husk and air.

This technical result in a vortex scrubber of grain materials is achieved by the fact that it contains a feeder for feeding grain, an air duct and a receiving chamber connected to it, the air duct is made in the form of a vortex ejector including a tangential nozzle and a diaphragm installed at the input, and a diffuser at the output, except In addition, a rolling bearing is attached to the wall of the tangential nozzle with a rod fixed along a helical line to its inner ring, a receiving chamber located at the outlet of the vortex ejector is made in the form of a cyclone th unit comprising the outlet on the one hand dust-air mixture outlet, with mounted thereon a mesh bag to collect hulls and on the other hand - receiving hopper for corn kernels.

Figure 1 is a General view of the vortex scrubber of grain materials; figure 2 is a fragment of the node feeder for feeding grain materials into a vortex ejector of a vortex scrubber.

The vortex scrubber of grain materials (Fig. 1) contains a feeder for feeding grain 1 and an air duct made in the form of a vortex ejector 2, including a tangential nozzle 3 at the inlet, a diaphragm 4 through which the grain material enters the vortex ejector 2, and a diffuser 5. K the diaphragm 4 (figure 2) is attached to the bearing 6 with protective rings from dust and a rod 7 fixed along a helical line to its inner ring 7. A receiving chamber 8, made in the form of a cyclone apparatus, is connected to the output of the vortex ejector 2, including one side of the outlet s outlet 10 with fixed to it a mesh bag 11, serving to release a mixture of air with husks and on the other side of the receiving hopper 9 for clean grain kernels.

Vortex scrubber of grain materials works as follows.

When air is supplied from the compressor to the tangential nozzle 3 of the vortex ejector 2, the air flow moves along the axis of the vortex ejector in a spiral, due to which a low pressure region forms on its axis. As a result, the grain is sucked in from feeder 1 and enters the rarefaction region. Due to the sudden pressure inequality under the shell of the grain, equal to atmospheric, and outside the grain, equal to the pressure in the vortex ejector 2, the shell ruptures and thus the peeling process is carried out. The final separation of the core and the film is completed in the receiving chamber 8 by swirling the air flow in the cyclone apparatus through the diffuser 5. The nucleus flies into the hopper 9, and the husk is carried away by the air flow through the outlet 10 and enters the mesh bag 11, which delays the husk and passes through itself a stream of air. The bearing 6 with dust protection rings and the rod 7 fixed to it is designed so that the grain mass more intensively flows from the tray into the tangential nozzle of the vortex ejector 2. The rod 7, mounted on the inner ring of the bearing along a helical line, causes rotation of the bearing ring 6, which significantly increases the intensity of the supply of grain mass at the entrance to the tangential nozzle of the vortex tube.

The intensity of the process of peeling of grain materials is regulated by the input flow rate of compressed air and the pressure at the entrance to the tangential nozzle of the vortex ejector.

The use of this invention allows to eliminate mechanical damage to the grain during the peeling process, to increase the intensity of the peeling process and to divide the multicomponent mixture at the outlet of the peeling machine into three fractions: grain, husk and air.

Information sources

1. Technological equipment of grain storage and processing enterprises. / Ed. A.Ya.Sokolova. - M .: Kolos, 1984.

2. USSR Copyright Certificate No. 682263, cl. B02B 3/00, 1979.

3. Utility model RU 10602 U1. Swirling peeling of grain materials. / V.I. Kuznetsov, V.V. Makarov (RU) - Declaration. 12/21/1998; Publ. 09/16/1999.

Claims (1)

A vortex scrubber of grain materials containing a feeder for feeding grain, an air duct and a receiving chamber connected to it, the air duct being made in the form of a vortex ejector having a tangential nozzle and a diaphragm installed at the inlet, and a diffuser at the outlet, characterized in that the bearing is fixed to the diaphragm rolling with protective rings against dust and a rod fixed along a helical line to its inner ring, which eliminates the clogging of the diaphragm hole with an untreated mass of grain material, while I chamber is connected to the exit of the vortex ejector and is made in the form of a cyclone apparatus, on one side of which there is an outlet with a mesh bag fixed on it, which serves to exit the mixture of air with husk, and on the other hand, a receiving hopper for refined grain.

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