RU2298760C1 - Method for anti-missile protection of flight vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: military equipment.

SUBSTANCE: the method consists in the fact that the warhead of the attacking missile is destructed at a safe distance of 3 to 25 m from the body of the protected flight vehicle by an induction action on the electric circuits of the proximity fuse of the attacking missile warhead by means of a pulsating electromagnetic field generated continuously or in the form of pulse bursts with a repetition period of 0.5 to 1.5 ms and carrier frequency within 5 to 100 kHz at an electric power consumed by the resonate circuit of the radiator from the flight vehicle power mains within 5 to 25 kW.

EFFECT: simplified and effective method of anti-missile protection of the flight vehicle from attacking surface-to-air missiles, type "IGLA".

1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to methods for protecting aircraft (LA) from the damaging effects of guided missiles of various classes equipped with electromagnetic fuses, and can be used to protect helicopters and aircraft from certain types of missiles of mobile anti-aircraft missile systems (MANPADS).

From the experience of military operations of the last century, a method is known for passively protecting an aircraft from the damaging effect of unguided anti-aircraft missiles, including operations for maneuvering an aircraft to leave the firing zone.

The disadvantages of this method of aircraft protection should include the dependence of its effectiveness on the values of permissible overloads in relation to the design of the aircraft, as well as on the level of training of the flight crew.

There is also a method of remote protection of an aircraft from the damaging effects of enemy missiles by detonating them at a safe distance, for example, with radio-controlled live projectiles from aircraft (see RF patent No. 2233421, IPC 7 F42B 15/00, BIPM No. 21, 2004).

The disadvantage of this method is the relatively high complexity of the systems for timely search, target recognition and guidance of anti-ballistic missiles on the target, as well as the time limits for performing these operations.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a method of missile defense of an aircraft by detonating the warhead of an attacking rocket at a safe distance from the aircraft (see "Space weapons: a security dilemma", ed. By E.P. Velikhov, Moscow, ed. Mir, 1986 , p.62 - prototype).

In the known method, electromagnetic radiation from powerful millimeter-wave generators is directed to enemy missiles to destabilize the operation of power and control circuits. This disrupts the functioning of missile guidance systems and the possibility of hitting a target.

The disadvantage of this method is the difficulty of obtaining electromagnetic radiation in the megahertz range with a power flux density on the target of up to 0.1-1.0 W / cm ² and sometimes higher, which is necessary to create destabilizing pulse pick-ups with an amplitude of 1-100 V.

The problem to be solved is the creation of a simpler and more effective method of anti-ballistic missile defense from attacking missiles equipped with a special type of electromagnetic fuse, in particular from ground-to-air missiles of the Igla type MANPADS.

This problem is solved by the fact that in the method of missile defense of an aircraft by detonating the warhead of an attacking rocket at a safe distance, the warhead of an attacking rocket is forcedly detonated at a distance of 3-25 m from the body of the protected aircraft by induction on the electrical circuits of a non-contact fuse of the warhead by means of a pulse electromagnetic field generated continuously or in the form of bursts of pulses with a repetition period of 0.5-1.5 ms and a carrier frequency of 5-100 kHz at otreblyaemoy resonant electric power transmitter circuit from an onboard network of 5-25 kW.

This embodiment of the method allows comparatively simple means to provide effective anti-missile defense of an aircraft from ground-to-air missiles of the Igla type by remotely affecting the electromagnetic circuit of a missile fuse in the area of its approach to the protected object. At the same time, in the inductive coil of the electromagnetic fuse located outside the shielding shell of the attacking missile and connected to the active element in the form of an incandescent filament, the induction EMF and current sufficient to undermine the combat charge of the enemy missile at a specified distance from the protected aircraft are excited in the detonator of the fuse.

Undermining the combat charge of an attacking missile at a distance of less than 3 m from the protected aircraft does not provide reliable protection against rocket fragments. An increase in the indicated distance to 25 m significantly reduces the likelihood of damage to the aircraft.

The creation of a pulsed electromagnetic field (EMF) outside the hull of the protected aircraft at a specified distance with a carrier frequency of less than 5 kHz unacceptably reduces the induction emf in the coil of the warhead undermining system, and the use of a carrier frequency of more than 100 kHz is impractical for reasons of increasing the necessary emitter power and complicating the protection system LA In addition, there is a problem of electromagnetic compatibility of radiation with on-board electronic devices that ensure the functioning of the aircraft.

The optimal range of the amplitude of the output voltage on the coil of the resonant circuit of the EMF emitter in the specified frequency range, found from experience in the implementation of this method, is several tens of volts.

The generation of a pulsed EMF is possible in continuous mode or modulated in the form of bursts of pulses with an optimal repetition period of 0.5-1.5 ms, and a period of less than 0.5 ms makes no sense at low frequencies of generation of radiation pulses, and above 1.5 ms is not practical the reason for the increase in the time of uncontrolled rapprochement of the rocket with the aircraft.

When the power consumed by the resonant circuit of the emitter of a pulsed electromagnetic field from the aircraft’s onboard network is less than 5 kW, the induction effect on the electrical circuits of a non-contact fuse of an attacking rocket of this type is insufficient to initiate a fuse at a specified distance from the aircraft. Exceeding the power consumed by the EMF emitter of 25 kW can lead to disruption of the operation of individual aircraft systems, for example, in case of power shortage.

The proposed method of anti-ballistic missile defense is implemented as follows. A pulsed EMF emitter is installed on board a helicopter or aircraft, including a sinusoidal oscillator of the indicated frequency and a power amplifier loaded on a resonant circuit, the inductive coil of which is placed outside the aircraft shielding enclosure.

The parameters of the generator, amplifier, and the resonant circuit of the EMF emitter are selected from the conditions for creating a pulsed EMF with a carrier frequency of 5-100 kHz in the continuous mode or in the form of bursts of pulses with a repetition period of 0.5-1, outside the enclosure of the protected aircraft at a distance of 3-25 m 5 ms

When approaching an aircraft to the zone of location of a likely enemy equipped with weapons of the Igla MANPADS, on board the protected aircraft they include power to the EMF emitter, which provides active field protection from these missiles. In the case of the release of such a missile in the direction of the aircraft on the approachable portion of the trajectory at a distance of 3-25 m, the head of the enemy’s missile is in the area of the protective EMF of the anti-ballistic system of the aircraft.

An induction emf in the range of 0.5-3.5 V is generated in the Igla rocket fuse coil located in the rocket body, which is sufficient to initiate a non-contact fuse and undermine the rocket’s warhead by heating the incandescent filament in the detonator. Remote undermining of the missile’s combat charge at the indicated distances from the aircraft’s hull in most cases provides effective protection for the aircraft and the crew performing the combat mission.

An example of a specific implementation of the method

A missile defense system based on an EMF emitter with a resonant circuit generating a pulsed electromagnetic field with a carrier frequency of 45-60 kHz is installed on board the helicopter. In advance or when approaching the likely enemy’s area on board the protected object, they include power to the EMF emitter blocks providing active field protection against missiles MANPADS "Igla". When the emitter is turned on, a broadly directed modulated electromagnetic field is generated in the form of bursts of sinusoidal pulses with an optimal repetition period of about 1 ms for solving the problem. The warhead of a rocket fired towards the target and approaching it, for example, at a distance of 3-8 m, is in the protective EMF zone of the anti-aircraft missile system. An induction emf in the range of 0.5-3.5 V is generated in the Igla missile fuse coil located in the missile’s body, which is enough to initiate a non-contact fuse and remotely detonate the Igla MANPADS missile charge.

The following parameters of the generator, amplifier, and resonant circuit of the EMF emitter allow creating a protective EMF outside the enclosure of the protected aircraft at a distance of 3-8 m with characteristics sufficient for induction on the electrical circuits of a non-contact fuse and undermining the warhead of the Igla MANPADS missile.

The proposed method can be implemented in a device schematically depicted in the drawing.

The device of the anti-missile system of the aircraft contains serially connected blocks of the master oscillator 1 of a sinusoidal oscillation, a modulator 2 for forming bursts of pulses and a power amplifier 3 loaded with at least one radiating resonant circuit with a coil 4. In this case, the coil 4 of the resonant circuit of the emitter EMF is located outside hull 5 aircraft.

The head of the rocket 6 MANPADS "Igla" is equipped with an unshielded coil 7, designed to initiate the detonator 8 and undermine the warhead 9 when approaching the body of the attacked aircraft. The master oscillator 1 of the sinusoidal oscillations is tuned to operate in the tunable frequency range of 45-60 kHz with an output signal amplitude of about 20 V. An onboard power supply unit (not shown) and a pulsed EMF emitter with a power consumption of 5-7 kW provide the operation of a radiating resonant circuit with an inductive coil 4 with a diameter of 500 mm. In this case, the coil 4 of the radiating resonant circuit must be placed outside the shielding body of the aircraft.

The device operates as follows.

The master oscillator generates sinusoidal pulses at frequencies of 45-60 kHz, which are converted with the help of a modulator 2 into pulse trains with a repetition rate of 1 ms and then fed through a power amplifier 3 to the input of a radiating resonant circuit with a coil 4. A protective pulse EMF generated outside the 5-volt case provides induction EMF in the coil 7 of the electromagnetic fuse in the approach zone of rocket 6 and undermines the charge of the 9th rocket with the help of the detonator 8 at a specified distance of 3-8 m. For large values of the consumed radiation elem EMF pulse power said distance can reach 25 meters.

This embodiment of the active anti-ballistic missile defense method of an aircraft allows for fairly simple means to provide compulsory remote destruction of ground-to-air missiles of the Igla type by affecting the electromagnetic circuit of a missile fuse in the area of its approach to the protected object. Preliminary assessments of the effectiveness of the proposed method of protecting an aircraft show that undermining the combat charge of the Igla MANPADS missile at a distance of 10-15 m from the body of the protected aircraft reduces the probability of its destruction to values of the order of 0.1-0.05.

The necessary theoretical calculations and experiments on the excitation of electromagnetic fields in the mentioned frequency range and the selected parameters of the resonant circuit (frequency, dimensions, directivity, voltage amplitude) were carried out at ITES JIHT RAS. In an experimental setup for implementing the proposed method, the inductive coil of the resonant circuit of the emitter was placed at a distance of 1.5 m from the coil of a simulator of a non-contact fuse, initiating the detonation of a small amount of explosive of a known type. In this installation, a radiator with a consumed electric power of 200-500 watts was used.

The calculations show that to increase the protective EMF zone with the indicated parameters from 3 to 25 m, the power consumption of the emitter and the required power of the on-board network for the protection period should be from 5 to 25 kW, which corresponds to the available power reserve of the aircraft.

As a result of the studies, comparatively high efficiency and simplicity of the proposed method of anti-ballistic missile defense of aircraft by remote exposure to the electromagnetic circuit of the fuse control systems for MANPADS missiles "Igla" were noted.

Claims (1)

A method of missile defense of an aircraft by detonating the warhead of an attacking rocket at a safe distance, characterized in that they carry out forced blasting of the warhead of the attacking rocket at a distance of 3-25 m from the body of the protected aircraft by induction on the electrical circuits of a non-contact fuse of the warhead of the attacking rocket by means of a pulse electromagnetic field generated continuously or in the form of bursts of pulses with a repetition period of 0.5-1.5 ms and a carrier frequency of 5-100 kHz and consumed by the resonant circuit of the emitter of electric power from the on-board network of the aircraft 5-25 kW.