RU2299859C1 - Device for activation of the liquids - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemical industry; food industry; medicine; production of devices for activation of liquids.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the devices for activation of liquids, and may be used for production of the liquids with the preset properties, treatment of the potable water and the mineralized water, activation of the infusion and medical solutions, and also the blood. The device contains the container for the activated liquid and the electrodes, one of which is made hollow. The hollow electrode is located inside the container for the liquid subjected to the activation and inside it there are the other electrodes arranged - one or more. At that the hollow electrode is fulfilled either continuous with one or several holes or in the form of the net, or is made out of the semi-permeable substance. The device in addition is supplied with the thin wall installed on the outside the hollow electrode. The technical result of the invention is simplification of the design, the improved electrical safety and efficiency of treatment of the liquids (the increased efficiency of the device) and the extension of the device operational and functional capabilities.

EFFECT: the invention ensures simplification of the device design, the improved its electrical safety and efficiency of the liquids treatment, the extended its operational and functional capabilities.

2 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to devices for activating liquids, in particular to applied electrochemistry (electrolyzers for the treatment of aqueous solutions). It can be used to produce liquids with desired properties, transfer them to a thermodynamically nonequilibrium (activated) state, characterized by increased physicochemical activity, treat drinking and mineralized water, control biochemical reactions, grow crystals, activate infusion, therapeutic solutions, and blood.

Known devices for contact activation of liquids (KAH) [1], containing the anode and cathode placed in the activated fluid with separation and without separation between a semipermeable diaphragm. These devices make it possible to obtain liquids with a given composition and properties (in particular, redox potential (ORP), microcluster structure), but they have drawbacks in that, during the activation process, there is a significant change in the chemical composition of the QOL, insufficient electrical safety when working with activated liquids during the activation process (the elements of the device accessible to the user are under voltage exceeding the rated electrical safety standard 42 V), low efficiency (Efficiency) of liquid handling, as well as the limited operational capabilities of the device. In addition, with large volumes of the processed fluid, the complexity of the device increases due to the growth of the volume and dimensions of the device for the activated fluid.

Closest to the proposed invention is a device for electroactivation of a liquid [2] - a prototype. The device contains a container for an activated fluid and two electrodes, one of which (the cathode) is hollow and at the same time is a container for an activated fluid. A second electrode (anode) is placed inside the hollow electrode for contact activation of the liquid.

The disadvantages of this device are the design complexity - the need for special electrical and mechanical protection systems to ensure electrical safety when working with the device at high voltages and accelerated activation (more than 42 V), low installation efficiency, the formation of stagnant zones in liquids, limited operational and functional capabilities of the device.

The present invention is aimed at simplifying the design, increasing electrical safety, processing efficiency of the liquid (increasing the efficiency of the installation) and expanding the operational and functional capabilities of the device.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in a device for activating a liquid containing a container for an activated liquid and electrodes, one of which is hollow, according to the invention, a hollow electrode is located inside the container for the activated liquid, and one or more other electrodes are located inside it. In this case, the hollow electrode is made either continuous with one or more holes, either in the form of a grid, or from a semipermeable material. In addition, the device may be further provided with a thin wall mounted outside the hollow electrode.

The location of the hollow electrode with the other electrodes placed inside it inside the container for the activated fluid and the hollow electrode being continuous with one or more holes, or in the form of a grid, allows to increase the electrical safety of the device (like a Faraday cage), and also significantly expand the operational and functional capabilities of the device (to ensure a reduction in energy consumption, activation time, as well as additional processing of large volumes of liquid located outside the hollow electrode, since have no special redesign the device to increase its volume and dimensions).

The implementation of a hollow electrode from a semipermeable material allows one to obtain an activated liquid outside the electrode with a given composition and properties (pH, ORP, microcluster structure), without changing its chemical composition (enriching with oxygen, hydrogen, and other chemical elements), using inexpensive wear electrodes non-polluting liquid outside.

The installation of a thin wall outside the hollow electrode to form a container with a contactlessly activated liquid (BAJ) provides an increase in the volume of this liquid and the use of inexpensive wear electrodes that do not pollute the BAJ.

A device for activating a liquid is illustrated by drawings: FIG. 1 is a general view of a device, FIG. 2 is a general view of a device containing an additional thin-walled container for non-contact activation of a liquid, FIG. 3 is a general view of a device with a thin wall mounted outside a hollow electrode.

The device (Fig. 1) contains a container 1 for an activated liquid 2 and a hollow electrode 3 located inside the container 1. Inside the hollow electrode 3, one (or two), or two (for example, 1) electrodes can be located 4 connected to a power supply (not shown). The electrode 3 is made either continuous with one or more holes, either in the form of a mesh, or from a semipermeable material. The capacity 1 can be made flowing or batch type, non-conductive or conductive, both in contact and not in contact with the hollow electrode.

The device can be additionally equipped with a tank made with a thin wall 5 for BAJ 6 (figure 2), placed in the tank 1 outside or inside the hollow electrode. The capacity for the BAJ 6 can serve as the space outside the hollow electrode, separated from it by a thin wall 5 (figure 3).

The surface elements of one or more electrodes, including the hollow electrode, can be made with elements of small (less than 0.3 mm) radius of curvature, in particular from a thin wire with a diameter of less than 0.6 mm or from a porous material. Some of the electrodes can be separated from others by a semi-permeable material. In this case, diaphragms, membranes, including ion-selective, polymer, synthetic, conductive and non-conductive, charged, can be used as a semipermeable material. The hollow electrode may be continuous with one or more holes or in the form of a grid. The dimensions of the holes and mesh cells are calculated on the basis of electrical safety requirements (less than the wavelength generated by the power supply, and the size of the probe used to check compliance with electrical safety requirements). The hollow electrode can also be made of semipermeable materials, for example, in the form of conductive diaphragms, membranes, including ion-selective, polymer, synthetic, charged ones.

One or more of the electrodes may be configured to heat an activated fluid, or the device may be further provided with an element for controlling the temperature of the activated fluid (not shown).

A device for activating a liquid works as follows.

The activation fluid is poured into the container 1 (figure 1). When connecting the electrodes 3 and 4 to the power supply unit, the contact activation of the liquids 2 in the corresponding capacitance takes place, and through the thin wall 5, the contactless activation of the liquids 6 occurs (Figs. 2, 3). The activation of liquids (their transition to a nonequilibrium thermodynamic state with increased internal potential energy) and their anomalous properties (contact and non-contact activation) is explained by the appearance of stable high-energy resonance systems from oscillating water dipoles, OH ^- (two or more) near the anode and cathode [3] . In statics, such systems from dipoles are unstable (collapse effect), but in dynamics, at resonance, the effect of dynamic stabilization of unstable states is manifested. The alternating electromagnetic field from two synchronously oscillating dipoles (SOD) has a narrow frequency spectrum (resonance effect) and decreases inversely with r ⁴ , where r is the thickness of the thin wall. The maximum of the spectrum most likely falls on the microwave range, because for OH ^{- the} characteristic frequencies of rotational transitions are near 2 GHz (wavelength λ ₀ = 18 cm). Therefore, contactless activation most intensively occurs through thin walls, at close distances from SOD, and substantially depends on the spectral properties of the baffle material. The enhancement of non-contact activation of the liquid in cylindrical metal containers can be explained by the enhancement of the effective microwave field due to reflection from conductive surfaces (microwave resonator effect). It is expected to increase with the size of non-contact activation of capacities proportional to λ _0/4.

When some of the electrodes are separated from others by semipermeable materials and / or the hollow electrode 3 (Figs. 1, 2) is made of a semipermeable material, depending on the materials, liquids with various properties and composition are formed near the corresponding electrodes (anolyte near the anodes, catholyte near the cathodes ) When liquids are heated by using the ohmic resistance of the electrodes, or by choosing their operating modes during electrolysis (part of the energy goes to heat, part to activate), or an element (not shown) is introduced into the device to control the temperature, intensive mixing and intensification of the activation of liquids takes place. When the temperature is lowered by using an additional element to control the temperature, the BAJ transitions to a solid state with the formation of a new class of substances (for example, ice, sugar, salt with antioxidant properties).

The possibilities of activating the liquid using the proposed device and achieving a technical result in the implementation of the invention, in comparison with the performance of the prototype device, are confirmed by an example. By analogy with the prototype device, the results were obtained on the installation with one electrode 4 inside the hollow electrode 3 (figure 2), and the measurement of the ORP was carried out with a platinum electrode relative to the silver chloride electrode at room temperature.

Example.

The prototype device and the proposed device were filled with drinking water with a volume of 3 l, and voltage was supplied to the electrodes from the power supply. In the proposed device, the hollow electrode is made continuous with several holes, or in the form of a mesh of wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm. In the activation mode, measurements were made of the voltage at the electrodes relative to the elements of devices accessible to the user, as well as the ORP of contact (KAZh) and non-contact (BAJ) of the activated liquids. In this case, the maximum potential difference inside the prototype device was 60 V, inside the proposed device 0 V. Measurement data for the ORP are shown in the table. With comparable activation parameters (times, ΔOVP), the energy consumption for activating the liquid for the proposed device is four (p. 2 tables), ten (p. 3 tables) times less than the same energy costs in the prototype device (table 1).

Table
Change in the ORP (ΔOVP) of liquids under various activation modes over time P / p Activation ΔOVP, mV Power, W 10 min 30 minutes 60 min one Every -300 -600 -650 25 BAJ -twenty -140 -200 2 Every -390 -710 -750 6 BAJ -twenty -140 -200 3 Every -358 -760 -770 2,5 BAJ -22 -148 -228

1. The prototype.

2. The hollow electrode is made of solid material with holes.

3. The hollow electrode is made in the form of a grid of wire with a diameter of 0.5 mm.

Additionally, in the compared devices, activation was carried out using a device (not shown) to control the temperature (cooling). Distilled water with an initial ORP of 300 mV in a 40 ml thin-walled dielectric vessel was placed in an ethylene glycol-based active medium, freezing at a temperature of -30 ° С. After that, the entire system was cooled to a temperature of -5 ° C and the activation process continued until the sample of contactlessly activated distilled water completely froze. The ORP of distilled water after thawing activated ice was 80 mV at room temperature. The freezing of a sample of contactlessly activated distilled water in the prototype device under similar conditions did not occur due to heating of KAZH and BAJ due to high energy consumption (table 1) for activation compared to the proposed device (table 3).

Thus, the use of the proposed device and its modifications allows to increase electrical safety, the efficiency of activation of liquids with minimizing energy consumption and to obtain a new class of substances with a changed structure and properties.

Information sources

1. Bahir V.M. Electrochemical activation. - M.: VNIIIMT, 1992, part 1, 401 s.

2. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2236378, C02F 1/46, C02F 103: 04, 11/22/2002

3. Shironosov V.G. Resonance in physics, chemistry and biology. Izhevsk: Publishing House "Udmurt University", 2000/01, 92 pp. http://ikar.udm.ru/sb22.htm.

Claims (2)

1. A device for activating a liquid containing a container for an activated liquid and electrodes, one of which is hollow, characterized in that the hollow electrode is located inside the container for the activated liquid, and other electrodes are placed inside it - one or more, while the hollow electrode is made either continuous with one or more holes, either in the form of a mesh, or from a semi-permeable material. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is further provided with a thin wall mounted outside the hollow electrode.

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