RU2301896C1 - Axial piston engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; engines.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine contains cylinder block with working section cylinders and compression section cylinders. Crankshaft with crank is installed in cylinder block for rotation in bearing supports. Pistons of working section arranged in cylinders in pairs are made non-round, for instance, oval to preclude axial turning. Pistons are coupled by rods through spherical joints with levers of inclined plate in which hole is made coaxially at both side of which bearing supports are arranged symmetrically to connect inclined plate with crank. Cross-member is hinge mounted in housing on two opposite journals, and inclined plate is made for rocking on two opposite journals hinge-mounted in cross-member. Engine contains additionally compressor with electric drive from electrical system cut into operation to build pressure in receiver before starting of engine and to increase compression ratio, when necessary. Moreover, output of compression section and output of compressor are connected through air receiver to inputs of intake valves of cylinder head of working section.

EFFECT: provision of axial-piston engine featuring high reliability and small size in which pressure of fresh charge changes in process of operation.

Description

The invention relates to engine building, and more particularly to axial piston internal combustion engines with axes of cylinders located in the same plane with the axis of the drive shaft, and with a swinging inclined washer.

Known axial piston engine comprising a cylinder block, pistons with connecting rods installed in the cylinder block, a drive shaft, an inclined washer with a swinging washer mounted on it, connected to the connecting rods, an additional counter-mounted piston with a connecting rod, at least one hollow in each cylinder an intermediate shaft, one additional inclined washer with a swinging washer mounted on it, connected with connecting rods of opposing pistons, both inclined washers mounted on each hollow intermediate shaft and each intermediate shaft is connected to the drive shaft through cylindrical gears, and each swinging washer is connected to the drive shaft through bevel and cylindrical gears (see the description of the invention to RF patent No. 2163682, IPC F02B 75/32, F02B 75/26, F01B 3/02, publication 02/27/2001).

A disadvantage of the known engine is its low efficiency due to the large number of gears.

Known axial piston engine, comprising a housing mounted in a housing on sliding bearings with the possibility of rotation of the drive shaft with the first axis of symmetry and with a crank, cylinder block, the axes of which are parallel to the first axis of the drive shaft, pistons with connecting rods located in the cylinders, an angled washer from the second an axis and a central axle pivotally connected with the possibility of swinging with a crank, while the inclined washer is pivotally connected by means of connecting rods to pistons, a crosspiece with two opposite to one third axles with pivots mounted pivotally in the housing on rolling bearings, in addition, the inclined washer is made with two additional pivots oppositely located on the fourth axis, which are pivotally mounted on the cross by means of rolling bearings, with the fourth axis being perpendicular to the third axis and intersecting at a common point with the first, second and third axes (see the description of the utility model for RF patent No. 40393, IPC F01B 3/02, publication September 10, 2004).

The disadvantage of this engine, adopted as a prototype, is the cantilever arrangement of the drive shaft, which increases the dimensions of the engine, increases the load on the hinge of the central journal connected to the crank, and accordingly reduces the reliability of the engine as a whole.

The task of the invention is to increase reliability, reduce dimensions, change the degree of compression during operation of axial piston engines.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the axial piston engine contains a cylinder block with cylinders of the working section and with the cylinders of the compressor section, mounted in the cylinder block with the possibility of rotation in the bearings of the crankshaft with a crank and with the first axis of symmetry, which is located in the same plane with the axes of the cylinders, the pistons of the working section and the pistons of the compressor section located in pairs in the cylinders, to prevent axial rotation having a non-circular shape (for example oval), with rods, inclined a washer with levers, with a second axis of symmetry and with a hole coaxial with it, on both sides of which bearings are mounted symmetrically connecting the tilted washer with a crank, and the tilted washer with spherical joints sliding along its levers is connected to rods and pistons, a spider with two pivots opposite on the third axis, which are pivotally mounted in the housing in the bearing bearings, in addition, the inclined washer is made to swing on two opposite located on the fourth the axis of the axles, which are pivotally mounted in the cross in the bearing bearings, while the fourth axis is perpendicular to the third axis and intersects at a common point with the first, second and third axes, the engine further comprises a cylinder head of the compressor section, an electric compressor from the electrical system, which is switched on before starting the engine and, if necessary, increasing the degree of compression, an air receiver, a camshaft with cams for controlling through the pushers the inlet and outlet valves of the qi head Indra working section, which is mounted on the extension of the first axis in the cylinder block in a bearing support, wherein the output of the compressor section and exit through the air compressor receiver are connected to the inputs of the intake valves of the cylinder head.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 shows an axial piston engine, a General view in longitudinal section;

figure 2 is the same, a transverse section aa.

The axial piston engine contains a cylinder block 1 with cylinders 2 of the working section and with cylinders 3 of the compressor section, mounted in the cylinder block 1 with the possibility of rotation in the bearings 4, 5, the crankshaft 6 with a crank 7 and with the first axis of symmetry, which is located in one planes with axes of cylinders 2, 3 located in cylinders 2, 3 in pairs of pistons 8 of the working section and pistons 9 of the compressor section, to prevent axial rotation having a non-circular shape (for example oval), with rods 10, an inclined washer 11 with levers 12, about the second axis of symmetry and with a hole coaxial with it, on both sides of which bearings 13, 14 are symmetrically located, connecting the inclined washer 11 with the crank 7, while the inclined washer 11 is hinged by its 15 levers 12 and rods 10 connected to the pistons 8 and 9, the crosspiece 16 with two pins 17, 18 opposite on the third axis, which are pivotally mounted in the cylinder block 1 in the bearing bearings 19, 20, in addition, the inclined washer 11 is made to swing on two opposite to the fourth the axis of the axles 21, 22, which are pivotally mounted in the crosspiece 16 in the bearing bearings 23, 24, while the fourth axis is perpendicular to the third axis and intersects at a common point with the first, second and third axes, the engine further comprises a cylinder head 25 of the compressor section, a compressor 26 with an electric drive from the electrical system, an air receiver 27, a camshaft 28 with cams 29, 30 for controlling through inlet pushers 31, 32 and 34 exhaust valves of the cylinder head 35 of the working section, which is installed on the first axis in the cylinder block 1 in the bearing support 36, while the output of the compressor section and the output of the compressor through the air receiver 27 are connected to the inputs of the inlet valves 33 of the cylinder head 35 of the working section. In the cylinder head 35, nozzles 37 for supplying fuel are installed.

Axial piston engine operates as follows. When the crankshaft 6 is rotated in the bearings 4, 5 in the cylinders 3 of the compressor section, the pistons 9 compress air and are forced into the air receiver 27. Intake and compression cycles. When the piston 8 is in the top dead center of cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1, when the crankshaft 6 is rotated, the exhaust valve 34 closes and the inlet valve 33 located in the cylinder head 35 opens. When the piston 8 moves towards the bottom dead center, the working cavity of the cylinder 2 is filled with compressed air from the receiver 27. With the piston 8 in which the volume of the over-piston cavity is equal to the volume of the combustion chamber, the inlet valve 33 is closed and fuel is injected through the nozzle 37. Start of the stroke cycle. When the piston 8 reaches the bottom dead center (or with some advance), the exhaust valve 34 opens. The end of the stroke and the start of the exhaust cycle. When the piston 8 moves from the bottom dead center to the top, exhaust gas is removed. The reciprocating pistons 8 through the rods 10, the hinges 15 act on the levers 12 of the inclined washer 11, swinging on the pins 21, 22 in the bearing bearings 23, 24 of the crosspiece 16 relative to the axis IV and together with the crosspiece 16 in the bearing bearings 19, 20 of the block cylinders 1 relative to axis III. As a result, the inclined washer 11 through the bearings 13, 14 acts on the crank 7, which makes a circular motion with the crankshaft 6 about the axis I in the bearings 4, 5 and with the camshaft 28 in the bearing 36 with cams 29, 30 acting through the pushers 31, 32 to the respective inlet 33 and outlet 34 valves of the cylinder head 35 of the engine. The compressor 26 is used to create air pressure in the air receiver 27 before starting the engine and to increase the pressure during operation in order to increase the degree of compression.

The claimed invention will improve reliability, reduce dimensions, change the compression ratio during operation of axial piston engines.

Claims (1)

An axial piston engine containing a cylinder block with cylinders of the working section and with the cylinders of the compressor section, mounted in the cylinder block with the possibility of rotation in the bearings of the crankshaft with a crank and with the first axis of symmetry, which is located in the same plane with the axes of the cylinders located in the cylinders in pairs, the pistons of the working section and the pistons of the compressor section, to prevent axial rotation having a non-circular shape (for example, oval), with rods, an inclined washer with a second axis of symmetry, seats a bovine with two pivots opposite on the third axis, which are pivotally mounted in the housing in the bearing bearings, in addition, the inclined washer is designed to swing on two pivots opposite on the fourth axis, which are pivotally mounted in the cross in the bearings, the fourth axis perpendicular to the third axis and intersects at a common point with the first, second and third axes, the engine further comprises a cylinder head of the compressor section, an air receiver, distribute a shaft with cams for controlling through the pushers the inlet and outlet valves of the cylinder head of the working section, which is mounted on the extension of the first axis in the cylinder block in the bearing support, while the output of the compressor section and the output of the compressor through the air receiver are connected to the inlet valves of the cylinder head the fact that the engine further comprises a compressor with an electric drive from the electrical system, included to create pressure in the receiver before starting the engine and when it is necessary to increase the degree of compression, and the inclined washer has an opening, on both sides of which bearings are symmetrically located connecting the inclined washer with a crank, while the inclined washer with spherical joints sliding along its levers is connected to rods and pistons.

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