RU2300629C1 - Method and device for gas-dynamic action application to reservoir - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil well operation, particularly methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures with the use of explosives.

SUBSTANCE: method involves performing perforation within the bounds of formation to be treated; assembling uncased sectional charge by passing composite rod through central channel of the charge having developed surface; bringing charge sections together and tightly pressing charge sections one to another; arranging gas flow splitter, which diverts gas flow generated during charge sections, below assembled charge sections, wherein the splitter is provided with through orifices,; lowering charge in well; combusting charge sections to increase temperature, create gaseous combustion products and pressure pulses; performing additional chemical and thermal reservoir treatment along with gas-dynamic treatment thereof. To provide chemical and thermal reservoir treatment several reagents are delivered to perforation interval. The reagents are filled in sealed cavities if air-tight container. Container interior is defined by central charge section channel and gas flow splitter interior. The reagents may be mixed with hot explosive to bring reagents into reaction during charge section combustion, failure of container or container cavity air-tightness. Device comprises uncased charge sections formed of compositions, which provide charge burning in aqueous, oil-water and acid media. The charge sections have central channels with developed combustion surfaces to provide predetermined burning time and pressure enough for hydraulic fracturing of reservoir. Device also has fitment made as composite metal rod passing through central channel of each charge section, gas flow splitter adapted to divert gas flow and provided with through orifices, centering rings arranged between charge sections and having diameters exceeding charge section diameters, and means to provide safe charge burning and centering in well. The gas flow splitter is located below assembled charge sections. Central channel of charge sections and gas flow splitter interior are made as chamber adapted to deliver several reagents to treatment interval. To provide container air-tightness container joints are hermetical. Centering rings impart air-tightness to charge section joint areas during device assembling. Splitter orifices are isolated from environment with case or plugs, which provide splitter seal breakage during charge section burning. Air-tight pads are arranged between splitter and charge sections. Container is divided into cavities to deliver several regents to treatment interval. The cavities are formed so that during charge section burning cavity seals are broken and reagents may be mixed with the use of hot explosive gases. Charge section diameters, central channel configurations and inner splitter volume provides necessary volume of reagents to be supplied to reservoir treatment interval.

EFFECT: possibility to create cracks and cavities in well bore zone, improved bottomhole formation zone cleaning of mudding products, decreased oil viscosity due to reagent delivery to reservoir interval to be treated and reagent mixing with the use of hot gas.

20 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to means for oil production.

A known method of gas-hydraulic impact on the formation, including deep penetrating perforation at all intervals of the treated formation, assembling an unpackaged sectional charge by passing parts of the tool to collect charge sections through the central channel of each charge section and pulling them close to each other with tooling details, launching the charge into the well and burning of its sections by starting the ignition unit and subsequent ignition of one or more igniter sections of the charge and main sections of the charge and to form combustion products, raising the temperature and pressure [1].

In the ignition section of the charge, the diameter of the channel is larger than in the main sections. As the ignition section of the charge, a support tube with pyrotechnic igniters is used, in the upper part it is sealed with a cable head, to which a geophysical cable is attached with two main sections of charge attached to it with an upper tip, and in the lower part is sealed with a plug with a cable attached to it Close to the igniter section, three main charge sections are put on. The device is lowered into the well and installed above the perforation interval by 2-4 meters. They ignite the ignition sections, which burn through the walls of the pipes and ignite the ignition section of the charge, and from it the main sections of the charge. Charge burning occurs from the channel. The lateral surface of the charge has a protective coating that protects the charge from friction and impact on the column.

The application of this method does not always give a positive effect. This is due to the fact that the charges are collected on a geophysical cable, at the junction of the charges during their burning, overheating and rupture of the wireline cable occur. The charge sections are disconnected, which can lead to an emergency. Tooling elements, protective coating, charge connection nodes remain in the well. There is a cable overlap.

Setting the charge in the well above the perforation interval leads to the fact that the pressure of the borehole fluid, which transfers the energy of the gases, acts on the treated formation.

As the closest analogue, the method of gas-hydraulic stimulation of the formation [2] is adopted, which includes deep-perforating perforation over all intervals of the treated formation, assembly of a shell-free section charge by passing a composite rod through the central channel of each charge section. They tighten and tighten the charge sections close to each other with centralizers. Between the lower center and the charge sections, there is a diffuser for exhausting the gas stream formed during the combustion of the charge with passage openings. Between the charge sections, centering rings are installed that are larger in diameter than the diameter of the charge sections, which do not allow the charge sections to move relative to each other and touch the walls of the casing. The charge is set in the well so that the charge sections are opposite the perforation holes, and its sections are burned. In order to carry out a pulsed action on the formation with high temperature and pressure, charge sections are burned over the entire surface; for this purpose, a shell charge is used, and the configuration of the central channel of the charge sections is taken with a developed surface. Calculate the mass of burnt charges and the number of sequential operations of lowering and burning sections of the charge.

As a prototype of the device, an open-section sectional charge for gas-hydraulic impact on the formation [3], including an ignition unit, and a charge section without a protective coating, was selected. One or more sections are igniter, and the rest, igniting from it, are the main ones. The charge sections have a central channel, the configuration of which takes the form of a developed combustion surface to provide a given burning time and pressure for hydraulic fracturing. The equipment includes parts for collecting charge sections and parts for tightening sections close to each other. To collect the charge sections, use a composite rod (made up of several elements), passed through the central channel of each charge section, streamlined centralizers are attached to both ends of the equipment to tighten and tighten the charge sections close to each other with a diameter exceeding the diameter of the charge sections between the sections charge centering rings are installed that are larger in diameter than the diameter of the charge sections. A diffuser is located between the lower centralizer and the charge sections to divert the gas stream generated by the combustion of the charge.

The charge passed acceptance tests, is mass-produced and successfully used in oil and gas fields, including using the method [2]. The effectiveness of the method is quite high, but it is not always possible to achieve the desired result. The disadvantages of the method and device include the fact that not all formations can be affected. So if the reservoir is of low power and the aquifer is nearby, then the calculated amount of burnt charge sections with a certain mass that can break the reservoir can affect the aquifer, which will lead to flooding of the reservoir. In addition, the technical condition of the well does not always allow the use of a charge of high power. The use of another effect after carrying out a gas-dynamic effect is not always effective due to the fact that this effect is not carried out at the site of the perforation interval, but along the entire wellbore, for example, acid treatment. In addition, these effects are spaced in time. In addition, the reagents injected into the well cannot always penetrate deep into the formation, and a number of reagents require a high temperature. In addition, if the reagents are pumped into the wellbore, this requires a large number of reagents, which leads to environmental pollution and is not economically feasible.

According to the analysis of the efficiency of oil wells after processing, they receive additional oil production, on average, during the year, with a gradual decrease in additional oil production. This is due to the fact that the formed cracks become clogged and / or closed, and in some cases, after exposure to the formation, the pump in the well is clogged with products from the formation.

The technical result of the invention is the creation in the borehole zone of the treated formation of cracks and cavities, i.e. creating a local fracture of the reservoir, and in addition, depending on the geological and technical problems facing the impact, additionally solve one or more of the tasks: clear the bottom-hole zone of the formation from mudding, reduce the viscosity of the oil, increase the permeability of the formation, clean the formation of products impact on the reservoir, fill the formed cracks with permeable material so that the cracks do not close, i.e. extend the period of effect on the reservoir. At the same time, chemical reagents are not pumped into the well, but delivered to the perforation interval in sealed compartments so that they react only in the perforation interval against the background of elevated temperature, pressure pulse and crushed into the formation by hot powder gases. In addition, expand the possibility of applying gas-hydraulic effects on the formation on low-power formations, on wells with low quality cement stone, etc.

The required technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of gas-dynamic impact on the formation, including perforation at all intervals of the treated formation, assembly of the open-section sectional charge by passing a composite rod through the central channel with a developed surface of each section of the charge, pulling and compressing the sections of charge close to each other , location below the collected sections of the charge of the diffuser of the outlet of the gas stream generated during the combustion of the sections of the charge, with through holes, mouth charge during the perforation interval, burning of the charge sections, accompanied by an increase in temperature, the formation of hot powder gases, and the creation of a pressure pulse according to the invention simultaneously with the gas-dynamic impact on the formation, additional chemical or thermal effects on the formation are carried out, for which, in the perforation interval in the hermetic compartments of the hermetic container with an internal cavity, which is the Central channel of the charge sections and the internal cavity of the diffuser for exhaust gas flow, to put several substances with the possibility of mixing them with each other with hot powder gases and entering into reaction when burning sections of charge, depressurization of the container and its compartments, while ensuring the reaction products enter the well fluid and fractures of the formation with powder gases under the action of a pressure pulse.

Besides:

an additional diffuser is installed above the charge sections to increase the internal volume of the container and reduce the load on the rod, while the diffuser is configured to add a cylindrical part without passage holes, with an internal volume necessary to deliver a given amount of substances, and arrange a cylindrical part without passage holes from the side of the charge sections;

for the development and deepening of cracks in the reservoir created by gas-dynamic effects, one compartment of the container is filled with a foaming agent, the second compartment of the container is an activator of foaming, the third compartment of the container is a foam stabilizer;

to remove asphaltene-tar-paraffin formations, paraffin deposits in the bottom-hole zone of the formation and downhole equipment and reduce oil viscosity, the container compartments are filled with substances that generate heat when mixed, while the chemical composition of the charge sections, the configuration of the central channel of the charge sections and substances are selected so that the burning time charge, the reaction time between substances, as well as the thermal energy of combustion of charges and the reaction of substances provided a thermal effect, enough Noe for the destruction and / or melted asfaltenosmoloparafinovyh formations and paraffins;

to remove asphaltene-tar-paraffin deposits in the bottom-hole zone of the formation and downhole equipment, samples are analyzed by group composition at a specific site of the field and substances are selected to dissolve specific deposits and prevent their formation - hydrocarbon solvents with paraffinic and aromatic hydrocarbons, a mixture of polar non-electrolytes, surfactants, alkali regulator, inhibitors, while the chemical composition of the charge sections, the configuration of the central channel of the sections the charge is selected so that the burning time of the charge and the thermal energy created by the burning of the charge provide a thermal effect for the melting of asphaltene-tar-paraffin formations;

to remove paraffins in the near-wellbore zone of the formation and downhole equipment, the samples are analyzed according to group composition at a particular site of the field and the selection of substances for dissolving specific paraffin deposits - solvents and dispersants, and the selection of substances that reduce the crystallization of paraffins - a modifier of paraffin crystals, reagents to improve fluidity in cold state and freezing point reducers, while the chemical composition of the charge sections, the configuration of the central channel of the charge sections according to Biranne so that the charge and the combustion heat energy created during the combustion of the charge, provided for the thermal effects of melted paraffin;

to reduce water inflow and increase the production rate of the hydrocarbon component of producing wells, selective treatment of the bottom-hole zone of the formation is carried out, for which hydrophobic substances and a solvent are used;

to reduce water inflow and increase the injectivity of injection wells, selective treatment of the bottom-hole zone of the formation is carried out, for which hydrophilic substances and a solvent are used;

to remove scaling in the bottomhole formation zone and downhole equipment, samples are analyzed according to group composition at a specific site of the field and substances are selected for dissolving specific deposits - scaling inhibitors, bactericides, corrosion inhibitor, acid;

reduce the viscosity of oil, for which they use substances in the form of inhibitors, solvents, surfactants, dispersants, bactericides, demulsifiers, while the chemical composition of the charge sections, the configuration of the central channel of the charge sections are selected so that the burning time of the charge and the thermal energy created when burning a charge, provided a thermal effect for the melting of paraffins that increase the viscosity of oil;

choose substances to increase the permeability of the formation - solvents, bactericides, corrosion inhibitors, surfactants, acids;

prior to the impact, the zone in the interval of the treated formation is separated from the entire wellbore fluid in the well, creating a packer, for this the central channel of the charge sections is filled with substances to act on the formation, and the internal cavities of the diffusers are filled with a highly viscous inert substance, which when the charge ignites and creates inside the container increased pressure, the first leaves the holes of the diffuser, thereby creating a closed volume in the well opposite the treated formation;

after the impact on the formation, an implosive effect is performed to clean the formation of the reaction products of the impact on the formation;

after burning sections of the charge, a second combustion is carried out, for which the container is filled with substance for cleaning cracks, a third combustion is carried out, for which the container is filled with quartz sand so that the resulting cracks do not close;

exclude the rotation of the charge sections relative to the axis of the composite rod, for which the outer surface of this rod is made in the form of a hexagon, and the central channel of the charge sections in the form of a six-petal shape;

they control the burning of the charge sections in real time and record the characteristics of the mode of charge operation, such as temperature and pressure in the borehole fluid during the exposure interval, register the acceleration of the displacement of the tooling and the electronic unit in the direction of the borehole axis under the action of a compression wave generated by the gas entering the borehole liquid during the combustion of the charge sections, and according to the acceleration values, the gas intake entering the reservoir is judged as the difference between the gas intake created during the combustion of the charge sections and the gas the result of falling into the borehole fluid, and when comparing the parameters of temperature, pressure and accelerating the displacement of the snap-in and the electronic unit in the direction of the axis of the well, the effectiveness of gas-dynamic and additional stimulation of the formation is judged, in addition, with repeated exposure to the formation and registration of parameters, by changing the parameters temperature, pressure and acceleration during the first exposure and during repeated exposure judge the change in permeability in the interwell space of the reservoir and the need for subsequent air action on the reservoir.

In addition, the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for gas-dynamic stimulation of the formation, which includes sections of an unburdened charge made of compositions providing combustion in an aqueous, oil-water and acidic medium with a central channel, the configuration of which has a shape with a developed combustion surface to provide a given combustion time and pressure for hydraulic fracturing, and equipment, including a composite rod passed through the central channel of each charge section, a diffuser for gas removal a flow with passage openings located below the assembled charge sections, centering rings between the charge sections, larger than the diameter of the charge sections in diameter, parts for tightening the charge sections close to each other, parts for ensuring safe combustion and charge centering in the well, according to the invention, a central channel charge sections and the internal cavity of the diffuser are a container for delivering several substances to the processing interval, and to ensure the tightness of the container, the joints are articulated All container elements are sealed, centering rings are made in such a way that they allow the joints of the charge sections to be sealed when assembling the device, the diffuser holes are sealed from the external environment with a casing or plugs, which ensures leakage of the diffuser during combustion of the charge sections, in addition, between the diffuser and the charge sections sealed gaskets are installed, while the container is divided into sealed compartments for delivery of several substances in the processing interval, while ki performed so that the combustion of the charge sections provided their depressurization and mixing of substances between a hot powder gases, and charge diameter sections, the configuration of the central channel of the charge section and the inner volume of the diffuser are designed so as to deliver a formation treatment interval required volume of substance.

Besides:

an additional diffuser is installed above the charge sections to increase the internal volume of the container and reduce the load on the rod, while the diffusers are designed so that an additional cylindrical part without passage holes is added, with an internal volume necessary to deliver a given amount of substance, and the cylindrical part without passage holes is located from the side of the charge sections;

the outer surface of the composite rod is made in the form of a hexagon,

and the central channel of the charge sections has a six-petal shape;

the composite rod is made with a hollow channel along its central axis, the upper end of this rod is connected to the wireline cable, and the lower end of the rod is connected to the electronic unit for monitoring and recording the characteristics of the charge mode, the ignition unit power wire and the heat-resistant conductor are connected through the hollow channel of the rod logging cable with an electronic unit for switching on the sensors of the locator of the couplings, temperature, pressure and an accelerometer to accelerate the displacement of the tool and the electronic unit in the direction of the axis of the well, hollow channel composite rod is filled with liquid.

For clarity, the drawing shows a section of the charge section 1 with the configuration of the Central channel with a developed surface 2 and passed through the Central channel of the charge section by the rod 3.

The method is as follows. Conduct deep penetration perforation at all intervals of the treated formation. Choose which additional method of stimulating the formation is most effective in specific geological and technical conditions simultaneously with the gas-dynamic impact. To this end, on the basis of laboratory research data for a given section of the field of the operating reservoir, and preferably a particular well, studying the operating conditions of the fields, the reasons for the decrease in oil production are identified and it is determined which method of additional exposure is most effective for a particular section of the field or individually for a particular well. This can be the development of cracks created by gas-dynamic effects, cleaning the formation of deposits of asphaltene-tar-paraffin formations (paraffin deposits), salt deposits, reducing the viscosity of oil, etc. For an additional method, choose two or more substances for exposure in the perforation interval. At the same time, when choosing substances, special attention is paid to ensure that, when they are mixed during the combustion of the charge sections and the passage of the reaction between them, the effect increases. For example, if we choose a substance with increased foaming for additional exposure, then a foaming activator is added as the second substance, and a foaming stabilizer is added as the third substance. In addition, when choosing substances, it is necessary to take into account that the reaction between these substances will take place against a background of elevated temperature - the temperature in the wells can be from 30 to 150 ° C, and during the burning of the charge sections it rises. When burning sections of a charge, a large number of powder gases are formed, which will also affect the course of the reaction between substances. So gases will increase foaming. In addition, the pressure in the well itself in the range of exposure is of the order of 100-300 atmospheres, and when the charge burns, it increases, so when the charge of the FGR 01-1 is burned, a short (fraction of a second) pulse of pressure increase (400-700 atm.) Is created, which is also increases foaming. It must be borne in mind that the reaction will proceed in the well fluid. Therefore, when choosing substances, all these factors must be taken into account so that they do not interfere with the passage of the reaction between the substances, but increase its effectiveness.

When choosing a charge, they are based on the fact that, in addition to the fact that the charge must carry out gas-dynamic fracturing of the formation, it must create the best possible conditions for the reaction between substances to occur and / or additionally have an effect. Therefore, determine what is most necessary for the selected additional exposure. This can be the magnitude and duration of the pressure pulse (for example, to create high-pressure foam), the magnitude and duration of the temperature increase (for example, in order to have time to melt ARPD and paraffins or lower the viscosity of the oil) or gas inlet (hot powder gases are necessary for mixing substances for any of methods of influence, but when creating high-pressure foam, they, in addition, will increase foaming, when preparing a suspension for selective isolation of the formation, gases will allow a uniform suspension). Therefore, a slowly burning charge or a fast-burning charge, charges with the necessary impulse to increase the temperature and pressure, are selected based on the chemical composition of the charge sections and the configuration of the central channel of the charge sections. Calculate the amount of substances that must be delivered in the interval of exposure. Then calculate the mass of the burned sections of the charge. It should be sufficient to provide a pressure in the interval of the treated formation that exceeds the tensile strength of rocks in order to create cracks and provide reliable hydrodynamic connection with the formation. Based on this, the number of sequential operations of descent and burning of the charge sections, the diameter of the charge sections, and the configuration of the central channel of the charge section are calculated.

The use of charge sections (1) with a large diameter will make it possible to reduce the length with the same mass of charge sections, i.e., use a smaller number of charge sections and thereby carry out a more local impact on the formation, which is relevant for low-power formations, when lying close from the impact interval of the aquifer, etc. In addition, charge sections with a large diameter with a developed configuration of the central channel of the charge sections (2) allow you to place a larger volume of matter in the central channel of the charge sections.

An unpacked sectional charge is assembled; for this, a composite (composed of several elements) rod 3 is passed through the central channel of each charge section. Centering rings are installed between the charge sections. The charge diffuser of the gas stream formed during combustion of the charge with passage openings is located below the charge sections. They tighten and tighten the charge sections close to each other with centralizers. The central channel of the charge sections, the configuration of which is made with a developed surface (2) and the internal cavity of the diffuser of the exhaust gas stream is a container in which the substance is placed to carry out additional chemical or thermal effects. The substance can be either in solid or in liquid or in semi-liquid (gel, paste) form.

For example:

- Corylate (TU 6-09-20-243-94) - a mixture of sodium salts of nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid with an admixture of sodium chloride. White or white with a greenish-blue tint;

- depressant additive VES (TU 38.401588-86) - is a viscous liquid, not darker than light gray or light brown;

- GALKA-TERMOGEL (TU 2163-015-00205067-01) as a gelling composition;

- Surfactant, foaming agent Sulfanol 40-45% paste TU 2481-10607510508-2000;

- Sulfanol powder TU 07510508, 135-98.

To ensure the tightness of the container, the joints of all the elements of the container are sealed. Depending on the amount of selected substances (two or more), the container is divided into airtight compartments, which allow delivering substances to the perforation interval and only with the beginning of the burning of the charge sections carry out a reaction between them. If two substances participate in the reaction, then two pressurized compartments in the container are necessary, if three substances, then three pressurized compartments are necessary, etc. Depending on the volumetric proportions of the delivered substances, the volumes of the compartments are calculated.

If it is necessary to deliver more material above the charge sections, an additional diffuser is installed to increase the internal volume of the container and reduce the load on the rod. In addition, they further increase the volume of the container by increasing the internal volume of the diffuser - add a cylindrical part without passage holes, which is located on the side of the charge sections.

The collected charge with the substances for exposure placed inside it is connected to the cable lug and placed on the geophysical cable in the well so that the charge sections are opposite the perforation holes and the gaseous products of combustion of the charge sections directly affect the treated formation. The charge sections are burned, during the combustion of which a large number of hot powder gases are formed, which carry out the depressurization of the diffuser openings, depressurization of the container compartments. Substances from the depressurized compartments of the container, mixing with each other, enter into a reaction that intensifies when exposed to hot gases, an increase in temperature and a sharp pressure jump. The reaction products enter the borehole fluid and with the powder gases under the influence of a pressure pulse through the perforations enter the processed formation. The reaction can continue inside the reservoir. Thus, at the same time as the gas-dynamic effect on the formation, an additional effect is performed.

So, if the container is filled with a substance with increased foaming, a foaming activator and a foam stabilizer, then it mixes with the gaseous products of combustion of the charge sections and, under the influence of a pressure impulse, forms a high-pressure foam, which, when it penetrates into the formation cracks, develops and deepens them. For example, one compartment of a sealed container is filled with a concentrated solution of ammonium bicarbonate (NH ₄ ) HCO ₃ , and the second compartment of a container is filled with a concentrated 36% hydrochloric acid solution. A chemical reaction occurs (NH ₄ ) HCO ₃ + HCl = NH ₄ Cl + H ₂ O + CO ₂ with the release of abundant gas evolution.

The most famous are foaming agents, including surfactants based on petroleum acids:

- Sulfanol powder Alkylbenzenesulfonic acid, sodium salt TU 07510508, 135-98;

- Sulfanol 40-45% paste TU 2481-10607510508-2000;

- "DS-RAS" alkylarylsulfonate. Refining of alkylarylsulfonates made it possible to obtain DS-RAS. It retains high foaming ability in highly mineralized waters even in the presence of hardness salts.

The foam stabilizer can be:

- gelatin;

- Polyacrylamide, TU 2216-001-40910172, Brand "Praestol-851 BC" \ D18;

- Polyacrylamide, TU-6-02-00209912-61-97, M. N-600 \ D03.

No less well-known are aluminosulfonate blowing agents, they include:

- Sulfonic acid kerosene contact (it is called "Petrov’s Kerosene Contact");

- sulfate alumina SG in accordance with GOST 5155-74. Technical aluminum sulphate with 18 water molecules - Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ · 18H ₂ O;

- caustic soda - caustic soda GOST 2263-79. Liquid sodium hydroxide. Solid caustic soda - mercury solid (flake). Apply a 20% solution;

- water.

The kerosene contact is neutralized with sodium hydroxide.

Alkaline neutralized sulfonic acids are produced in the factory. They're called:

NChK - neutralized black contact TU 38-602-22-18

NCHKR - neutralized black contact refined. TU 38-602-22-17.

The use of LFK or LFKR for the manufacture of aluminosulfonate foaming agent according to the above procedure is greatly simplified. Simply add a foam stabilizer - alumina sulfate.

To remove paraffin and paraffin deposits in the bottom-hole formation zone (BHP) and downhole equipment, to reduce the viscosity of oil as an additional method to gas-dynamic effects (from the formula), a thermal effect is performed. To do this, the compartments of the container are filled with substances that, when mixed, react with heat, and the substances are selected so that the reaction time between the substances and the thermal energy during the reaction provide a thermal effect sufficient to destroy and / or melt the paraffin wax and paraffins . Thermal action is also carried out when the charge is burning. Select a charge with a maximum value and duration of temperature increase in order to have time to melt the paraffin wax and paraffins.

As substances, for example, can be used:

1. Sodium granules and water. When sodium granules enter the water, a violent chemical reaction begins with the release of hydrogen.

2. Aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide with a concentration of 40-55% according to OST 301-02-205-99 are a non-combustible liquid fire and explosion-proof, not sensitive to shock, a fire beam. Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent that can decompose into water and oxygen. Under normal conditions, 1 liter of hydrogen peroxide releases 200 liters of gaseous oxygen. When injected into the well, decomposition of 1 kg of hydrogen peroxide, oxidation of oil and condensation of carbon dioxide, the total heat generated exceeds 3700 kJ. Iron salts are used as a catalyst, but decomposition is relatively slow. But it is worth adding a few salts of copper, as the reaction rate increases by 20 times, although copper salts alone can cause only a very, very weak decomposition of peroxide. This phenomenon is called activation. Of the salts of iron can be used, for example:

- iron sulfate heptahydrate (11) (vitriol) FeSO ₄ · 7Н ₂ О GOST 6981. The crystals are light green in color;

- iron (III) chloride. Iron (III) chloride 6-water, which is a soft crystalline mass or pieces of a yellow-brown color, soluble in water, alcohol and ether, hygroscopic GOST 4147-65.

Of the salts of copper can be used, for example:

- Copper sulfate (CuSO ₄ · 5H ₂ O), produced according to GOST 19347-99 grade A of the first grade.

- Copper sulfate grade B according to TU 2141-100-00194429-2003 of the first grade, finely dispersed. Colorless crystals, highly soluble in water.

3. When a chemical reaction occurs between zinc powder and copper sulfate (GOST 19347-99 or TU 2141-100-00194429-2003), a large amount of heat is generated. Active zinc displaces copper from its sulfate. In this case, free copper is formed - and heat.

The removal of paraffins in the bottomhole formation zone and downhole equipment against the background of an increase in temperature during charge burning is also possible chemically. To do this, for specific paraffin deposits at the field site, or better for a particular well, substances are selected for dissolving paraffin deposits. It can be solvents, surfactants, dispersants. In addition, substances that reduce the crystallization of paraffins can be selected, for example, a paraffin crystal modifier, cold flow improvers, and pour point reducers.

As organic solvents can be used, for example:

- Nefras S 50/170 (Gasoline) (GOST 8505-80);

- ShFTU - a wide fraction of heavy hydrocarbons.

The solvent dissolves the ARPD, restoring the permeability of the CCD, and imparts hydrophobic properties to the surface of the pore space of the reservoir, increasing the phase permeability to oil. As solvents, acid can be used, which increases the overall permeability of CCD and effectively dissolves inorganic deposits, for example:

- hydrochloric acid (TU-4814-42);

- hydrofluoric acid (TU 113-08-523-82),

- citric acid (crystalline powder, produced according to GOST 908-78);

- sulfamic acid - crystalline white powder is produced according to TU 6-36-00204197-1030-89;

- Inhibitor of paraffin deposits Corexit SXT-1050 - homogeneous liquid is produced according to TU 39-12966446-OP-006-99.

Depressor additive VES-408 (to improve the fluidity of petroleum products) (TU 38.401588-86). Prevents normal crystallization of paraffin deposits and prevents the formation of a closing crystal lattice of paraffin and thereby reduces the temperature at which the product loses its fluidity. It is a viscous liquid no darker than light gray or light brown.

As a demulsifier - Corrosion Inhibitor, you can apply:

- Reapon-IR - a new universal reagent of the Reapon-I series. (TU - 2458-010-12966038-2000) is highly effective in the processes of low-temperature demulsification. It is a liquid from yellow to light brown in color. Soluble in alcohols.

- Reapon-IF (TU 39-12966038-003-93) - surfactant composition in a solvent. Designed for technological processes of oil production and transportation and simultaneous protection against oilfield equipment corrosion. In addition, the demulsifier Reapon-IF has bactericidal properties, inhibits the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SBA). It is a light brown liquid. Soluble in alcohols.

Also, the removal of paraffin on the background of an increase in temperature during charge burning is possible also by chemical means. To do this, an analysis of the samples by group composition at a specific site of the field and the selection of substances to dissolve specific deposits and prevent their formation are carried out. For example, hydrocarbon solvents with paraffinic and aromatic hydrocarbons, a mixture of polar non-electrolytes, surfactants, alkali regulator, inhibitors.

If the main cause of paraffin is high paraffin, it is possible to use the substances mentioned above to remove paraffin. In addition, a number of reagents for the removal of paraffin are developed:

- PAF agent 13A (TU 2439-360-05763441-2001) - to prevent or limit deposits of sparingly soluble compounds (mainly carbonates) in the processes of oil production, preparation and transportation. An aqueous solution of polyaminomethylene phosphonates (grade A) and its mixture with antifreeze - ethylene glycol (grade B). Aqueous solution from light orange to brown.

- Reagent SNPCH-9633 (TU 2458-276-05765670-2001) is a mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactants in a hydrocarbon solvent. SNPCH-9633 is produced in 3 grades A, B1, B2, depending on the type and salinity of the water pumped into the well. Reagent SNPCH-9633 is intended for widespread use, but one of its properties is to clean the bottom-hole zone of the well due to the washing properties of the reagent. Transparent homogeneous liquid of dark green or dark brown color.

To reduce water inflow and increase the production rate of the hydrocarbon component of producing wells, selective bottom-hole treatment of the formation is carried out, for this, for example, hydrophobic substances and a solvent are selected depending on the reservoir characteristics of the formation, water cut in the well and the capacity of the production reservoir. To increase the injectivity of injection wells, selective treatment of the bottom-hole zone of the formation is carried out, for this, for example, hydrophilic substances and a solvent are selected depending on the reservoir characteristics of the formation, water cut of the well and the capacity of the production formation. For selective isolation, it is necessary to inject a homogeneous suspension into the formation, therefore, charge sections are selected so that the powder gases ensure thorough mixing of the substances to a state of a uniform suspension, and ensure the forcing of the suspension into the formation.

For wells with high flow rates and significant water cuts, the complex technology of selective isolation of water inflow, which is based on invert dispersion, is used. As an emulsion stabilizer, a product of the Polisil class is used, manufactured by RITEK-Polisil CJSC in accordance with TU 2169-001-49364794-99. This is a fine white powder - amorphous silica, "white soot" with a low bulk density (0.4 ÷ 0.8 g / cm ³ ) and an average individual particle size of 5 ÷ 50 microns. In a mixture with saturated hydrocarbons C5-C12 and higher, such as, for example, hexane, gas oil, HFTU, forms a stable suspension.

Reagent SNPCH-9633 (TU 2458-276-05765670-2001) is a mixture of anionic and nonionic surfactants in a hydrocarbon solvent. SNPCH-9633 is produced in 3 grades A, B1, B2, depending on the type and salinity of the water pumped into the well. Transparent homogeneous liquid of dark green or dark brown. Reagent SNPCH-9633 is intended for use in oil production processes (alignment of the injectivity profile and regulation of filtration flows). Technology based:

- on cleaning the bottom-hole zone of the well due to the washing properties of the reagent;

- on the ability of the reagent when interacting with mineralized water to form viscous stable emulsions with an external hydrocarbon phase and block washed highly permeable zones,

- to reduce water permeability and increase the permeability of the reservoir.

GALKA-TERMOGEL (TU 2163-015-00205067-01)

The reagent is intended for use as a gel-forming composition in oil recovery enhancement technologies for leveling the injectivity profile and selective isolation of highly permeable formations. Available in several versions: GALKA-TERMOGEL-S, GALKA-TERMOGEL-U, GALKA-TERMOGEL-NT.

The reasons for the formation of scaling are different, therefore, the selection of substances for removing scaling should be individual not only for this field, but also for the site of the field, the reservoir in operation, and preferably for a particular well. As scaling agents, for example, scaling inhibitors, bactericides, corrosion inhibitor, acid can be used. As a scale inhibitor, you can apply, for example:

- NARLEKS (TU 2458-009-24084384-2002). It is a clear liquid with a yellow or gray tint;

- Incredol-1 (TU 6-09-5363-87) - A mixture of nitrilotrimethylphosphonic, methyliminodimethylphosphonic, phosphorous acids, carbamide, ammonia, an acid corrosion inhibitor. The liquid is greenish yellow.

- Corilate (TU 6-09-20-243-94) A mixture of sodium salts of nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid mixed with sodium chloride. Powder, white or white with a greenish-blue tint.

- Nitrilotrimethylphosphonic acid (TU 2439-347-05763441-2001).

The use of NTF acid and its salts as an active principle in inhibitors of the deposition of sulfate and carbonate salts can completely prevent salt deposition in well equipment and in heat exchangers of thermochemical dehydration and desalination units. Colorless or slightly greenish crystalline free-flowing powder.

- Diphonate (TU 6-09-20-235-93). An aqueous solution of partially substituted sodium salts of a number of acids: nitrilotrimethylphosphonic, methyliminodimethylphosphonic, hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic, phosphorous and hydrochloric. The liquid is yellowish-green in color.

As bactericides can be used, for example:

- Soncid 8102, 8103 in accordance with TU 2458-012-00151816-99 (liquid);

- SNHP-1004 (TU 2458-011-12966038-2001). Water-soluble cationic phosphorus-containing surfactant in a mixture of organic solvents. It is intended at the same time to suppress the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SBB) and protect oilfield equipment from corrosion. Liquid.

As a corrosion inhibitor, you can use, for example:

- Amphicore (TU 39-12966038-004-95) is a water-soluble salt of derivatives of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds in a solvent. Homogeneous liquid of light brown color.

- Pressure-1007 (TU 2458-015-12966038-2001). Designed to protect oilfield equipment from corrosion, operating in environments containing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, including those infected with sulfate-reducing bacteria (SBB). Homogeneous liquid from light yellow to brown.

To reduce the viscosity of the oil, substances are selected, for example, inhibitors, solvents, surfactants, dispersants, bactericides, demulsifiers. The viscosity of oil can be caused by several reasons, but the most common is the high content of paraffin, which can be melted at an elevated temperature, therefore, when selecting a charge, they are based on the fact that the charge burning time and the thermal energy created by the burning of the charge provide a thermal effect for melting substances that increase the viscosity of oil, such as paraffins.

As a demulsifier - Corrosion Inhibitor, you can apply:

- Reapon-IR - a new universal reagent of the Reapon-I series. (TU - 2458-010-12966038-2000) is highly effective in the processes of low-temperature demulsification. It is a liquid from yellow to light brown in color. Soluble in alcohols.

- Reapon-IF (TU 39-12966038-003-93) - surfactant composition in a solvent. Designed for technological processes of oil production and transportation and simultaneous protection against oilfield equipment corrosion. In addition, the demulsifier Reapon-IF has bactericidal properties, inhibits the growth of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SBB). It is a light brown liquid. Soluble in alcohols.

NChK - neutralized black contact TU 38-602-22-18.

- Sulfonaft - neutralized acidic tar from oleum oil purification.

- Nonionic surface-active substances (surfactants) - KAUFE 14, UFE 8, OP-7 and OP-10 as demulsifiers of oils during their dehydration and desalination.

- Oxyphos - based on the synthesis of phosphorylated derivatives of polyethylene glycol ethers of alcohols and the technology for their industrial production based on domestic industrial raw materials. The main raw material for the preparation of the reagent was a mixture of hexaethylene glycol ethers of synthetic alcohols C8-C10 and phosphorus oxychloride;

- proxanol-186, proxanol-305, proxamine-385 are pasty substances with a melting point of 31-370 ° C. In order to obtain an easily moving product with a pour point of at least (-300 ° C), a methanol solvent is used.

Polyacrylamide - high molecular weight polyelectrolyte additives that reduce the cost of scarce demulsifiers. Available in the form of gels, powders.

In addition, if the reason for the increase in oil viscosity is an increased paraffin content, it is possible to use the substances mentioned above to remove paraffin.

The decrease in permeability of the reservoir can be caused by various reasons. To increase the permeability of the formation, substances are selected, for example, solvents, bactericides, corrosion inhibitor, acid. For example, you can use:

- hydrochloric acid (TU-4814-42);

- hydrofluoric acid (TU 113-08-523-82),

- citric acid (crystalline powder, produced according to GOST 908-78);

- sulfamic acid - a white crystalline powder is produced according to TU 6-36-00204197-1030-89 or a mixture of these acids.

As a corrosion inhibitor, you can use, for example:

- IKU1 - viscous liquid according to TU 2415-005 12749890;

- Acetophenone - a clear liquid (TU 6-01-406-90);

- Methyl ethylkenone - a clear liquid according to TU 38-10243-80;

- Corrosion inhibitor - bactericide Head-1007, a homogeneous liquid, is produced according to TU 2458-015-12966038-2001.

As bactericides can be used, for example:

- Soncid 8102, 8103 in accordance with TU 2458-012-00151816-99 (liquid).

- SNHP-1004 (TU 2458-011-12966038-2001).

With such a containerized delivery, the substances act directly on the treated formation, the bottomhole formation zone, without affecting the well. Under the influence of high pressure, the reaction products fall deep into the reservoir, which enhances the effect of exposure. In the perforation interval, it is possible to localize both the gas-dynamic effect and the additional effect due to the use of two scatterers and filling them with a highly viscous inert substance, for example glycerin or a viscoelastic composition based on polyacrylamide or hypane, which first comes out of the holes when the charge ignites and creates an increased pressure inside the container diffuser, thereby creating a closed volume in the well opposite the treated formation, i.e. creating the effect of installing the packer in the well in the interval of the treated formation. This allows you to enhance the effectiveness of gas-dynamic effects on the reservoir and the additional method, because the pressure of the powder gases will be more locally directed to the interval of the treated formation and the reaction products between the substances together with the powder gases will enter the formation.

After the exposure, technological exposure is sufficient to allow the substances to react, and an implosive effect is performed on the formation in order to clean the formation of reaction products and reduce the risk of contamination of the well pump.

In order to prolong the effect of the impact for a longer period, so that the created cracks in the formation do not close, the container is filled with quartz sand to fill the formed cracks with permeable material.

Depending on the geological and technical conditions, it is possible to carry out a series of operations to influence the formation. Several sequential operations of descent and burning of the charge sections are performed, while different methods of exposure are produced with different burning of the charge sections. For example, during the first burning of the charge sections with high-pressure foam, the cracks created during gas-dynamic treatment are additionally broken, during the second burning, the PPP is cleaned from paraffin deposits or paraffin deposits, during the third burning, the cracks are filled with quartz sand so that the cracks that do not close, and t .d.

When using the eight-petal configuration shape of the central channel of the charge sections, the use of a rod with a round outer surface is most suitable. But this can cause the rotation of the charge sections relative to the axis of the rod. The use of a rod with an external surface in the form of a hexagon, and the configuration of the central channel of the charge sections in the form of a six-petal shape significantly reduces the possibility of rotation of the charge sections relative to the axis of the rod.

In case of gas-dynamic impact and with additional impact, it is important to control the burning of the charge sections and determine the impact efficiency directly at the well in order to adjust subsequent down-charges, increase the power of the gas-dynamic impact by changing the mass of charges (the number of charge sections), determining the need for additional impacts. To do this, control the burning of the charge sections in real time and record the characteristics of the charge operation mode, such as temperature and pressure in the well fluid in the exposure interval. In addition, they perform registration of the acceleration of the displacement of the charge of the charge and the electronic unit in the direction of the axis of the well under the action of a compression wave generated by the gas that entered the borehole fluid during the combustion of the charge sections, and the gas velocity entering the reservoir is judged by the acceleration values as the difference between the gas passage created during the combustion of the charge sections, and the gas inlet that has fallen into the borehole fluid. When comparing the parameters of temperature, pressure and acceleration of the displacement of the snap of the charge and the electronic unit in the direction of the axis of the well, the effectiveness of the impact on the formation is judged. In addition, when registering parameters during repeated impacts on the formation by changing the parameters of temperature, pressure and acceleration during the first impact and upon repeated impacts, the change in permeability in the interwell space of the formation and the need for subsequent effects on the formation are judged.

The charge includes charge sections (1) made of compositions that provide combustion in aqueous, oil-water and acidic environments, for example from ballistic solid rocket fuel. The charge sections 1 have a central channel, the configuration of which takes the form of a developed combustion surface (2) to provide a given burning time and pressure for hydraulic fracturing. The equipment includes parts for collecting charge sections and parts for tightening sections close to each other. To collect sections of charge using a composite rod 3 (composed of several elements). Using a composite rod allows you to collect a charge from a different number of sections and simplify the delivery of the rod to the well. The bar is passed through the central channel of each charge section. Between the charge sections, centering rings are installed that are larger in diameter than the diameter of the charge sections, preventing the charge sections from moving relative to each other, and in the case of a bend of the rod in an inclined well, touch the walls of the casing. Rings are made in such a way that the dynamics of charge burning does not change. From both ends, centralizers are attached to the bar, on which the charge sections are assembled, to tighten and tighten the charge sections close to each other. Below the charge sections is a diffuser with feedthroughs for the removal of the gas stream generated by the combustion of the charge.

The central channel of the charge sections and the internal cavity of the diffuser are a container for delivering, in the processing interval, the substance in solid, or in liquid, or in gel form. Those. the container is inside the charge, and the walls of the container are the central channel of the charge sections and the diffuser body. To ensure the tightness of the container, the joints of all the elements of the container are hermetically sealed. Centering rings seal the joints of the charge sections, the diffuser holes are sealed from the external environment by a casing or plugs, which are knocked out by the gas formed during the combustion of the charge. Sealed gaskets are installed between the diffuser and the charge sections. The gaskets and centering rings are designed to compensate for the linear expansion of the charge at high temperatures in the processing interval.

The container is divided into airtight compartments for delivery of several substances to the processing interval. If it is necessary to deliver two substances to the processing interval, then two pressurized compartments are necessary, if three substances - three compartments, etc. In this case, the compartments are sealed so that when the charge is lowered into the well, the substances are in sealed compartments, and when the charge sections are burning under the influence of powder gases, the compartments are depressurized, and the substances react with each other. You can divide the container into compartments if you seal the ends of the charge sections with plugs, in which case each charge section will be a sealed compartment, regardless of how many substances you need to deliver to the processing interval. The container can be divided into compartments if the diffuser is hermetically separated from the charge sections. In addition, each of the substances can be placed in a container in a sealed package, which, when the charge is burning, will ensure the mixing of substances. In addition, one substance can be placed in an airtight container, and the other substance can be placed in a container in an airtight package.

The diameter of the charge sections, the configuration of the central channel of the charge sections and the internal volume of the diffuser are designed to ensure the delivery of the required volume of substance to the formation processing interval. If the container volume is insufficient, then an additional diffuser is installed above the charge sections. It is possible to increase the volume of the container if the diffusers are designed so that an additional cylindrical part without passage holes is added, with an internal volume necessary to deliver a given amount of substance, and the cylindrical part without passage holes is located on the side of the charge sections.

In order for the charge sections not to move relative to each other and to the axis of the rod, the outer surface of the rod is made in the form of a hexagon, and the configuration of the central channel of the charge sections is made in the form of a six-petal shape. This can be seen in the drawing.

The device includes an electronic unit for monitoring and recording the characteristics of the charge operation mode with a coupling locator, temperature, pressure sensors and an accelerometer for accelerating the displacement of the snap-in and the electronic unit in the direction of the well axis. The electronic unit is located below the charge sections at a safe distance so that hot powder gases and pressure impulses do not destroy it. To do this, extend the composite rod below the charge sections - add another element of the composite rod. The upper end of the rod is connected to the logging cable, and the lower end of the rod is connected to the electronic unit for monitoring and recording the characteristics of the charge operation mode. The rod is made with a hollow channel passing inside the rod along its central axis. The ignition unit power wire and a heat-resistant conductor connecting the wireline cable to the electronic unit are passed through the hollow channel of the rod. The hollow channel of the rod is filled with liquid. When the charge is burning, the rod heats up, but the liquid takes on part of the thermal energy, which allows to maintain the integrity of the rod.

The device operates as follows. The device is lowered into the well. Using a locator, the couplings are installed in the perforation interval. At the operator’s command, the device is launched from the ground control unit by supplying electric current through a geophysical cable and through a power cable to the ignition unit spiral located at the end of the charge section, and through a heat-resistant wire to the electronic unit. When the heating temperature of the spiral exceeds the flash point of the charge, the charge ignites. Combustion occurs on the entire surface of the charge - on the outer, end and inner. When the charge is burning, a large amount of hot gases is formed, which through the diffuser enter the casing and through the perforations in the formation. With an increase in pressure 1.5-1.8 times higher than the mountain pressure (depending on the characteristics of the formation), the formation ruptures with formation of fracturing in the bottomhole zone of the formation, overflow of the well fluid and hot gases into the formed cracks. Hot powder gases violate the tightness of the compartments, the substances in the compartments mix, react with each other. Under the influence of a pressure pulse with hot gases, the reaction products enter the borehole fluid, into the cracks and pores of the treated formation and have an additional effect on the formation. According to the electronic unit, the combustion of the charge sections and the additional action are controlled, the need for repeated gas-dynamic and additional actions in the well is determined.

After completion of the work, the metal tooling rises from the well and is reused.

In contrast to the known method, it is possible to expand the scope of gas-hydraulic action, localize it, and apply it to formations of both high power and low power. In addition, at the same time carry out an additional impact. Moreover, the effectiveness of the effects is not summarized, but increases several times. The problem of the transition from one-sided technology to integrated technology is being solved.

To date, a sufficient number of chemicals (reagents) have been developed that could solve the tasks facing the oil industry to increase oil recovery, but some of the substances cannot be used, since they react with each other when mixed on the surface. The main advantage of the proposed method is that the problem of delivering reagents to the interval of the treated formation, mixing them there, heating, saturation with hot gas, reacting with each other and forcing into the cracks of the treated formation created by the gas dynamic effect is solved.

The source of information

1. Rifle-blasting equipment: Reference book / L.Ya. Fridlyander, V.A. Afanasyev, L.S. Vorobyev, etc. / Ed. L. I Friedlyander, - 2nd ed. Re-worker. and add. - M .: Nedra, 1990, Section 4.1. Powder Pressure Generators, pp. 109-112.

2. Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2187633. The method of gas-hydraulic action on the reservoir, priority from 08.28.2001, authors Paderin MG, Efanov NM, Paderina NG

3. Patent for invention No. 2178072 "Sectional open-cell charge for gas-hydraulic stimulation of a formation", dated October 23, 2000

Claims (20)

1. A method of gas-dynamic impact on the formation, including perforation at all intervals of the treated formation, assembly of a sectional charge by passing a composite rod through a central channel with a developed surface of each charge section, tightening and preloading the charge sections close to each other, location below the collected charge sections the diffuser of the outlet of the gas stream generated during the combustion of the charge sections, with through holes, the installation of the charge in the perforation interval, the burning of the charge sections a, accompanied by an increase in temperature, the formation of hot powder gases and the creation of a pressure pulse, characterized in that simultaneously with the gas-dynamic effect on the formation, an additional chemical or thermal effect on this formation is carried out, for which, during the perforation interval in the sealed compartments of the sealed container with an internal cavity representing a central channel of the charge sections and the internal cavity of the diffuser for exhaust gas flow, deliver several substances with the possibility of mixing them between each other with hot powder gases and reacting when burning sections of charge, depressurization of the container and its compartments, while ensuring the reaction products enter the well fluid and fractures of the formation with powder gases under the action of a pressure pulse. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional diffuser is installed above the charge sections to increase the internal volume of the container and reduce the load on the rod, while the diffuser is configured to add a cylindrical part without passage holes, with an internal volume necessary for delivery of a given amount of substances, and the cylindrical part without passage holes is located on the side of the charge sections. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the development and deepening of the cracks in the reservoir created by gas dynamic effects, one compartment of the container is filled with a foaming agent, the second compartment of the container is an activator of foaming, the third compartment of the container is a foam stabilizer. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that to remove asphaltene-tar-paraffin formations, paraffin deposits in the bottomhole formation zone and downhole equipment and reduce oil viscosity, the container compartments are filled with substances that generate heat when mixed, while the chemical composition of the charge sections, the configuration of the central the channel of the charge and substance sections is selected in such a way that the time of burning of the charge, the time of passage of the reaction between the substances, as well as the thermal energy of burning of the charges and reaction of the substances ensure The thermal effect is sufficient to destroy and / or melt the asphaltene-tar-paraffin formations and paraffins. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the removal of asphaltene-tar-paraffin deposits in the bottomhole formation zone and downhole equipment, samples are analyzed according to the group composition at a specific site of the field and substances are selected for dissolving specific deposits and preventing their formation — hydrocarbon solvents with paraffinic and aromatic hydrocarbons, a mixture of polar non-electrolytes, surfactants, alkali regulator, inhibitors, while the chemical composition of the charge sections, conf guration central channel charge sections are selected so that the charge and the combustion heat energy created during the combustion of the charge, provided for thermal effects melted asfaltenosmoloparafinovyh formations. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the removal of paraffins in the bottomhole formation zone and downhole equipment, samples are analyzed according to the group composition at a particular site of the field and the selection of substances for dissolving specific deposits of paraffins - solvents and dispersants and the selection of substances that reduce crystallization paraffins - modifiers of paraffin crystals, reagents for improving cold flow and lowering temperature, while the chemical composition of the charge sections, configuration The central channel of the charge sections is selected so that the burning time of the charge and the thermal energy created by the burning of the charge provide a thermal effect for the melting of paraffins. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to reduce water inflow and increase the flow rate of the hydrocarbon component of producing wells, selective treatment of the bottomhole formation zone is carried out, for which hydrophobic substances and a solvent are used. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order to reduce water inflow and increase the injectivity of injection wells, selective treatment of the bottomhole formation zone is carried out, for which hydrophilic substances and a solvent are used. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for the removal of scaling in the bottomhole formation zone and downhole equipment, samples are analyzed according to the group composition at a specific site of the field and the selection of substances for dissolving specific deposits - scale inhibitors, bactericides, corrosion inhibitors, acids. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they reduce the viscosity of the oil, for which they use substances in the form of inhibitors, solvents, surfactants, dispersants, bactericides, demulsifiers, while the chemical composition of the charge sections, the configuration of the central channel of the charge sections is selected so that the burning time of the charge and the thermal energy created by the burning of the charge provide a thermal effect for the melting of paraffins, which increase the viscosity of the oil. 11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that substances are selected to increase the permeability of the formation — solvents, bactericides, corrosion inhibitors, surfactants, acids. 12. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that prior to the impact, the zone in the interval of the treated formation is separated in the well from the entire wellbore fluid, creating a packer, for this the central channel of the charge sections is filled with substances to act on the formation, and the internal cavities the scatterers are filled with a highly viscous inert substance, which, when a charge ignites and creates an increased pressure inside the container, first leaves the diffuser openings, thereby creating a closed volume in the well opposite to the processing th layer. 13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the impact on the formation produce an implosive effect to clean the formation of reaction products of the impact on the formation. 14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after the combustion of the charge sections, a second combustion is carried out, for which the container is filled with a substance for cleaning cracks, a third combustion is carried out, for which the container is filled with quartz sand so that the resulting cracks do not close. 15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation of the charge sections relative to the axis of the composite rod is eliminated, for which the outer surface of this rod is made in the form of a hexagon, and the central channel of the charge sections in the form of a six-petal shape. 16. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion sections of the charge are monitored in real time and the characteristics of the charge operating mode are recorded, such as temperature and pressure in the well fluid during the exposure interval, registration of the acceleration of the displacement of the tool and the electronic unit along the axis wells under the action of a compression wave formed by the gas that entered the borehole fluid during the combustion of the charge sections, and by the acceleration values, the gas intake entering the reservoir is judged as the difference between the gas input was created about the combustion of the charge sections and the gas input that has entered the borehole fluid, and when comparing the temperature, pressure and acceleration of the displacement of the tool and the electronic unit in the direction of the axis of the well, the effectiveness of the gas-dynamic and additional stimulation of the formation is judged, in addition, with repeated exposure to the formation and recording parameters by changing the parameters of temperature, pressure and acceleration during the first exposure and during repeated exposure judge the change in permeability in the interwell space of the reservoir and that the need for follow-up actions on the formation. 17. A device for gas-dynamic stimulation of a formation, including sections of a single charge, made of compositions providing combustion in an aqueous, oil-water and acidic medium with a central channel, the configuration of which is shaped with a developed combustion surface to provide a predetermined combustion time and pressure for hydraulic fracturing, and equipment, including a composite rod passed through the central channel of each charge section, a diffuser for exhausting the gas stream with through holes, located on of the assembled charge sections, centering rings between the charge sections, larger than the diameter of the charge sections in diameter, parts for tightening the charge sections close to each other, details for ensuring safe combustion and charge centering in the well, characterized in that the central channel of the charge sections and the internal cavity the diffusers are a container for delivering several substances to the processing interval, and to ensure the tightness of the container, the joints of all container elements are sealed, The alignment rings are made in such a way that, when assembling the device, they allow sealing the joints of the charge sections, the diffuser openings are sealed from the external environment with a casing or plugs, which ensures leakage of the diffuser when the charge sections burn, in addition, there are sealed gaskets between the diffuser and the charge sections, and the container divided into airtight compartments for delivery of several substances to the processing interval, while the compartments are designed so that when burning sections of the charge provide ene their depressurization and mixing of substances between a hot powder gases, and the diameter of the charging sections, the configuration of the central channel of the charge section and the inner volume of the diffuser are designed so as to deliver a formation treatment interval required volume of substance. 18. The device according to 17, characterized in that an additional diffuser is installed above the charge sections to increase the internal volume of the container and reduce the load on the rod, while the diffusers are made so that a cylindrical part without passage holes with an internal volume necessary for delivery is additionally added a given amount of substance, and the cylindrical part without passage holes is located on the side of the charge sections. 19. The device according to 17, characterized in that the outer surface of the composite rod is made in the form of a hexagon, and the central channel of the charge sections has a six-petal shape. 20. The device according to 17, characterized in that the composite rod is made with a hollow channel along its central axis, the upper end of this rod is connected to the wireline cable, and the lower end of the rod is connected to the electronic unit for monitoring and recording the characteristics of the charge mode, hollow ignition unit power wire and heat-resistant conductor connecting the wireline cable to the electronic unit to enable the sensors of the coupling locator, temperature, pressure and the accelerometer to accelerate the displacement of the snap and electronic Lok toward the wellbore axis, wherein the hollow rod channel is filled with the liquid component.