RU2380646C2 - Method for protection of equipment objects at minefields and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: defense technology.

SUBSTANCE: according to method, minefield is radiated with pulse electromagnet field of antenna arranged in the form of electric conductive oblong cord laid on minefield, by passing of current, specified force and frequency through it for a certain period of time. Device for realisation of method comprises guide stand, base, anchor device, container with oblong cord, jet engine, brake cable, startup accessory, besides oblong cord is arranged as electroconductive. Device is equipped with driving oscillator of alternating current and conductor-counterweight. If oblong electroconductive cord is arranged with detonating charge, detonating charge is exploded in a required period of time at minefield, which provides additional shock-wave and seismic actions at proximity fuses of remaining mines that have been armed as a result of electromagnetic radiation, and the main impact at mines with mechanical fuses.

EFFECT: improved efficiency due to resources of mines equipped with proximity fuses.

2 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to military equipment, in particular to making passages in minefields, especially with mines equipped with proximity fuses.

State of the art

Known methods of protecting objects of technology when moving through minefields using various devices mounted on equipment, for example, tank mine trawls.

So, in [1], the main element of the electromagnetic prefix (EMT) is two electromagnets located on the left and right sections of the gauge trawls KMT-6, KMT-7, KMT-8, KMT-10. In addition, the EMT kit includes PKU-1 converter-switching device located inside the tank, a control panel, a junction box, a set of cables. EMT is supplied from the onboard power supply of the tank.

EMT works as follows.

When the power is on, the electromagnets create an alternating electromagnetic field in front of the tank, equivalent to the magnetic field of the tank, and this field even when the tank is stationary simulates its movement. Magnetic mine detonators react to this field and initiate a mine explosion before the tank approaches a mine at a dangerous distance for it. The response range of min is not closer than 1 m from EMT electromagnets. The width of the continuous sweeping strip is 4 m. The permissible sweeping speed is up to 15 km / h.

The mass of the EMT kit is 250 kg. Power consumption 500 watts. The explosion resistance from mines with magnetic detonators is absolute, from mines blasted by rink trailers or removed by knife trailers, similar to the explosion resistance of rink and knife trailers.

The main disadvantage of this method is the small width of the sweeping strip. To achieve a greater width of the passage in the minefield is possible by the method of clearance using an elongated charge.

So, in the method of demining using an elongated charge UR-83P [2], the demining installation consists of a guide rack, base, anchor device, a container with a detonating cable DKRP-4 120 m long, equipped with 1380 kg of plastic explosive grade PVV-4, reactive DM-70 engine, brake cable, knock transmission unit, VR-04 fuse, connecting cable, starting device.

The installation works as follows.

When an electric pulse is emitted from a blasting machine, the rocket’s powder charge ignites, and it flies out of the launch machine at an angle of 40-45 degrees to the horizon, pulling the clearance charge out of the container. After the brake cable, fixed at one end to the tail of the mine clearance charge, and the other to the anchor at the launching position, is stretched to its full length, it slows down the flight of the rocket and the charge with the rocket lies on the minefield. An electric cable is laid inside the brake cable, and the calculation of the installation delivers an electric pulse to the charge fuse, causing the explosion of the latter. There is an installation option in which a charge explosion occurs due to the operation of a mechanical fuse at the moment the charge contacts the ground. The direction of the charge is carried out by aiming the launch machine in the right direction, taking into account the strength and direction of the wind. The missile clearance charge range is up to 440 m and is controlled by the length of the brake cable. The length of the passage is 115 m, the maximum width is 6 m.

Anti-tank anti-bottom and anti-aircraft mines with magnetic, infrared and other non-contact target sensors by the installation of UR-83P are not destroyed.

In the same place in [2] it is stated: “... it is widespread among not so much our combined-arms officers as among the engineers’s officers that it is a misconception that elongated clearance charges cause detonation of mines and, allegedly, therefore, ensure that the area is completely cleared of mines and other explosive objects. The author's official experience clearly shows that the explosion of mines occurs as a result of the operation of their own fuses. When examining the terrain after applying extended charges, the remaining anti-tank mines with double-click fuses, for example, the ТМ-62 type with the MVD-62 fuse, and the OZM-72 type anti-personnel mines with dangling wires (part of these mines exploded) are found to be left intact. The mines operating zone of type TMK-2 with pin fuses is approximately 4-5 m. Fuses of the MVSh type, magnetic fuses of the MVN-72 type, do not fire. Fuses with seismic, infrared target sensors do not respond to an explosion, although close ones may be disabled. So the explosive method of mine clearance is by no means a panacea. This should be borne in mind, although the method itself is one of the most effective ... ".

Thus, the mine clearance method using elongated explosive charges, although it is one of the most effective, is only for mines equipped with mechanical (or contact) fuses. As for mines with electronic (non-contact) fuses, then its effectiveness in this case is significantly reduced (or even tends to zero).

A known method for the detection and neutralization of plastic anti-personnel mines [3] in minefields, selected as the closest analogue, by which an external exposure to an initiating explosive based on lead azide in a detonator capsule detonator of a mine fuse is performed by an X-ray pulse, which leads to an explosive decomposition process lead azide and, as a result, to neutralize mines.

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not provide passageways in minefields and protection of equipment from mines equipped with detonators with detonator capsules containing other initiating explosives.

A method of protecting objects of technology in minefields is carried out using the device. The closest analogue of the proposed device is a launching device for clearing [4], containing a platform, a support mounted on a platform, a guide mounted on a support with the possibility of limited angular movement, a device for angular movement of the guide, containers for flexible charge, power cord, tools and rocket engines.

The disadvantage of this device is that after placing a flexible charge on a minefield using a rocket engine and subsequent detonation of the charge, the device does not provide for the detonation of mines equipped with non-contact fuses, as mentioned above.

Disclosure of invention

The solved problem of the proposed method is to create an effective method of protecting equipment on minefields, especially with mines equipped with proximity fuses, and the solved problem of the proposed device is to increase its effectiveness by expanding the capabilities of impact on mines equipped with both mechanical and proximity fuses.

The specified task of the method is solved in that in the method of protecting objects of technology in minefields, including the detonation of mines with proximity fuses, the detonation is carried out by induction on the electrical circuits of non-contact mine fuses by means of a pulsed electromagnetic field emitted through an antenna made in the form of an elongated conductive cord that laid on a minefield and passed through it an alternating current of force I with a carrier frequency f for a time t _m , when the following relations are true: I · f ² ≥1 · 10 ¹⁸ A · Hz ² and t _m ≥0.0025 s.

The specified task of the device is solved in that the device for implementing the method, comprising a launcher with a guide, a container with an elongated cord and a rocket connected to an elongated cord, is additionally equipped with a brake cable with an electric cable located inside it, which defines an alternating current generator with parameters I · f ² ≥1 · a · August ¹⁰ Hz and the conductor ^{2-counterweight,} wherein the elongate conductive string is formed, one terminal of the generator is connected to the counterweight guide, and the other - through electrical cable brake second rope with an extended cord.

To affect mines with mechanical fuses, the device can also be equipped with a detonation transmission unit and a fuse connected to an elongated cord, while the elongated cord may additionally contain a detonating charge.

List of drawings

- scheme of the proposed device.

The implementation of the invention

The proposed method can be implemented in a device schematically depicted in the drawing, in which the numbers denote:

1 - launcher guide;

2 - container;

3 - rocket, simultaneously being load resistance;

4 - flexible elongated cord;

5 - brake cable;

6 - generator of electromagnetic waves;

7 is a counterbalance conductor of length λ / 4, where λ is the working wavelength specified by the generator.

Examples of specific implementations of the method and device.

A flexible elongated cord is made of electrically conductive material, and the tail end of the electric cable located inside the brake cable, together with an additional conductor-counterweight of length λ / 4, where λ is the working wavelength, is connected to a master electromagnetic oscillation generator. Thus, after applying the elongated cord to the minefield and turning on the generator, the conductor-counterweight, the generator, the brake cable, and the elongated flexible cord with the rocket form one electric circuit, when the electric current passes through it, it turns into a linear antenna similar to [5], emitting electromagnetic waves into the surrounding space and thereby creating an induced electromagnetic field in the mines. This secondary field is realized in the form of electric currents arising in closed circuits of electronic circuits of non-contact mine fuses, which leads to errors, malfunctions, removal of additional degrees of protection, cocking or false alarms of non-contact fuses [6].

In the presence of mines with mechanical fuses in a minefence, a flexible elongated conductive cord is made with a detonating charge, which is detonated after a necessary period of time, which leads to additional shock-wave and seismic effects on the non-contact fuses of the remaining mines charged as a result of electromagnetic radiation and the main impact on mines with contact fuses.

Let us evaluate the parameters of electromagnetic radiation in the immediate vicinity of a linear antenna.

The strengths of magnetic H and electric E fields at a point remote at a distance r ₀ from a linear antenna of length L >> r ₀ , along which current I flows with a frequency f, are defined as [7]:

where λ = c / f is the length of the electromagnetic wave, c = 3 · 10 ⁸ m / s is the speed of light. Considering the fact that the electromagnetic field can penetrate into the interior of mines (unscreened or insufficiently shielded) and induce signals in electronic circuits of non-contact fuses that can cause errors, malfunctions or cause a false alarm, we determine the voltage U induced in section S as:

where ω = 2πf is the circular frequency, μ ₀ = 4π · 10 ^-7 is the magnetic constant.

Substituting in (2) the value of H from (1), we obtain

If we assume that the circuit in question is closed to an electric detonator (ED), then with the resistance of the ED bridge equal to R _m , the corresponding current value in the bridge will be

In expression (4), the first ratio in brackets (S / R _m ) consists of parameters related to a non-contact mine fuse, and the second (I · f ² ) - to a reference generator of electromagnetic waves. Thus, knowing the parameters of the fuse (S / R _m ) and the critical value of current I _m at which the ED explosion occurs, it is possible to determine the necessary parameters of the master oscillator from (4).

Further, with the magnitude of the ignition pulse for the ED J _{m, the} required exposure time to radiation is determined as [8]

The analysis of electronic circuits of various proximity fuses shows that the average value is S≈1 cm ² .

According to [8], it is possible to determine R _m and I _m for ED of normal sensitivity. The table below presents the maximum estimates of (I · f ² ) and t _m determined from dependences (4) and (5).

Table No. p / p Type ED R _m , Ohm I _m , A S, m ² J _m , A ² I · f ² , A · Hz ² t _m , ms one Normal sensitivity 1.1-3.4 1,0 1 · 10 ^-4 0.6-2.5 ≥1 · 10 ¹⁸ ≥ 2.5

It follows that if you select a generator that generates a current in a linear antenna, for example, equal to I = 100 A, then the carrier frequency and radiation duration should be no less than f = 100 MHz and t _m = 0.0025 s. The obtained values will ensure the operation of non-contact mine fuses in the near zone of the linear antenna, which is the most favorable case. If they do not meet the criteria indicated in the table, then options are possible, for example, “temporary blinding” of mines [6], etc.

A device that implements the proposed according to the present invention method works as follows.

Before starting, the electric cable passing inside the brake cable is connected to one of the terminals of the electromagnetic oscillation generator, forming, together with a flexible elongated cord and a rocket, the main radiating conductor, and to the other terminal, a counterweight conductor. After the rocket leaves the guide and the cord is fed into the minefield, the generator is turned on, electric currents interacting along the entire length of the cord propagate along the elongated cord and counterweight, and the cord starts to radiate like a linear antenna. During the radiation time, electromagnetic interference is induced inside non-fuse fuses, leading to errors, malfunctions, removal of additional degrees of protection, cocking or false alarms.

If an elongated electrically conductive cord with a detonating charge is made after a required period of time, the charge is detonated, which has additional shock wave and seismic effects on the non-contact fuses of the remaining mines charged as a result of electromagnetic radiation and the main effect on mines with contact fuses.

Information sources

1.http: //tewton.narod.ru/texnica/emt.html.

2.http: //tewton.narod.ru/texnica-2/yr-83p.html.

3. Patent RU 2163336 C1, 01/06/2000.

4. Patent RU 2241197 C1, 11/27/2004.

5. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 1467585, Cl. H01Q 11/02, 1987.

6. A.B. Prishchepenko. Explosions and waves. Explosive sources of electromagnetic radiation in the radio frequency range. - M .: BINOM. Laboratory of Knowledge, 2008. - 208 p.

7.S.G. Kalashnikov. Electricity: Study Guide. - 5th ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Science. 1985 .-- 576 p.

8. M. M. Graevsky, V. F. Ermoshin, P. S. Zalessky, M. I. Ozernoy and others. Protection of explosive charges from premature explosions by stray currents / ed. Graevsky M.M. - M .: Subsoil. 1987 .-- 381 p.

Claims (3)

1. A method of protecting objects of technology in minefields, including the detonation of mines with proximity fuses, characterized in that the detonation is carried out by induction on the electrical circuits of proximity fuses of mines by means of a pulsed electromagnetic field emitted through an antenna made in the form of an electrically conductive elongated cord, which is laid on mine field and an alternating current is passed through it with a force of I with a carrier frequency f for a time t _m , when the following relationships are true:
I · f ² ≥1 · 10 ¹⁸ A · Hz ² and t _m ≥0.0025c. 2. A device for protecting objects of equipment in minefields, comprising a launcher with a guide, a container with an elongated cord and a missile connected to an elongated cord, characterized in that it is equipped with a brake cable with an electric cable located inside it, which defines an alternating current generator with parameters I · f ² ≥1 · a · October ¹⁸ Hz and the conductor ^{2-counterweight,} wherein the elongate conductive string is formed, one terminal of the oscillator is connected to the counterweight guide, and the other - through electrical cable brake cable with an extended cord. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that it is equipped with a detonation transmission unit and a fuse connected to an elongated cord, while the elongated cord further comprises a detonating charge.

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